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112 lines
3.2 KiB
Markdown
112 lines
3.2 KiB
Markdown
# Creating a LiveCD from an existing ISO #
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_These instructions are condensed and simplified from the guide at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LiveCDCustomization. Other information, like regional defaults, or changing the kernel used, can be found in that more complete guide._
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1. Make sure you have squashfs-tools and genisoimage
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`sudo apt install squashfs-tools genisoimage`
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2. Extract the iso contents into a folder
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```
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mkdir mnt
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sudo mount -o loop _iso filename_ mnt
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mkdir extract-cd
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sudo rsync --exclude=/casper/filesystem.squashfs -a mnt/ extract-cd
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```
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3. Extract the Desktop system
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```
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sudo unsquashfs mnt/casper/filesystem.squashfs
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sudo mv squashfs-root edit
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```
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4. Mount the necessary volumes
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```
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sudo mount --bind /dev/ edit/dev
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sudo chroot edit
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mount -t proc none /proc
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mount -t sysfs none /sys
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mount -t devpts none /dev/pts
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```
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To have network resolution in the chroot use:
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```
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sudo mount -o bind /run/ edit/run
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```
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5. (Optional) If you want to remove some of the installed software, to shrink the volume:
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```
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dpkg-query -W --showformat='${Installed-Size}\t${Package}\n' | sort -nr | less
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```
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This will give you a list of installed apps sorted by size. Remember to `purge` any apps you remove. Alternatively, you can `rm-rf /tmp/* ~/.bash_history`.
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6. ####Make all of the changes to the installed software and configuration here.
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6. Unmount the volumes from within the chroot
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```
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umount /proc || umount -lf /proc
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umount /sys
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umount /dev/pts
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```
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Note that if `umount /proc` fails it will cascade to the bruteforce `umount -lf /proc`
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7. Exit the chroot
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```
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exit
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sudo umount edit/dev
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```
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If you added the network layer:
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```
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sudo umount edit/run
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```
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8. Assemble the file system
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9. Regenerate the manifest
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```
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chmod +w extract-cd/casper/filesystem.manifest
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sudo su
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chroot edit dpkg-query -W --showformat='${Package} ${Version}\n' > extract-cd/casper/filesystem.manifest
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exit
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sudo cp extract-cd/casper/filesystem.manifest extract-cd/casper/filesystem.manifest-desktop
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sudo sed -i '/ubiquity/d' extract-cd/casper/filesystem.manifest-desktop
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sudo sed -i '/casper/d' extract-cd/casper/filesystem.manifest-desktop
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```
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2. Compress the file system
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```
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sudo rm extract-cd/casper/filesystem.squashfs
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sudo mksquashfs edit extract-cd/casper/filesystem.squashfs
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```
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Alternately, for higher compression, try:
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```
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sudo mksquashfs edit extract-cd/casper/filesystem.squashfs -b 1048576
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```
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And for the highest possible compression:
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```
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sudo mksquashfs edit extract-cd/casper/filesystem.squashfs -comp xz -e edit/boot
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```
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3. Update the filesystem.size file, which is needed by the installer.
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```
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sudo su
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printf $(du -sx --block-size=1 edit | cut -f1) > extract-cd/casper/filesystem.size
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exit
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```
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2. Set an image name in extract-cd/README.diskdefines
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```
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sudo nano extract-cd/README.diskdefines
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```
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1. Create the new md5sum.txt
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```
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cd extract-cd
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sudo rm md5sum.txt
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find -type f -print0 | sudo xargs -0 md5sum | grep -v isolinux/boot.cat | sudo tee md5sum.txt
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```
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2. Creat the new ISO image
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```
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sudo mkisofs -D -r -V "$IMAGE_NAME" -cache-inodes -J -l -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -o ../_new_iso_disk_image_name.iso .
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``` |