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Psalms 99
Psalms 99:1
General Information:
Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism)
the nations
This refers to the people of all nations. Alternate translation: "the people of all nations" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
tremble
shake with fear
He sits enthroned above the cherubim
You may need to make explicit that the cherubim are those on the lid of the ark of the covenant. The biblical writers often spoke of the ark of the covenant as if it were Yahweh's footstool upon which he rested his feet as he sat on his throne in heaven above. Alternate translation: "He sits on his throne above the cherubim on the ark of the covenant" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
quakes
shakes
Psalms 99:2
Yahweh is great in Zion; he is exalted above all the nations
"Not only is Yahweh great in Zion, he is exalted above all the nations" or "Not only does Yahweh rule in Zion, he rules over all the nations"
he is exalted above all the nations
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people in all the nations exalt him" or "people in all nations praise him greatly" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
Psalms 99:3
Let them praise your great and awesome name
Here the author shifts from speaking about God, to speaking to God. After this phrase though, he shifts back to speaking about God.
Psalms 99:4
he loves justice
The abstract noun "justice" can be translated using the phrase "what is just." Alternate translation: "he loves doing what is just" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns)
You have established fairness
The abstract noun "fairness" is a metonym for the laws that are fair. Alternate translation: "The laws you have established are fair" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
Psalms 99:5
worship at his footstool
Here the word "footstool" likely refers to the ark of the covenant, which the biblical writers often spoke of as if it were Yahweh's footstool upon which he rested his feet as he sat on his throne in heaven above. The translation can make explicit that the people are to worship Yahweh. Alternate translation: "worship Yahweh at his footstool" or "worship Yahweh before his throne in the temple" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
Psalms 99:6
General Information:
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Psalms 99:7
solemn
important, given seriously
Psalms 99:8
You answered them
"You answered your people"
Psalms 99:9
his holy hill
"Mount Zion"