See in Reader
9.9 KiB
Isaiah 32
Isaiah 32:1
Look
This word is used here to draw peoples' attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: "Listen"
Isaiah 32:2
Each one will be like a shelter from the wind and a refuge from the storm
This compares the king and princes who protect the people to a shelter. Alternate translation: "the rulers will protect the people like a shelter does in a storm" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile)
like streams of water in a dry place
This is another comparison that means that the rulers will provide for the needs of the people. Alternate translation: "they will provide for the people like streams of water in a dry place" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile)
like the shade of a great rock in a land of weariness
This is another comparison that means that the rulers will provide comfort and rest for the people. Alternate translation: "they will provide rest for the people like a huge rock gives shade to weary people" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile)
Isaiah 32:3
Then the eyes ... attentively
Both of these phrases emphasize that the leaders will enable the people to understand God's truth. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
will not be dim
"will see clearly"
Isaiah 32:4
General Information:
Isaiah continues describing the people after God restores righteous rulers in Judah (Isaiah 32:1-3).
The rash ... the stutterer
This refers to people who act rashly and people who stutter. Alternate translation: "The rash person ... the stuttering person" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj)
Isaiah 32:5
The fool will no longer be called honorable
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "No one will give honor to the fool" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
nor the deceiver called principled
This can be stated in active form. "The deceiver" refers to a person who is deceptive. Alternate translation: "nor will anyone show respect to the person who deceives" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj)
Isaiah 32:6
For the fool speaks folly, and his heart plans evil
"The fool" refers to foolish people. Also, "folly" and "evil" may be expressed as adjectives. Alternate translation: "For the foolish person says foolish things and his heart plans evil things" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns)
his heart plans evil
Here the foolish person is referred to by his heart to emphasize his inner thoughts. Alternate translation: "he plans evil things in his heart" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche)
He makes
The word "he" refers to the foolish person.
the hungry empty
"The hungry" refers to hungry people. They are hungry because they have empty stomachs. Alternate translation: "the hungry person have an empty stomach" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
the thirsty he causes to lack drink
"The thirsty" refers to people who are thirsty. Alternate translation: "he causes the thirsty person to have nothing to drink" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj)
Isaiah 32:7
The deceiver's
This refers to a person who deceives others. Alternate translation: "The deceptive person's" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj)
to ruin the poor with lies
"The poor" refers to poor people. Also, the phrase "to ruin" does not means to kill them but to harm them by telling lies about them. Alternate translation: "to harm the poor people by telling lies" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj)
Isaiah 32:8
he will stand
This means that he will be successful. Alternate translation: "he will be successful" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom)
Isaiah 32:9
Rise up
"Stand up" or "Pay attention"
at ease
"secure" or "carefree"
my voice
Isaiah refers to himself by his voice to emphasize what he says. Alternate translation: "me speak" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
Isaiah 32:10
your confidence will be broken
This can be stated in active form. Also, Isaiah speaks of them no longer being confident as if their confidence were a physical object that is broken. Alternate translation: "you will no longer be confident" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
the grape harvest will fail
This means that there would not be good grapes to harvest. Alternate translation: "there will be no grapes for you to harvest" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
the ingathering will not come
"the time for gathering crops will not happen"
Isaiah 32:11
General Information:
Isaiah continues speaking.
Tremble
shake from fear
at ease
"secure" or "carefree"
take off your fine clothes and make yourselves bare
Here "bare" does not necessarily mean naked, but to wear minimal covering such as undergarments. Alternate translation: "take off you fine clothes and make yourself unclothed" or "take off your fancy clothes" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
put on sackcloth around your waists
This is an act of grieving or mourning. Alternate translation: "put sackcloth around waists as you grieve" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction)
Isaiah 32:12
You will wail for the pleasant fields, for the fruitful vines
This means that they will cry out loudly as they grieve what happens to their fruitful fields and vines. Alternate translation: "You will wail because of what happens to your pleasant fields and fruitful vines" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
Isaiah 32:13
thorns and briers
See how you translated this phrase in Isaiah 5:6.
the once joyful houses
Here the houses are described as joyful because of the joyful people in them. Alternate translation: "your houses where you were once joyful" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification)
the city of revelry
"your joyful city." The word "revelry" means celebrating and partying.
Isaiah 32:14
General Information:
Isaiah continues speaking.
For the palace will be forsaken, the crowded city will be deserted
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For the people will forsake the palace and the crowds will abandon the city" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
the hill
This refers to the fort built on the top of the hill. Alternate translation: "the fort on the hill" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
the hill and the watchtower will become caves
This speaks of the fort and the watchtower being abandoned as if they became caves. Alternate translation: "the hill and the watchtower will become abandoned and empty" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
a joy of wild donkeys, a pasture of flocks
This means the these animals will enjoy the grass that grows among the abandon fort and watchtower. Alternate translation: "the wild donkeys and the flocks of sheep will eat the grass there" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
forever
This is an exaggeration for a very long time. Alternate translation: "an extremely long time" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole)
Isaiah 32:15
until the Spirit is poured
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "until Yahweh pours the Spirit" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
the Spirit is poured on us
This speaks of Yahweh giving him Spirit to his people as if his Spirit were a liquid that he would pour on them. Alternate translation: "the Spirit is given to us" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
from on high
Here heaven is referred to as "on high." Alternate translation: "from heaven" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
the fruitful field is considered as a forest
This can be written in active form. This compares how overly bountiful the fruitful fields are by comparing them to a thick, dense forest. Alternate translation: "people will say that the fruitful fields have grown thick like a forest" or "the fruitful fields will be overly bountiful" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile)
Isaiah 32:16
General Information:
Isaiah continues speaking.
justice will reside ... righteousness will live
Isaiah describes "justice" and "righteousness" as a person who lives in these places. This means the people who live in these places will do what is just and right. Alternate translation: "people will act justly in the wilderness and people will act righteously in the fertile fields (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification)
Isaiah 32:17
The work of righteousness will be peace; and the result of righteousness, quietness and confidence forever
These two phrases are parallel and both give results of righteousness. These can be combined. Alternate translation: "The result of people acting righteously is that there will be peace, and quietness, and confidence forever" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism)
Isaiah 32:18
habitation
place where people live
Isaiah 32:19
hail
See how you translated this in Isaiah 28:2.
hail flattens the forest and the city is completely leveled,
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "hail destroys the forest and completely destroys the city" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
Isaiah 32:20
you will be blessed when you sow your seed beside every stream and let the foot of the ox and donkey range free
This can be stated in active form. This refers to Yahweh blessing all of his people and speaks of the things that are normal for his people to do. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will bless you when you plant your crops in fields alongside the streams and as you send out your ox and donkey to graze in the pasture" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)