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Luke 9
Luke 9:1
Connecting Statement:
Jesus reminds his disciples not to depend on money and their things, gives them power, and then sends them out to various places.
power and authority
These two terms are used together to show that the twelve had both the ability and the right to heal people. Translate this phrase with a combination of words that include both of these ideas.
all demons
Possible meanings are 1) "every demon" or 2) "every kind of demon."
diseases
sicknesses
Luke 9:2
sent them out
"sent them to various places" or "told them to go"
Luke 9:3
He said to them
"Jesus said to the twelve." It may be helpful to state that this happened before they went out. Alternate translation: "Before they left, Jesus said to them"
Take nothing
"Do not take anything with you" or "Do not bring anything with you"
staff
large stick that people use for balance when climbing or walking on uneven ground, as well as for defense against attackers
wallet
a bag a traveler uses for carrying what he needs on a journey
bread
This is here used as a general reference to "food."
Luke 9:4
Whatever house you enter
"Any house you enter"
stay there
"remain there" or "temporarily live in that house as a guest"
until you leave
"until you leave that town" or "until you leave that place"
Luke 9:5
Wherever they do not receive you, when you leave
"Here is what you should do in any town where people do not receive you: When you leave"
shake off the dust from your feet as a testimony against them
To "shake off the dust from your feet" was an expression of strong rejection in that culture. It showed they did not want even the dust of that town to remain on them. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction)
Luke 9:6
they departed
"they left the place were Jesus was"
healing everywhere
"healing wherever they went"
Luke 9:7
General Information:
Verses 7-9 interrupt the story to give information about Herod.
Now Herod
This phrase marks a break in the main story line. Here Luke tells background information about Herod. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background)
Herod the tetrarch
This refers to Herod Antipas, who was the ruler of one-fourth of Israel.
perplexed
unable to understand, confused
it was said by some
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "some people said" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
Luke 9:8
still others that one of the prophets of long ago had risen
The word "said" is understood from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "still others said that one of the prophets of long ago had risen" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis)
Luke 9:9
I beheaded John. Who is this
Herod assumes that it is impossible for John to rise from the dead. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "It cannot be John because I had his head cut off. So who is this man" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
I beheaded John
Herod's soldiers would have carried out executions. Alternate translation: "I commanded my soldiers to cut off John's head" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
Luke 9:10
Connecting Statement:
Though the disciples return to Jesus and they go to Bethsaida to spend time together, the crowds follow Jesus for healing and to listen to his teaching. He performs a miracle to provide bread and fish to the crowds as they return home.
apostles returned
"apostles came back to where Jesus was"
everything they had done
This refers to the teaching and healing that they did when they went to the other cities.
Bethsaida
This is the name of a city. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)
Luke 9:11
General Information:
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Luke 9:12
the day was about to come to an end
"the day was about to end" or "it was near the end of the day." The end of the day was at sunset. Alternate translation: "it was almost sunset"
Luke 9:13
five loaves of bread
A loaf of bread is a lump of dough that is shaped and baked.
two fish—unless we go and buy food for all these people
If "unless" is difficult to understand in your language, you could make a new sentence. "two fish. In order to feed all these people, we would have to go and buy food"
Luke 9:14
about five thousand men
"about 5,000 men." This number does not include the women and children who might have been present. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers)
Have them sit down
"Tell them to sit down"
fifty each
"50 each" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers)
Luke 9:15
So they did this
"This" refers to what Jesus told them to do Luke 9:14. They told the people to sit down in groups of about fifty people.
Luke 9:16
Taking the five loaves
"Jesus took the five loaves of bread"
up to heaven
This refers to looking up, toward the sky. The Jews believed that heaven was located above the sky. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
he blessed them
This refers to the loaves of bread and the fish.
to set before
"to pass out to" or "to give to"
Luke 9:17
were satisfied
This idiom means they ate enough food so they were not hungry. Alternate translation: "they had as much as they wanted to eat" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom)
Luke 9:18
Connecting Statement:
Jesus is praying, with only his disciples near him, and they begin to talk about who Jesus is. Jesus tells them that he will soon die and resurrect and urges them to follow him even if it becomes very hard to do that.
It came about
This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new event. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-newevent)
praying by himself
"praying alone." The disciples were with Jesus, but he was praying personally and privately by himself.
Luke 9:19
John the Baptist
It may be helpful to restate part of the question here. Alternate translation: "The crowds say you are John the Baptist" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis)
that one of the prophets from long ago has risen
It may be helpful to clarify how this answer relates to Jesus's question. Alternate translation: "that you are one of the prophets from long ago and have risen" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
has risen
"has come back to life"
Luke 9:20
Then he said to them
"Then Jesus said to his disciples"
Luke 9:21
he warned and instructed them
The combination of "warned" and "instructed" is a hendiadys that means "strongly warned" or "strictly instructed." Alternate translation: "he strongly warned them" or he strictly instructed them" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hendiadys)
them to tell this to no one.
"not to tell anyone." or "that they should not tell anyone." This could be stated as a direct quote. Alternate translation: "them, 'Do not tell anyone.'" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations)
Luke 9:22
The Son of Man must suffer many things
"People will cause the Son of Man to suffer greatly"
The Son of Man ... and he will
Jesus is referring to himself. Alternate translation: "I, the Son of Man ... and I will" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person)
be rejected by the elders and chief priests and scribes
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the elders, chief priests, and scribes will reject him" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
he will be killed
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will kill him" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
on the third day
"three days after he dies" or "on the third day after his death" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal)
be raised
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will make him alive again" or "he will live again" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
Luke 9:23
he said
"Jesus said"
to them all
This refers to the disciples who were with Jesus.
come after me
Coming after Jesus represents being one of his disciples. Alternate translation: "be my disciple" or "be one of my disciples" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
must deny himself
"must not give in to his own desires" or "must forsake his own desires"
take up his cross daily and follow me
"carry his cross and follow me every day." The cross represents suffering and death. Taking up the cross represents being willing to suffer and die. To follow Jesus represents obeying him. Alternate translation: "must obey me every day even to the point of suffering and dying" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
Luke 9:24
General Information:
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Luke 9:25
What good is it for a person to gain the whole world, and yet lose or forfeit himself?
The implied answer to this question is that it is not good. Alternate translation: "It will not benefit someone at all to gain the whole world, and yet lose himself." (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion)
to gain the whole world
"to get everything in the world"
lose or forfeit himself
"ruin himself or give up his life"
Luke 9:26
my words
"what I say" or "what I teach"
of him will the Son of Man be ashamed
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Son of Man will also be ashamed of him" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
the Son of Man ... when he comes in his own glory
Jesus was speaking about himself. Alternate translation: "I, the Son of Man ... when I come in my own glory" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person)
the Father
This is an important title for God. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples)
Luke 9:27
But I say to you truly
Jesus uses this phrase to emphasize the importance of what he will say next.
there are some standing here who will not taste death
"some of you who are standing here will not taste death"
before they see
Jesus was speaking to the people he was talking about. Alternate translation: "before you see" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person)
will not taste death before they see the kingdom of God
"Taste death" is an idiom that means "die." This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "will see the kingdom of God before they die" or "will see the kingdom of God before you die" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom)
Luke 9:28
Connecting Statement:
Eight days after Jesus tells his disciples that some would not die before they saw the kingdom of God, Jesus goes up the mountain to pray with Peter, James, and John, who all fall asleep while Jesus is changed to a dazzling appearance.
these words
This refers to what Jesus said to his disciples in the preceding verses.
Luke 9:29
General Information:
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Luke 9:30
Behold
The word "Behold" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. Alternate translation: "Suddenly"
Luke 9:31
who appeared in glory
This phrase gives information about how Moses and Elijah looked. Some languages would translate it as a separate clause. Alternate translation: "and they appeared in glorious splendor" or "and they were shining brightly" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-distinguish)
his departure
"his leaving" or "how Jesus would leave this world." This was a polite way of talking about his death. Alternate translation: "his death" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism)
Luke 9:32
Now
This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Luke tells information about Peter, James, and John. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background)
heavy with sleep
This idiom means "very sleepy."
they saw his glory
This refers to the brilliant light that surrounded them. Alternate translation: "they saw brilliant light coming from Jesus" or "they saw very bright light coming out of Jesus"
the two men who were standing with him
This refers to Moses and Elijah.
Luke 9:33
As they were going away
"As Moses and Elijah were going away"
shelters
simple, temporary places in which to sit or sleep
Luke 9:34
As he was saying this
"While Peter was saying these things"
they were afraid
These adult disciples were not afraid of clouds. This phrase indicates that some kind of unusual fear came over them with the cloud. Alternate translation: "they were terrified" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
they entered into the cloud
This can be expressed in terms of what the cloud did. Alternate translation: "the cloud surrounded them"
Luke 9:35
A voice came out of the cloud
It is understood that the voice could only have belonged to God. Alternate translation: "God spoke to them from the cloud" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
Son
This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples)
the one who is chosen
This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: "the one I have chosen" or "I have chosen him" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
Luke 9:36
They kept silent ... what they had seen
This is information that tells what happened after the story as a result of the events in the story itself. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-endofstory)
kept silent ... told no one
The first phrase refers to their immediate response, and the second refers to what they did in the following days.
Luke 9:37
Connecting Statement:
The next day after Jesus's dazzling appearance, Jesus heals a demon-possessed boy that the disciples were unable to make better.
Luke 9:38
Behold, a man from the crowd
The word "behold" alerts us to the new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. English uses "There was a man in the crowd who" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-participants)
Luke 9:39
You see, a spirit
The phrase "You see" introduces us to the evil spirit in the man's story. Your language may have a way of doing this. Alternate translation: "There is an evil spirit that" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-participants)
he foams at the mouth
"foam comes out of his mouth." When a person has a seizure, he can have trouble breathing or swallowing. This causes white foam to form around his mouth.
Luke 9:40
General Information:
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Luke 9:41
Jesus answered and said
"Jesus answered by saying"
You unbelieving and perverse generation
Jesus says this to the crowd that has gathered, and not to his disciples.
perverse generation
"corrupt generation"
how long must I be with you and put up with you?
Here "you" is plural. Jesus uses these questions to express his sadness that the people do not believe. They can be written as statements. Alternate translation: "I have been with you so long, yet you do not believe. I wonder how long I must put up with you." (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion)
Bring your son here
Here "your" is singular. Jesus is speaking directly to the father who addressed him. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you)
Luke 9:42
General Information:
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Luke 9:43
they were all amazed at the greatness of God
Jesus performed the miracle, but the crowd recognized that God was the power behind the healing.
everything he was doing
"everything Jesus was doing"
Luke 9:44
Let these words go deeply into your ears
This is an idiom that means they should pay attention. Alternate translation: "Listen carefully and remember" or "Do not forget this" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom)
The Son of Man will be betrayed into the hands of men
This can be stated with an active clause. Here "hands" refers to power or control. Alternate translation: "Someone will betray the Son of Man and put him under the control of men" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
The Son of Man will be betrayed into the hands of men
Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. The word "hands" is a synecdoche for the people whose hands they are or a metonym for the power that uses those hands. You may need to make explicit who these men are. Alternate translation: "I, the Son of Man will be betrayed into the hands of men" or "The Son of Man will be betrayed into the power of his enemies" or "I, the Son of Man will be betrayed to my enemies" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
Luke 9:45
It was hidden from them
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God hid the meaning from them" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
Luke 9:46
General Information:
The disciples begin to argue about who will be the most powerful among them.
among them
"among the disciples"
Luke 9:47
knowing the reasoning in their hearts
Here "hearts" is a metonym for their minds. Alternate translation: "knowing the reasoning in their minds" or "knowing what they were thinking" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
Luke 9:48
in my name
This refers to a person doing something as a representative of Jesus. Alternate translation: "because of me" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
in my name, welcomes me
This metaphor could also be stated as a simile. Alternate translation: "in my name, it is like he is welcoming me" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
the one who sent me
"God, who sent me"
the one who is great
"the one whom God considers to be most important"
Luke 9:49
John answered
"In reply, John said" or "John replied to Jesus." John was responding to what Jesus had said about being the greatest. He was not answering a question.
we saw
John speaks of himself but not Jesus, so "we" here is exclusive. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive)
in your name
This means the person was speaking with the power and authority of Jesus. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
Luke 9:50
Do not stop him
This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: "Allow him to continue"
whoever is not against you is for you
Some modern languages have sayings that mean the same thing. Alternate translation: "if a person does not keep you from working, it is as if he were helping you" or "if someone is not working against you, he is working with you"
Luke 9:51
General Information:
It is now obvious that Jesus has decided to go to Jerusalem.
When the days drew near for him to be taken up
Here "be taken up" implies that Jesus will be taken up to heaven. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "When the time was coming for him to go up heaven" or "When it was almost time for him to leave this world" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
set his face
This idiom means he "firmly decided." Alternate translation: "made up his mind" or "decided" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom)
Luke 9:52
to prepare everything for him
This means to make arrangements for his arrival there, possibly including a place to speak, a place to stay, and food.
Luke 9:53
did not welcome him
"did not want him to stay"
because he had set his face to go to Jerusalem
The Samaritans and the Jews hated each other. Therefore the Samaritans would not help Jesus on his journey to Jerusalem, the Jewish capital. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
Luke 9:54
saw this
"saw that the Samaritans did not receive Jesus"
command fire to come down from heaven and destroy them
James and John suggested this method of judgment because they knew that this was how the prophets such as Elijah had judged people who rejected God. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
Luke 9:55
he turned and rebuked them
"Jesus turned and rebuked James and John." Jesus did not condemn the Samaritans as the disciples expected.
Luke 9:56
General Information:
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Luke 9:57
someone
This was not one of the disciples.
Luke 9:58
Foxes have holes ... nowhere to lay his head
Jesus responds with a proverb to teach the man about being Jesus's disciple. Jesus implies that if the man were to follow him, that man too might not have a home. Alternate translation: "Foxes have holes ... nowhere to lay his head. So do not expect that you will have a home" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-proverbs and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
Foxes
These are land animals similar to small dogs. They sleep in a den or a burrow in the ground.
birds in the sky
"birds that fly in the air"
the Son of Man has ... his head
Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. Alternate translation: "I, the Son of Man, have ... my head" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person)
nowhere to lay his head
"nowhere to rest my head" or "nowhere to sleep." Jesus exaggerates to emphasize that he has no permanent home and that people did not often invite him to stay with them. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole)
Luke 9:59
Connecting Statement:
Jesus continues to talk with the people along the road.
Follow me
By saying this Jesus is asking the person to become his disciple and to go with him.
first let me go and bury my father
It is unclear whether the man's father has died and he will bury him immediately, or if the man wants to stay for a longer amount of time until his father dies so he can bury him then. The main point is the man wants to do something else first before he follows Jesus.
first let me go
"before I do that, let me go"
Luke 9:60
Leave the dead to bury their own dead
Jesus does not mean literally that dead people will bury other dead people. Possible meanings of "the dead" are 1) it is a metaphor for those who will soon die, or 2) it is a metaphor for those who do not follow Jesus and are spiritually dead. The main point is that a disciple must not let anything delay him from following Jesus. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
the dead
This refers to dead people in general. Alternate translation: "the dead people" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj)
Luke 9:61
I will follow you
"I will join you as a disciple" or "I am ready to follow you"
first let me say goodbye to those in my home
"before I do that, let me tell my people at my home that I am leaving"
Luke 9:62
No one ... fit for the kingdom of God
Jesus responds with a proverb to teach the man about being his disciple. Jesus means that a person is not suitable for the kingdom to God if he focuses on people in his past instead of following Jesus. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-proverbs and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
No one who puts his hand to the plow
Here "puts his hand to" something is an idiom that means the person starts to do something. Alternate translation: "No one who starts to plow his field" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom and rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown)
looks back
Anyone who is looking back while plowing cannot guide the plow where it needs to go. That person must focus on looking forward in order to plow well.
fit for the kingdom of God
"useful for the kingdom of God" or "suitable for the kingdom of God"