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Some of those who have insight will stumble ... until the time of the end
This suffering will continue until the time when God has decided that it will end.
Some of those who have insight will stumble
Here "stumble" represents experiencing a disaster of one kind or another, including death itself.
so that refining will happen to them
"with the result that refining will happen to them"
refining will happen to them, and cleansing, and purifying
"they will be refined, cleansed, and purified" or "their suffering will refine, cleanse, and purify them"
refining
This refers to the purifying of metal by melting it in a fire. When God makes his people more faithful to himself, this is spoken of as if they were metal that a worker was making more pure by putting it into fire.
cleansing
This refers to making people, places, or objects suitable for God's use by separating them from sin and other forms of evil. It speaks of evil as if it were physical dirtiness that could be removed by washing.
purifying
This idea is very similar to refining, discussed earlier. Metal that is refined can also be said to be purified.
time of the end
"the final days" or "the end of the world."
the appointed time is still to come
"Yahweh has set the time in the future"