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Psalms 149
Psalms 149:1
General Information:
The psalmist is speaking to all of God's people, so you should use the plural command form if your language has one. Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns and rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism)
a new song
Possible meanings are 1) "a song you have never sung before" or 2) a song no one has ever sung before.
sing his praise
"praise him with songs"
Psalms 149:2
rejoice in the one who made them
Possible meanings are 1) "rejoice because he made them" or 2) "rejoice because the one who made them is good."
rejoice in their king
The words "their king" is likely a reference to God. Possible meanings are 1) "rejoice because he is their king" or 2) "rejoice because their king is good."
Psalms 149:3
praise his name
The word "name" is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "praise him" or "tell people how great he is" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
tambourine
a musical instrument with a head like a drum that can be hit and with pieces of metal around the side that sound when the instrument is shaken (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown)
Psalms 149:4
glorifies the humble with salvation
The abstract noun "salvation" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "glorifies the humble by saving them" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns)
the humble
This can be restated to remove the nominal adjective. Alternate translation: "those who are humble" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj)
Psalms 149:5
on their beds
The translation can make explicit that this refers to when a person lies down at night to sleep in a bed. Alternate translation: "as they lie down to sleep at night" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
Psalms 149:6
May the praises of God be in their mouths
The mouth represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "May they always be ready to praise God" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche)
a two-edged sword in their hand
If swords are not known, use the name of a local weapon. The word "sword" is a metonym for being ready to fight in war. Alternate translation: "may there be a two-edged sword in their hand" or "may they always be ready to go to war for him" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
Psalms 149:7
the nations
The phrase "the nations" is a metonym for the people who live in the nations. Alternate translation: "the people of the nations" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
Psalms 149:8
chains
These are made of heavy metal and restrict the movement of prisoners.
shackles
a pair of chains or bands with a chain between that limits the movement of both a person's hands or feet.
Psalms 149:9
They will execute the judgment that is written
The abstract noun "judgment" can be stated as "judge." Alternate translation: "They will judge and punish the people of those nations as God wrote should be done" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns)