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989 B
989 B
General Information:
Hosea is speaking about Israel.
Israel is a luxuriant vine that produces his fruit
Israel is spoken of as a vine that was very fruitful. For a while the people prospered and were strong. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)
a luxuriant vine
This vine produces more fruit than normal.
As his fruit increased ... As his land produced more
Both of these mean as the people prospered and grew stronger and richer.
Their heart is deceitful
The "heart" refers to the whole person, emphasizing their emotions and desires. AT: "They are deceitful" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche)
now they must bear their guilt
Here "guilt" is a metonym for the punishment that is associated with it. This punishment is spoken of as if it was a heavy load for them to carry. AT: "now is the time that Yahweh will punish them for their sins" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)