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the ark of the God of Israel
See how you translated similar words in 1 Samuel 3:3. This is the a same as the "ark of the covenant of God" in 1 Samuel 4:3-4.
the God of Israel
Possible meanings are 1) they were speaking the proper name of the God of Israel or 2) they believed that Israel worshiped one of many gods, "the god of Israel." See how you translated this in 1 Samuel 5:7.
there was a deathly panic throughout the city
"people all over the city were afraid that they were going to die"
the hand of God was very heavy there
The hand is a metonym for God punishing the people. "Yahweh was punishing the people there very severely" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy)
The men who did not die
This implies that many men actually died. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit)
tumors
Possible meanings are 1) painful swelling under the skin or 2) hemorrhoids. See how you translated this in 1 Samuel 5:6.
the cry of the city went up to the heavens
The word "city" is a metonym for the people of the city. Possible meanings are 1) the words "went up to the heavens" is an idiom for "was very great." AT: "the people of the city cried out very loudly" or 2) the words "the heavens" is a metonym for the people's gods. AT: "the people of the city cried out to their gods." (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom)