Yahweh also has a lawsuit against Judah

Yahweh stating that the people of Judah have sinned against him and broken his covenant is spoken of as if Yahweh were accusing them in court.

against Judah ... punish Jacob for what he has done ... repay him for his deeds

"against the people of Judah ... punish them for what they have done ... repay them for their deeds"