When the mocker is punished

This can be translated in active form. AT: "When someone punishes the mocker" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive)

naive

"inexperienced, immature"

"the person who mocks others"

This can be translated in active form. AT: "when someone instructs the wise person" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive)

Here knowledge is spoken of as if it were an object that someone could grasp and keep for himself. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)

Possible meanings are 1) any righteous person or 2) "Yahweh the one who is righteous."

"pays careful attention to"

Here disaster is spoken of as if it were a place that someone could be brought to. AT: "he destroys them" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)