en_tn/tNotes/Judges/Judges_04.md

Judges 4

Judges 4:1

Ehud

See how you translated this man's name in Judges 3:15.

what was evil in the sight of Yahweh

The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in Judges 2:11. Alternate translation: "what was evil in Yahweh's judgment" or "what Yahweh considered to be evil" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)

Judges 4:2

Yahweh sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan

Here "hand" refers to Jabin's power over Israel. Yahweh's decision to give Jabin power over them is spoken of as if Yahweh had sold them to Jabin. Alternate translation: "Yahweh allowed them to be defeated by the power of Jabin king of Canaan" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)

Jabin ... Sisera

These are the names of men (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)

Hazor ... Harosheth Haggoyim

These are the names of cities or places (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)

Judges 4:3

nine hundred iron chariots

"900 iron chariots" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers)

twenty years

"20 years"

Judges 4:4

Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the narrator tells background information about Deborah. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background)

Deborah

This is the name of a woman (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)

Lappidoth

This is the name of a man (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)

judge

God appointed judges to lead the Israelites in times of trouble. Often the judges rescued them from their enemies.

Judges 4:5

palm of Deborah

This tree was named after Deborah.

Judges 4:6

General Information:

The writer of Judges refers to men, a city, a mountain, and a river by their names. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)

Barak ... Abinoam

These are the names of men. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)

Mount Tabor

This is the name of a mountain. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)

ten thousand men

"10,000 men" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers)

Judges 4:7

I will draw out

Here "I" refers to God.

draw out Sisera

Here "Sisera" represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: "draw out Sisera and his army" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche)

draw out

to cause people to come away from a safe location

Sisera ... Jabin

See how you translated these men's names in Judges 4:2.

Kishon

This is the name of a river. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)

Judges 4:8

General Information:

Barak has a discussion with Deborah.

Barak

See how you translated this man's name in Judges 4:6.

Judges 4:9

the road on which you are going will not lead to your honor

The choice Barak makes is spoken of as if Barak were choosing a road on which to travel. And, "honor" is spoken of as if it were a destination to which one travels. Alternate translation: "no one will honor you for what you do" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)

for Yahweh will sell Sisera into the hand of a woman

Here "hand" refers to her power to kill him. Alternate translation: "for Yahweh will cause a woman to defeat Sisera" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)

Sisera

See how you translated this man's name in Judges 4:2.

Deborah

See how you translated this woman's name in Judges 4:4.

Judges 4:10

Ten thousand men

"10,000 men" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers)

Judges 4:11

Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the narrator tells background information about Heber the Kenite. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background)

Heber ... Hobab

These are the names of men. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)

Kenite

See how you translated this in Judges 1:16

Moses's father-in-law

"the father of Moses's wife"

Zaanannim

This is the name of a city. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)

Judges 4:12

When they told Sisera

Here "they" does not identify anyone specifically. Alternate translation: "When someone told Sisera"

Sisera

See how you translated this man's name in Judges 4:2.

Barak ... Abinoam ... Mount Tabor

See how you translated these names in Judges 4:6.

Judges 4:13

Sisera called out all his chariots

Here "chariots" represents the soldiers who drove the chariots. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)

nine hundred iron chariots

"900 iron chariots" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers)

Harosheth Haggoyim

See how you translated the name of this city in Judges 4:2.

Kishon River

See how you translated this in Judges 4:7.

Judges 4:14

Yahweh has given you victory

Because Deborah is certain of victory, she speaks as if Barak had already won the battle. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will give you victory" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pastforfuture)

Is not Yahweh leading you?

Deborah asks this question to remind Barak that they fight on the side of Yahweh. Alternate translation: "Remember, Yahweh is leading you." (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion)

with ten thousand

"with 10,000" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers)

Judges 4:15

Yahweh confused Sisera and all his chariots and all his army

"Yahweh made Sisera and all his chariots and all his army unable to think clearly" or "Yahweh made Sisera and all his chariots and all his army panic"

all his chariots

Here the word "chariots" is a metonym for the soldiers driving the chariots. Alternate translation: "all the men driving chariots" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)

Judges 4:16

Barak pursued

Here "Barak" represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: "Barak and his soldiers chased" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche)

Harosheth

Translate this the same way you did in Judges 4:2.

the whole army of Sisera was killed by the edge of the sword

Here "sword" represents the swords and other weapons that the soldiers used in battle. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Barak and his soldiers killed Sisera's whole army with their swords" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)

Judges 4:17

Sisera ... Jabin ... Hazor

See how you translated these names in Judges 4:2.

ran away on foot

This is an idiom that means he was walking rather than riding a horse or in a chariot. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom)

Jael

This is the name of a woman. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)

Heber

See how you translated this man's name in Judges 4:11.

Kenite

See how you translated this in Judges 1:16.

Judges 4:18

Turn aside

This means to change course during a journey in order to rest. Alternate translation: "Come here" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)

blanket

a large covering for the body to sleep under for warmth, made of wool or animal skins

Judges 4:19

He said to her

"Sisera said to Jael"

Judges 4:20

General Information:

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Judges 4:21

tent peg

a pointed piece of wood or metal, like a large nail, that is hammered into the ground to hold down a corner of a tent

hammer

a heavy tool made of wood used to hit a tent peg into the ground

a deep sleep

Like a person in a deep hole cannot easily climb out, a person in a deep sleep cannot easily wake up. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)

Judges 4:22

Barak was pursuing

"Barak was chasing" or "Barak was following after"

Judges 4:23

God defeated Jabin, the king of Canaan, before the people of Israel

God causing the Israelites to defeat Jabin and his army is spoken of as is God himself defeated Jabin as the people of Israel watched. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)

Judges 4:24

The might

"The military power"

they destroyed him

Here "him" refers to Jabin who represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: "they destroyed Jabin and his army" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche)