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General Information:
The words "you" and "your" in this section refer to the believers to whom James writes.
speak against
"speak badly about" or "oppose"
brothers
James speaks of the believers as if they are biological brothers. The term here includes women as well as men. AT: "fellow believers" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations)
but a judge
"but you are acting like the person who gives the law"
Only one is the lawgiver and judge
This refers to God. "God is the only one who gives laws and judges people"
Who are you, you who judge your neighbor?
This is a rhetorical question James uses to scold his audience. This can be expressed as a statement. AT: "You are just a human and cannot judge another human." (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion)