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Numbers 5
Numbers 5:1
General Information:
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Numbers 5:2
infectious skin disease
This refers to leprosy, which is a sickness that affects the skin and easily spreads to other people.
oozing sore
This refers to an open cut that is leaking fluids.
whoever is unclean through touching a dead body
If a person touched a dead body they were considered unclean. A person who is not acceptable for God's purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
Numbers 5:3
you must send
Here "you" is plural and refers to the people of Israel. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you)
Numbers 5:4
The people of Israel did so
This means that they sent the unclean people away. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "The people of Israel sent those who were unclean out of the camp" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
Numbers 5:5
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Numbers 5:6
any sin such as people do to one another
"any sin that people usually commit against one another"
is unfaithful to me
If someone sins against another person, it means that they have also sinned against Yahweh and Yahweh considers that person as unfaithful to him. Alternate translation: "they have also wronged me" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
Numbers 5:7
the price of his guilt
Here the person's "sin" is referred to as his "guilt." Alternate translation: "what is considered a suitable amount of money for the wrong that he has done" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
add to the price one-fifth more
This means the person must pay an extra one-fifth of the price that he owes.
one-fifth
This is one part out of five equal parts. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction)
Numbers 5:8
But if the wronged person has no close relative to receive the payment
Usually the wronged person would receive the payment but if that person has died the payment goes to the closest relative. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "But if the wronged person has died and has no close relative to receive the payment" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
if the wronged person
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "if the person whom the guilty person has wronged" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
he must pay the price for his guilt to me through a priest
If a person made a payment to a priest to pay for his guilt it was the same as if the person had made the payment to Yahweh.
to atone for himself
The atonement is made for the man's sin. Here Yahweh refers to the man's sin as the man who committed it. Alternate translation: "to atone for his sin" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
Numbers 5:9
the things that are set aside and brought to the priest by the people of Israel
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the things that the people of Israel set aside and bring to the priest" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
Numbers 5:10
The offerings of every person will be for the priest; if anyone gives anything to the priest, it will belong to him
These two phrases mean basically the same thing and may be combined to state that the offerings that someone gives belong to the priest to whom they have been given. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism)
Numbers 5:11
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Numbers 5:12
Connecting Statement:
The words "Suppose that a man's wife turns away" begin a long description of a possible situation, something that has not happened but might happen. Yahweh tells Moses what to do if it does happen.
a man's wife turns away
This means that she goes away from him and is unfaithful to him. Alternate translation: "a man's wife is unfaithful" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom)
sins against her husband
This means that she is unfaithful to her husband and and sins against him by sleeping with another man. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "sins against her husband by sleeping with another man" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
Numbers 5:13
Connecting Statement:
Moses continues to describe the situation he began describing in Numbers 5:12.
If a man lies with her
This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "If a man has sexual relations with her" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism)
her
the woman who turns away and sins against her husband (Numbers 5:12)
in the act
This refers to the act of adultery. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "in the act of adultery" or "sleeping with him" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
Numbers 5:14
his wife is defiled ... his wife is not defiled
These phrases can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "his wife has defiled herself ... his wife has not defiled herself" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
a spirit of jealousy might still inform the husband
Here the word "spirit" refers to a person's attitude and emotions. His "jealously" is spoken of as if it were a person who spoke to him. Alternate translation: "the husband might feel jealous and become suspicious" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification)
a spirit of jealousy might falsely come on a man
Here the word "spirit" refers to a person's attitude and emotions. The idea of the spirit "coming on him" means that he began to have these jealous feelings. Alternate translation: "a man might feel jealous for no reason" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom)
Numbers 5:15
Connecting Statement:
Moses begins to describe what the people are to do if the situation he began describing in Numbers 5:12 ever happens.
a tenth
This is one part out of ten equal parts. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-fraction)
a tenth of an ephah
This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: "a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters)" or "2 liters" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bvolume)
a grain offering of jealousy
"a grain offering for jealousy"
a reminder of the iniquity
A "reminder" is something that shows evidence that something had occurred that required justice. In this case, he made the offering to determine whether his wife had committed adultery or not.
Numbers 5:16
Connecting Statement:
Moses continues to describe what the people are to do if the situation he began describing in Numbers 5:12 ever happens.
near and place her before Yahweh
"in the presence of Yahweh." The priest would bring her near the altar. Alternate translation: "near the altar and place her in the presence of Yahweh" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
Numbers 5:17
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Numbers 5:18
Connecting Statement:
Moses continues to describe what the people are to do if the situation he began describing in Numbers 5:12 ever happens.
before Yahweh
"in the presence of Yahweh"
grain offering of suspicion
See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 5:15.
Numbers 5:19
no other man has lain with you
This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "no other man has had sexual relations with you" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism)
if you have not gone astray
The words "gone astray" is an idiom that means "to be unfaithful." Alternate translation: "if you have not been unfaithful to your husband" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom)
and committed impurity
"by committing impurity." This phrase refers to committing adultery.
you will be free from this bitter water
The phrase to "be free" from something means to not be harmed by it. Alternate translation: "this bitter water will not harm you, though it is able to" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom)
this bitter water that can bring a curse
Here the bitter water is described as being able to bring a curse. This means that when the woman drinks the water it cause her to be unable to bear children, if she is guilty. Alternate translation: "this bitter water can be a curse to you" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification)
Numbers 5:20
Connecting Statement:
Moses continues to describe what the people are to do if the situation he began describing in Numbers 5:12 ever happens.
have gone astray
The words "gone astray" is an idiom that means "to be unfaithful." Alternate translation: "have been unfaithful to your husband" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom)
Numbers 5:21
that can bring down a curse on her
The phrase "bring down a curse" is an idiom meaning for a curse to come upon her. Alternate translation: "that can cause a curse to come upon her" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom)
Yahweh will make you into a curse ... your people to be such
Here the author speaks about the woman bearing the curse that Yahweh gives her, which causes other people to curse her. This is spoken of as if the woman herself becomes a curse. Alternate translation: "Because Yahweh curses you, other people will curse you as well, and Yahweh will show people that you are truly cursed" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
that will be shown to your people to be such
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that he will show to your people as a curse" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
your thigh to waste away and your abdomen to swell
Possible meanings are 1) that the woman will become unable to have children or 2) that the woman's pregnancy will end too early and the baby will die.
your thigh to waste away
Here the word "thigh" is a polite way of referring to the woman's womb or her private parts. Alternate translation: "your womb to be useless" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism)
Numbers 5:22
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Numbers 5:23
Connecting Statement:
Moses continues to describe what the people are to do if the situation he began describing in Numbers 5:12 ever happens.
he must wash away the written curses
This means that he is to wash the ink off of the scroll.
the written curses
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the curses he has written" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
Numbers 5:24
General Information:
Verse 24 explains in a general way what the priest must do and what is expected to happen when the woman drinks the water. Verse 25 and 26 explains in detail how the priest is to do this work. The priest gives the water to the woman and she drinks it only once.
Connecting Statement:
Moses continues to describe what the people are to do if the situation he began describing in Numbers 5:12 ever happens.
Numbers 5:25
grain offering of jealousy
"a grain offering for jealousy." See how you translated this in Numbers 5:15.
Numbers 5:26
a representative offering
The handful of the grain offering represents the whole grain offering. This means the whole offering belongs to Yahweh.
Numbers 5:27
Connecting Statement:
Moses continues to describe what the people are to do if the situation he began describing in Numbers 5:12 ever happens.
if she is defiled because she has committed
This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: "if she has defined herself by committing" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
committed a sin
Here the "sin" refers specifically to committing adultery. The meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "committed adultery" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
Her abdomen will swell and her thigh will waste away
Possible meanings are 1) that the woman will become unable to have children or 2) that the woman's pregnancy will end too early and the baby will die. Here the word "thigh" is a polite way of referring to the woman's womb or her private parts. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism) See how you translated these concepts in Numbers 5:21.
The woman will be cursed among her people
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Her people will curse her" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
Numbers 5:28
is not defiled
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "has not defiled herself" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
if she is clean
Here "being innocent" is spoken of as "being clean." (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
then she must be free
Possible meanings are 1) "then she will not be cursed" or 2) "then she is free from guilt." (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
conceive children
"become pregnant"
Numbers 5:29
Connecting Statement:
Moses continues to describe what the people are to do if the situation he began describing in Numbers 5:12 ever happens.
the law of jealousy
"the law for dealing with jealousy"
who strays away from her husband
The words "strays away" is an idiom that means "to be unfaithful." Alternate translation: "who is unfaithful to her husband" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom)
is defiled
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "defiles herself" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
Numbers 5:30
a spirit of jealousy
This phrase refers to the man's attitude and emotions of jealousy. See how you translated this in Numbers 5:14. Alternate translation: "who is jealous" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
when he is jealous of his wife
This is an idiom that means that he suspects that his wife has been unfaithful to him by sleeping with another man. Alternate translation: "and suspects that his wife has been unfaithful to him" or "and suspects that his wife has slept with another man" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom)
before Yahweh
"in the presence of Yahweh"
Numbers 5:31
Connecting Statement:
Moses continues to describe what the people are to do if the situation he began describing in Numbers 5:12 ever happens.
will be free from guilt for bringing his wife to the priest
"will not be guilty of doing something wrong by bringing his wife to the priest"
must bear
"must endure"