en_tn/hos/13/01.md

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  • God is speaking.
  • When Ephraim spoke - "Ephraim" in this verse means the tribe of Ephraim, which was one of the 10 tribes located in the northern part of Israel. (See: :en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche)
  • there was trembling - AT: "there was trembling among the people. (See: :en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy)
  • He exalted himself in Israel - "He" refers to the tribe of Ephraim, which became a very influential tribe in the northern kingdom.
  • but he became guilty because of Baal worship, and he died. - This means that the tribe of Ephraim began worshiping Baal. (UDB) (See: :en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy and :en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor)
  • Now they sin more and more. - "They" means not just the tribe of Ephraim, but the entire nation of Israel (who were all following Ephraim's example).
  • These men who sacrifice kiss calves - Part of Baal worship is kissing the idol which was an image of a calf. (UDB) (see: :en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit)