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I swear by Yahweh
Joab is making a very strong oath. AT: "I swear, as surely as Yahweh is alive" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit)
if you do not go, not one man will remain with you
This means that only if David went would his soldiers remain with him. AT: "only if you go will any of your men remain with you" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives)
not one man will remain with you
This refers to them remaining loyal to him. AT: "not one man will remain loyal to you" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom)
all the people were told
This is a generalization. It means most of the men. It can be stated in active form. AT: "many of the men who were there heard others saying" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive)
Look, the king is sitting
The word "Look" is used here to draw someone's attention to what is said next. AT: "Listen, the king is sitting"
all the people
Here "the people" refer to the people who followed David. Here "all" is an generalization. It means a large number came and gathered around him. AT: "many of the people" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole)
So Israel fled, every man to his home
Here "Israel" refers to the Israelite soldiers who followed Absalom. AT: "And every Israelite soldier fled to his own home" or "And all of the Israelite soldiers fled to their homes" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche)