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I do not want you to be uninformed
Here Paul uses a double negative. You can translate this in a positive form. Alternate translation: "I very much want you to be aware" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives)
brothers
Here "brothers" means fellow Christians, including both men and women.
I
The pronoun "I" refers to Paul.
you ... you ... your
The pronouns "you" and "your" refer to the Gentile believers.
so that you may not be wise in your own thinking
Paul does not want the Gentile believers to think they are wiser than the Jewish unbelievers. Alternate translation: "so that you will not think you are wiser than you are" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit)
a partial hardening has come upon Israel
Paul speaks of "hardening" or stubbornness as if it were a hardening of physical organs in the body. Some Jews have refused to accept salvation through Jesus. Alternate translation: "many people of Israel continue to be stubborn" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)
until the full number of the Gentiles has come in
The word "until" here implies that some Jews will believe after God has finished bringing the Gentiles into the church.