See in Reader
16 KiB
Ezekiel 27
Ezekiel 27:1
the word of Yahweh came
This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in Ezekiel 3:16. Alternate translation: "Yahweh spoke this message" or "Yahweh spoke these words" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom)
Ezekiel 27:2
son of man
"son of a human being" or "son of humanity." God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. Alternate translation: "mortal person" or "human"
begin a lamentation
The abstract noun "lamentation" can be translated using the verb "lament." Alternate translation: "begin to lament" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns)
Ezekiel 27:3
say to Tyre
Here the word "Tyre" represents the people living in Tyre. Alternate translation: "say to the people of Tyre" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
who lives within the gates of the sea
"who lives at the gates of the sea" or "who lives at the entry to the sea"
Tyre, you have said
Here the word "Tyre" represents the people living in Tyre. Alternate translation: "People of Tyre, you have said" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
I am perfect in beauty
The abstract noun "beauty" can be translated using the adjective "beautiful." Alternate translation: "I am perfectly beautiful" or "I am entirely beautiful" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns)
Ezekiel 27:4
General Information:
"Your" and "you" in these verses refer to Tyre. The city of Tyre is described here and in the following verses as if it were a beautiful ship. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
Connecting Statement:
Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
Your borders
"Your boundaries"
heart of the seas
"middle of the seas"
Ezekiel 27:5
planks
long, flat pieces of wood; thick boards
a mast
a large pole on a ship that holds up the sails of the ship
Ezekiel 27:6
General Information:
"They" in these verses refers to the builders of Tyre. "Your" refers to Tyre.
Connecting Statement:
Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre. The city of Tyre continues to be described as if it were a beautiful ship. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
oars
long pieces of wood with flat blades at one end that people use to make a boat move
decks
the parts of the boat that people can walk on
overlaid them
"covered them"
ivory
a white, beautiful, and hard material that is made from the long teeth of some animals
Ezekiel 27:7
sails
large pieces of cloth that move a ship when the wind blows on them
Your sails were made from colorful linen from Egypt that served as your banner
The sails of the ship are compared to the banners or flags of Tyre. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile)
Ezekiel 27:8
General Information:
The words "you" and "your" in these verses refer to Tyre.
Connecting Statement:
Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre. The city of Tyre continues to be described as if it were a beautiful ship. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
Arvad
This is the name of a small island off the coast of Syria. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)
sages of Tyre
"wise men of Tyre"
pilots
A pilot is a person who controls where a ship goes by steering the ship.
Ezekiel 27:9
Byblos
This is the name of a city on the Syrian coast. Other versions call it by the name "Gebal." (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names and rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-textvariants)
filled your seams
"repaired your cracks" or "repaired your leaks"
sailors
A sailor is one of the team of workers on a ship.
Ezekiel 27:10
General Information:
The words "you" and "your" in these verses refer to Tyre.
Connecting Statement:
Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
Persia, Lydia ... Libya
These are the names of places. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)
your men of war
"men who fought in your wars" or "serving as your warriors"
your splendor
The abstract noun "splendor" can be translated using the adjective "splendid." Alternate translation: "how splendid you were" or "how majestic you were" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns)
Ezekiel 27:11
Arvad ... Helek ... Gammad
These are the names of places. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)
They completed your beauty
The abstract noun "beauty" can be translated using the adjective "beautiful." Alternate translation: "They finished making you beautiful" or "They made you perfectly beautiful" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns)
Ezekiel 27:12
General Information:
The word "your" in these verses refers to Tyre.
Connecting Statement:
Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
Silver, iron, tin, and lead
metals that were used during that time period
your wares
"the things you offered for sale"
Ezekiel 27:13
Javan
This is the name of a coastal region also known as Ionia. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)
They handled your merchandise
"They traded for your merchandise"
Ezekiel 27:14
General Information:
The word "your" in these verses refers to Tyre.
Connecting Statement:
Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
Beth Togarmah
the name of a place (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)
stallions
adult male horses
Ezekiel 27:15
Rhodes
This is the name of a place. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)
Merchandise was in your hand
Having things in the hands here is probably a metaphor for carrying those things or having them in their possession. Alternate translation: "You owned things that you sold to them" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
horn
This refers to the tusks or elongated teeth of certain animals.
ebony
a dark brown to black hardwood that is very dense or heavy
Ezekiel 27:16
General Information:
The words "you" and "your" in these verses refer to Tyre.
Connecting Statement:
Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
Aram was a dealer
Here "Aram" refers to the people of Aram. Alternate translation: "The people of Aram were dealers" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
dealer
"trader"
emeralds
An emerald is a type of green precious stone.
purple
Here purple cloth or yarn is referred to by just its color. Alternate translation: "purple cloth" or "purple yarn" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj)
pearls
beautiful beads of hard white material that come from creatures in the sea
rubies
A ruby is a type of red precious stone.
Ezekiel 27:17
Judah and the land of Israel were trading with you
Here "Judah and the land of Israel" refers to the people of those places. Alternate translation: "The people of Judah and Israel were trading with you" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
Minnith
This is the name of a place. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)
cakes
The meaning of the Hebrew word translated here as "cakes" is uncertain. Other versions may translate it as another type of food.
balsam
a sweet-smelling gum or resin that comes from a tree
Ezekiel 27:18
Helbon ... Zahar
names of places (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)
enormous wealth
"abundant wealth" or "great wealth"
Ezekiel 27:19
General Information:
The words "you" and "your" in these verses refer to Tyre.
Connecting Statement:
Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
Dan ... Javan ... Izal
These are names of places. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)
Dan and Javan
This is a metonym for the people of Dan and Javan. Alternate translation: "The people of Dan and Javan" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
wrought iron
a form of iron that can be shaped with a hammer
cinnamon
This is a type of spice that comes from the bark of a tree. "Cassia" is another name for this spice. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown)
calamus
a type of grass that people used as perfume and for medicine (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown)
Ezekiel 27:20
Dedan was
This is a metonym for the people of Dedan. Alternate translation: "The people of Dedan were" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
saddle blankets
A saddle blanket is a piece of cloth that people place on a horse beneath a saddle or seat.
Ezekiel 27:21
Arabia ... Kedar
These are names of places. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)
Arabia
This is a metonym for the people of Arabia. Alternate translation: "The people of Arabia" or "The Arabians" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
Ezekiel 27:22
General Information:
The words "you" and "your" in these verses refer to Tyre.
Connecting Statement:
Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
Sheba ... Raamah
These are the names of places. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)
precious gems
"valuable stones"
Ezekiel 27:23
Haran, Kanneh, and Eden were traders with you, along with Sheba, Ashur, and Kilmad
This refers to the people from these places. Alternate translation: "The people of Haran, Kanneh, and Eden were traders with you, along with the people of Sheba, Ashur, and Kilmad" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
Haran ... Kanneh ... Eden ... Sheba ... Ashur ... Kilmad
These are the names of places. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)
Ezekiel 27:24
General Information:
The words "you" and "your" in these verses refer to Tyre.
Connecting Statement:
Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
These were your dealers
"They traded with you"
ornate robes of violet cloths with woven colors
"purple robes with many different colors"
blankets of multicolored, embroidered, and well-woven cloth
"blankets with many colors that had designs and were of high quality"
Ezekiel 27:25
The ships of Tarshish were the transporters of your merchandise
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The ships of Tarshish carried your merchandise" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
you were filled up, heavily laden with cargo
Tyre's abundance is spoken of as if it was a ship that was full of cargo. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
heart of the seas
"middle of the seas." See how you translated this in Ezekiel 27:4.
Ezekiel 27:26
General Information:
The words "you" and "your" in these verses refer to Tyre. The city of Tyre is described here and in the following verses as if it were a wrecked ship. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
Connecting Statement:
Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
Your rowers
"The people that row you"
vast seas
"great waters"
the eastern wind
"the strong wind from the east"
middle of them
"heart of the seas" or "middle of the seas." See how you translated this in Ezekiel 27:4.
Ezekiel 27:27
sailors
men who sail boats
depths of the sea
"heart of the seas" or "middle of the seas." See how you translated this in Ezekiel 27:4.
on the day of your destruction
The abstract noun "destruction" can be translated using the verb "destroy." Alternate translation: "at the time you are destroyed" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns)
Ezekiel 27:28
General Information:
The words "you" and "your" in these verses refer to Tyre.
Connecting Statement:
Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre. The city of Tyre continues to be described as if it were a wrecked ship. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
Cities at the sea will tremble
Here "Cities at the sea" represents the people in those cities. Alternate translation: "The people of the cities by the sea will tremble" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
Ezekiel 27:29
All those who handle oars
"All the rowers"
Ezekiel 27:30
wail bitterly
"cry out sadly"
they will cast dust up on their heads. They will roll about in ashes
These are expressions of grieving and mourning. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction)
Ezekiel 27:31
General Information:
The word "they" in these verses refer to the people mentioned in verses 28 and 29. The words "you" and "your" refer to Tyre.
Connecting Statement:
Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre. The city of Tyre continues to be described as if it were a wrecked ship. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
They will shave their heads bald for you and bind themselves with sackcloth
These are expressions of grieving and mourning. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction)
bald
having no hair on the head
Ezekiel 27:32
They will lift up their wails of lamentation
The abstract noun "lamentation" can be translated using the verb "lament." Alternate translation: "They will cry out and lament" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns)
sing dirges
"sing funeral songs"
Who is like Tyre, who has now been brought to silence in the middle of the sea?
This question expects a negative answer and emphasizes Tyre being different from all other cities. It can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "No other city is like Tyre, who has now been brought to silence in the middle of the sea." (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion)
who has now been brought to silence
This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "who its enemies have now silenced" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
Ezekiel 27:33
When your merchandise went ashore
This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "When people brought your merchandise ashore" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
ashore
"onto the land"
you enriched the kings of the earth
"you made the kings of the earth rich"
Ezekiel 27:34
General Information:
The words "you" and "your" in these verses refer to Tyre.
Connecting Statement:
Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre. The city of Tyre continues to be described as if it were a wrecked ship. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
when you were shattered by the seas, by deep waters
This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "when the seas, the deep waters, shattered you" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
shattered
To "shatter" is to break up into pieces.
crew
team of workers
Ezekiel 27:35
were appalled at you
"were shocked and terrified by what happened to you"
their kings shuddered in horror
The abstract noun "horror" can be translated using the adverb "fearfully." Alternate translation: "their kings shuddered fearfully" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns)
shuddered
"shook, trembled with fear"
Their faces trembled
Here "faces" represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "They appear to be trembling" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
Ezekiel 27:36
hiss at you
Hissing was making a whistling sound through the teeth. It may have been out of dismay, grief, or surprise. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction)
you have become a horror
The abstract noun "horror" can be translated using the adjective "dreadful." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you have become dreadful" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns)