en_tn/1sa/31/01.md

Now the Philistines fought against Israel

This battle was the result of the conflict between David and the Philistines in 1 Samuel 29:11. The writer has finished telling the story of David in 1 Samuel 30:1-30, and now he tells about the battle between the Israelites and the Philistines.

against Israel

"Israel" refers to the people who live there. AT: "against the people of Israel" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy)

Mount Gilboa

This is the name of a mountain (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names).

closely pursued Saul and his sons

"chased Saul and three of his sons"

Abinadab, and Malki-Shua

These are names of men. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names).

The battle went heavily against Saul

This is an idiom. "Saul's army began to lose the battle" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom)