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Luke 24
Luke 24:1
General Information:
The women (Luke 23:55) return to the tomb with spices to put on Jesus's body.
Very early on the first day of the week
"Before dawn on Sunday" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal)
they came to the tomb
"the women arrived at the tomb." These were the women spoken of in Luke 23:55.
the tomb
This tomb was cut in the rock of a cliff.
bringing the spices
These were the same spices they prepared in Luke 23:56.
Luke 24:2
They found the stone
"They saw that the stone was"
the stone rolled away
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that someone had rolled the stone" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
the stone
This was a large, cut, round stone big enough to completely block the doorway to the tomb. It required several men to roll it.
Luke 24:3
did not find the body of the Lord Jesus
You can state explicitly that they did not find it because it was not there. Alternate translation: "the body of the Lord Jesus was not there" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
Luke 24:4
General Information:
Two angels appear and begin speaking to the women.
It happened
This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
Luke 24:5
were terrified
"became very afraid"
bowed down their faces to the earth
"bowed low to the ground." This action expresses their humility and submission to the men. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction)
Why do you seek the living among the dead?
The men use a question to mildly criticize the women for looking in a tomb for a living person. Alternate translation: "You are looking for a living person among dead people!" or "You should not be looking for someone who is alive in a place where they bury dead people!" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion)
Why do you seek
Here "you" is plural, referring to the women who came. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you)
Luke 24:6
but has been raised
"but he has been made alive again." "Raised" here is an idiom for "caused to live again." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "because God has made him alive again" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom)
Remember how
"Remember what"
to you
The word "you" is plural. It refers to the women and possibly the other disciples in addition. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you)
Luke 24:7
Connecting Statement:
The angels finish speaking to the women.
that the Son of Man
This is the beginning of an indirect quote. It can also be translated with a direct quote, as in the UDB. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations)
the Son of Man must be delivered up into the hands of sinful men and be crucified
The phrase "must be" means this is something that would certainly happen because God had already decided that it would happen. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "it was necessary that they hand the Son of Man over to sinful men who would crucify him" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
into the hands
Here "hands" refers to power or control. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
third day
The Jews counted any portion of a day as a day. Therefore, the day Jesus was raised was the "third day" because it followed the day of his burial and the Sabbath day. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal)
Luke 24:8
remembered his words
Here "words" refers to the statement that Jesus made. Alternate translation: "remembered what Jesus said" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
Luke 24:9
Connecting Statement:
The women go to tell the apostles about what they found at the tomb.
the eleven and all the rest
"the eleven apostles and all the rest of the disciples who were with them"
the eleven
This is Luke's first reference to the "eleven" because there had always been twelve before. But Judas left the twelve and betrayed Jesus.
Luke 24:10
Now
This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Luke gives the names of some of the women who came from the tomb and told the apostles what had happened there.
Luke 24:11
But this message seemed like idle talk to the apostles
"But the apostles thought that what the women said was foolish talk"
Luke 24:12
Yet Peter
This phrase contrasts Peter to the other apostles. He did not dismiss what the women said, but ran to the tomb to see for himself.
rose up
This is an idiom that means "began to act." Whether Peter was sitting or standing when he decided to act is not important. Alternate translation: "started out" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom)
stooping
Peter had to bend over in order to see inside the tomb because tombs cut in solid rock were very low. Alternate translation: "bending himself at the waist"
the linen cloths by themselves
"only the linen cloths." This refers to the cloths that had been wrapped around Jesus's body when he was buried in Luke 23:53. It is implied that the body of Jesus was not there. Alternate translation: "the linen cloths in which Jesus's body had been wrapped, but Jesus was not there" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
departed to his home
"went away to his home"
Luke 24:13
General Information:
Two of the disciples are on their way to Emmaus. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-newevent)
Behold
The author uses this word to mark the beginning of a new event. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-newevent)
two of them
"two of the disciples"
that very day
"that same day." This refers to the day when the women found the tomb to be empty.
Emmaus
This is the name of a town. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)
sixty stadia
"eleven kilometers." A "stadium" was 185 meters. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-bdistance)
Luke 24:14
General Information:
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Luke 24:15
It happened that
This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts. It starts with Jesus approaching them. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
Jesus himself
The word "himself" emphasizes the fact that the very Jesus they were talking about actually appeared to them. So far the women had seen the angels, but no one had seen Jesus.
Luke 24:16
their eyes were prevented from recognizing him
"their eyes were kept from recognizing Jesus." The men's ability to recognize Jesus is spoken of as their eyes' ability to recognize him. This can be stated in active form. It is most likely that it was God who prevented them from recognizing Jesus. Alternate translation: "something happened to them so they could not recognize him" or "God prevented them from recognizing him" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
Luke 24:17
Jesus said to them
"Jesus said to the two men"
Luke 24:18
Cleopas
This is the name of a man. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)
Are you the only person ... days?
Cleopas uses this question to show his surprise that this man appears not to know about the things that have happened in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "You must be the only person ... days." (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion)
Are you
Here "you" is singular. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you)
Luke 24:19
What things
"What things have happened" or "What things have taken place"
a prophet, mighty in deed and word before God and all the people
This means that God caused Jesus to be mighty and that the people saw that he was mighty. Alternate translation: "a prophet to whom God gave power to do and teach great things that were amazing to all the people"
Luke 24:20
delivered him up
"gave him over"
to be condemned to death and crucified him
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "in order for the governor to put Jesus to death by crucifying him" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
Luke 24:21
Connecting Statement:
The two men continue responding to Jesus.
But we hoped that he was the one
Here the word "hope" means "expect" or "think" that something might be true. By saying "we hoped" the two men show that they no longer think that Jesus is the one who will redeem Israel. Alternate translation: "But we thought that he might be the one"
who was going to redeem Israel
The Romans ruled over the Jews. Alternate translation: "who would free the Israelites from our Roman enemies" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
Yes, and what is more,
This introduces another reason why they believed Jesus would not free Israel. Alternate translation: "Now that does not seem possible because"
the third day
The Jews counted any portion of a day as a day. Therefore, the day Jesus was raised was the "third day" because it followed the day of his burial and the Sabbath day. See how you translated this in Luke 24:7. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal)
since all these things happened
"since all the many actions that led up to the death of Jesus have taken place"
Luke 24:22
But also
This introduces another reason why it the men did not understand what was happening concerning Jesus.
of our company
"in our group"
having been at the tomb
The women were the ones who were at the tomb.
Luke 24:23
a vision of angels
"angels in a vision"
Luke 24:24
Connecting Statement:
The two men finish responding to Jesus.
they did not see him
"they did not see Jesus"
Luke 24:25
Jesus said to them
Jesus is speaking to the two disciples.
slow of heart to believe
Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's mind. Alternate translation: "your minds are slow to believe" or "you are slow to believe" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
Luke 24:26
Was it not necessary ... glory?
Jesus uses a question to remind the disciples about what the prophets said. Alternate translation: "It was necessary ... glory." (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion)
to enter into his glory
This refers to Jesus beginning to rule and to receive honor and glory.
Luke 24:27
beginning from Moses
Moses wrote the first books of the Bible. Alternate translation: "beginning with the writings of Moses" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
Jesus interpreted to them
"Jesus explained to them"
Luke 24:28
Jesus acted as though he were going further
The two men understood from his actions that he was going on to another destination. Perhaps he kept walking on the road when they turned off to enter the gate into the village. There is no indication that Jesus deceived them with words.
Luke 24:29
they compelled him
You may need to make explicit what they compelled him to do. This is probably an exaggeration to show that they needed to speak with him for a long time before they could change his mind. The word "compel" means to use physical force, but it seems that they persuaded him using only words. Alternate translation: "they were able to persuade him to stay" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole)
it is toward evening and the day is almost over
The Jewish day ended at sundown.
Jesus went in
"Jesus entered the house"
stay with them
"stay with the two disciples"
Luke 24:30
It happened
This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
the bread
This refers to bread made without yeast. It does not refer to food in general.
blessed it
"gave thanks for it" or "thanked God for it"
Luke 24:31
Then their eyes were opened
Their "eyes" represent their understanding. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Then they understood" or "Then they realized" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
they knew him
"they recognized him." These disciples had known him before his death.
he vanished out of their sight
This means that suddenly he was no longer there. It does not mean that he became invisible.
Luke 24:32
Was not our heart burning ... scriptures?
They use a question to emphasize how amazed they were about their encounter with Jesus. The intense feelings they had while talking to Jesus are spoken of as if they were a fire burning inside them. Alternate translation: "Our hearts were burning ... scriptures." (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion)
within us
The two men were speaking to each other. The word "us" is dual inclusive for languages that make these distinctions. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pronouns and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive)
while he opened to us the scriptures
Jesus did not open a book or scroll. "opened" refers to their understanding. Alternate translation: "while he explained the scriptures to us" or "while he enabled us to understand the scriptures"
Luke 24:33
Connecting Statement:
The two men go to Jerusalem to the eleven disciples to tell them about Jesus.
They rose up
"They" refers to the two men.
rose up
"got up" or "stood up"
the eleven
This refers to Jesus's apostles. Judas was no longer included with them.
Luke 24:34
saying
"and those people told the two men"
Luke 24:35
So they told
"So the two men told them"
the things that happened on the way
This refers to Jesus appearing to them while they were on their way to the village of Emmaus.
how Jesus was recognized by them
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "how they recognized Jesus" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
in the breaking of the bread
"when Jesus broke the bread" or "when Jesus tore the bread"
Luke 24:36
General Information:
Jesus appears to the disciples. When the two men previously arrived at the house where the Eleven were, Jesus was not with them.
Jesus himself
The word "himself" focuses on Jesus and the surprise of Jesus actually appearing to them. Most of them had not seen him after his resurrection. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpronouns)
in the midst of them
"among them"
Peace be to you
"May you have peace" or "May God give you peace!" The word "you" is plural. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you)
Luke 24:37
But they were terrified
"But" indicates a strong contrast. Jesus told them to be at peace, but they were very afraid instead.
terrified and filled with fear
"startled and afraid." These two phrases mean about the same thing, and are used together to emphasize their fear. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet)
supposed that they saw a spirit
"thought that they were seeing a ghost." They did not yet truly understand that Jesus was really alive.
a spirit
Here it refers to the spirit of a dead person.
Luke 24:38
Why are you troubled?
Jesus uses a question to comfort them. Alternate translation: "Do not be frightened." (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion)
Why do questions arise in your heart?
Jesus uses a question to mildly rebuke them. Jesus was telling them not to doubt that he was alive. The word "heart" is a metonym for a persons' mind. Alternate translation: "Do not doubt in your minds!" or "Stop doubting!" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
Luke 24:39
Touch me and see. For a spirit does not have flesh and bones, as you see me having
Jesus asks them to confirm by touch that he is not a ghost. It may be helpful to combine and reorder these two sentences. Alternate translation: "Touch me and feel that I have flesh and bones that a ghost would not have"
flesh and bones
This is a way of referring to the physical body.
Luke 24:40
his hands and his feet
It is understood that his hands and feet contained the nail marks from his crucifixion that would prove it was really Jesus. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "the wounds in his hands and his feet"
Luke 24:41
They still could not believe it because of joy
"They were so full of joy that they still could not believe it was really true"
Luke 24:42
General Information:
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Luke 24:43
ate it before them
Jesus does this to prove that he has a physical body. Spirits would not be able to eat food. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
before them
"in front of them" or "while they were watching"
Luke 24:44
when I was with you
"when I was with you before"
all that was written ... Psalms must be fulfilled
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God would fulfill all that was written ... Psalms" or "God would cause all that was written ... Psalms to happen" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
all that was written in the law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms
The words "law of Moses," "the Prophets," and "the Psalms" are proper names for parts of the Hebrew Bible. This can be stated in active form and using common nouns. Alternate translation: "all that Moses wrote in the law, all that the prophets wrote, and all that the writers of the Psalms wrote about me" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
Luke 24:45
Then he opened their minds, that they might understand the scriptures
To "open the mind" is an idiom that means to enable someone to understand. Alternate translation: "Then he enabled them to understand the scriptures" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom)
Luke 24:46
Thus it is written
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "This is what people long ago wrote" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
rise again from the dead
In this verse the words "rise again" mean "come alive again." The words "the dead" speak of all dead people together in the underworld.
the third day
The Jews counted any portion of a day as a day. Therefore, the day Jesus was raised was the "third day" because it followed the day of his burial and the Sabbath day. See how you translated this in Luke 24:7. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal)
Luke 24:47
Repentance and forgiveness of sins should be preached in his name to all the nations
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Followers of the Christ should preach to people in all the nations that they need to repent and that they need God to forgive their sins through Jesus" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
in his name
His "name" here refers to his authority. Alternate translation: "by the Christ's authority" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
all the nations
"all the ethnic communities" or "all the people groups"
beginning from Jerusalem
"starting in Jerusalem"
Luke 24:48
Connecting Statement:
Jesus continues speaking to the disciples.
You are witnesses
"You are to tell others that what you saw about me is true." The disciples had observed Jesus's life, death, and resurrection and could describe to other people what he did.
Luke 24:49
I am sending you what my Father promised
"I will give you what my Father promised to give you." God had promised to give the Holy Spirit. The UDB makes this explicit. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
Father
This is an important title for God. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples)
you are clothed with power
God's power will cover them in the same way that clothes cover a person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you receive power" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
from on high
"from above" or "from God"
Luke 24:50
Jesus led them out
"Jesus led the disciples outside the city"
He lifted up his hands
This was the action that priests performed when they blessed the people. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction)
Luke 24:51
It happened
"It came about." This introduces a new event in the story. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-newevent)
while he was blessing them
"while Jesus was asking God to do good to them"
was carried
Since Luke does not specify who carried Jesus up, we do not know if it was God himself or one or more angels. If your language would have to specify who did the carrying, it would be better to use "went" instead, as the UDB does. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
Luke 24:52
General Information:
These verses tell us about the ongoing actions of the disciples as the story ends. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-endofstory)
they worshiped him
"the disciples worshiped Jesus"
and returned
"and then returned"
Luke 24:53
continually in the temple
This is an exaggeration to express that they went into the temple courtyard every day. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole)
in the temple
Only priests were allowed into the temple building. Alternate translation: "in the temple courtyard" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
blessing God
"praising God"