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- I said to them - The word "them" refers to Nehemiah's brother, the manager of the city, and to Hananiah, who was responsible for the citadel.
- the sun is hot - "the sun is high in the sky"
- While the gatekeepers are on guard - "If the gatekeepers are guarding the gate." The meaning here is "if the gatekeepers are challenging those approaching."
- gatekeepers - See how you translated this in en/bible/notes/neh/07/01
- you may shut the doors and bar them - "you may close the gates and lock them"
- Appoint guards from those who live in Jerusalem, some at the place of their guard station, and some in front of their own homes. - These are the criteria for guards: those who live here and those whose homes are nearby. These people were not just hired but have a special interest in the security of that part of the city.
- Now the city was wide and large, but there were few people within it, and no houses had yet been rebuilt - The walled area was large but thinly populated, and people were still living in temporary shelters.
- no houses had yet been rebuilt - This may be an exaggeration to emphasize that the city was not in a finished state to house all the people. It is also a passive clause, which can be translated as an active clause. AT: "the people had not yet rebuilt many houses" (See: en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole and en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive)