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Exodus 15
Exodus 15:1
General Information:
This is a song about the events that happened in Exodus 14:26-28.
he has triumphed gloriously
It can be stated explicitly over whom Yahweh triumphed. Alternate translation: "he has achieved a glorious victory over the army of Egypt" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
the horse and its rider he has thrown into the sea
Moses sang about God causing the sea to cover and drown the horse and rider as if God had thrown them into the sea. Alternate translation: "he has made the sea cover over the horse and rider" or "he has made the horse and rider drown in the sea" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
the horse and its rider
This refers to all or many of the Egyptian horses and riders that were chasing the Israelites. Alternate translation: "the horses and their riders" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun)
rider
This is a person who sits on a horse or travels in a chariot that a horse is pulling.
Exodus 15:2
Yahweh is my strength
Possible meanings are 1) "Yahweh is the one who gives me strength" or 2) "Yahweh is the strong one who protects me." (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
song
Moses calls Yahweh his song because Yahweh is the one he sings about. Alternate translation: "the one I sing about" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
he has become my salvation
Moses calls God his salvation because God saved him. Alternate translation: "he has saved me" or "he is the one who saves me" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
Exodus 15:3
Yahweh is a warrior
Moses calls God a warrior because God powerfully fought against the Egyptians and won. Alternate translation: "Yahweh is like a warrior" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
Exodus 15:4
He has thrown Pharaoh's chariots and army into the sea
Moses sings about God causing the sea to cover Pharaohs chariots and army as if God had thrown them into the sea. Alternate translation: "he has made the sea cover over Pharaoh's chariots and army" or "He has made Pharaoh's chariot riders and army drown in the sea" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
Exodus 15:5
they went down into the depths like a stone
Just as a stone does not float but sinks to the bottom of the sea, the enemy soldiers sank to the bottom of the sea. Alternate translation: "they went down into the deep water like a stone sinking to the bottom of the sea" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile)
Exodus 15:6
Your right hand, Yahweh, is glorious in power
Moses speaks of God as if God had hands. The right hand refers to God's power or the things God does powerfully. Alternate translation: "Yahweh, your power is glorious" or "Yahweh, what you do is glorious in power" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
your right hand, Yahweh, has shattered the enemy
Moses speaks of God as if God had hands. The right hand refers to God's power. Alternate translation: "Yahweh, your power has shattered the enemy" or "Yahweh, by your power you have shattered the enemy" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
has shattered the enemy
Moses speaks of the enemy as if it were fragile and could be shattered like glass or pottery. Alternate translation: "has completely destroyed the enemy" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
Exodus 15:7
those who rose up against you
Rebelling against God is spoken of as rising up against him. Alternate translation: "those who rebelled against you" or "your enemies" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
You sent out your wrath
Moses speaks of God's wrath as if it were a servant that God sent out to do something. Alternate translation: "You showed your wrath" or "You acted according to your wrath" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification)
it consumed them like stubble
Moses speaks of God's wrath as if it were fire that could completely burn up things. His enemies were completely destroyed like stubble in a fire. Alternate translation: "it completely destroyed your enemies like a fire that burns up straw" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile)
Exodus 15:8
By the blast of your nostrils
Moses speaks of God as if God had a nose, and he speaks of the wind as if God blew the wind from his nose. Alternate translation: "You blew on the sea and" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification)
Exodus 15:9
my desire will be satisfied on them
This can be expressed with an active form. Alternate translation: "I will satisfy my desire on them" or "I will take all I want from them" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
my hand will destroy them
The enemies speak of destroying the Israelites by the power of their hands as if it were their hands that would destroy them. Alternate translation: "I will destroy them with my hand" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
Exodus 15:10
But you blew with your wind
Moses spoke about God making the wind blow as if God blew the wind through his nose or mouth. Alternate translation: "But you made the wind blow" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
sank like lead in the mighty waters
Lead is a heavy metal that is commonly used to make things sink in water. The word "lead" here is used to show how fast God's enemies were destroyed. Alternate translation: "sank as fast as lead in the deep turbulent waters" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile)
Exodus 15:11
Who is like you, Yahweh, among the gods?
Moses uses this question to show how great God is. Alternate translation: "O Yahweh, no one is like you among the gods!" or "Yahweh, none of the gods is like you!" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion)
Who is like you, ... doing miracles?
Moses uses this question to show how great God is. Alternate translation: No one is like you. No one is majestic in holiness as you are, no one is honored in praises as you are, and no one does miracles as you do!" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion)
Exodus 15:12
with your right hand
The phrase "right hand" represents the strong power of God. Alternate translation: "with your strong power" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
You reached out with your right hand
Moses speaks about God causing something to happen as if God reached out with his hand. Alternate translation: "With your strong power you made it happen" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
the earth swallowed them
Moses personifies the earth as if it could swallow or devour with it's mouth. Alternate translation: "the earth devoured them" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification)
Exodus 15:13
General Information:
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Exodus 15:14
tremble
This means to shake because you are afraid.
terror will seize the inhabitants of Philistia
Moses speaks of terror as if it were a person that could forcefully grab hold of someone and make them extremely afraid. Alternate translation: "the inhabitants of Philistia will be afraid" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification)
Exodus 15:15
will melt away
Moses speaks of people becoming weak from their fear as melting away. Alternate translation: "will be weak from fear" or "will be afraid and faint" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
Exodus 15:16
Connecting Statement:
Moses continues to sing about how the people of other nations will feel when they see God's people.
Terror and dread will fall on them
These two words mean that fear will come upon them. Alternate translation: "Fear will come upon them" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet)
dread
Dread is extreme fear or anxiety about something that is going to happen or might happen.
Because of your arm's power
God's arm represents his great strength. Alternate translation: "Because of your great strength" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
they will become as still as a stone
Possible meanings are 1) "They will be silent like stone" or 2) "They will be motionless as stone" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile)
Exodus 15:17
You will bring them
Where God would bring them can be stated clearly. Since Moses was not already in Canaan, some languages would use "take" rather than "bring." Alternate translation: "You will take your people to Canaan" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-go)
plant them on the mountain
Moses speaks about God giving his people the land to live in as if they were a tree that God was planting. Alternate translation: "settle them on the mountain" or "let them live on the mountain" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
the mountain of your inheritance
This refers to Mount Zion in the land of Canaan.
of your inheritance
Moses speaks about God promising to give his people the mountain forever as if he were giving it to them as an inheritance. Alternate translation: "that you have given them as an inheritance" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
that your hands have built
The phrase "your hands" refers to God's power. Alternate translation: "that you have built by your power" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-pastforfuture)
Exodus 15:18
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Exodus 15:19
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Exodus 15:20
Miriam ... Aaron
Miriam was the older sister of Moses and Aaron. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)
tambourine
This is a musical instrument like a small drum that also has pieces of metal around the side that make a sound when shaken. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown)
Exodus 15:21
he has triumphed gloriously
It can be stated explicitly over whom Yahweh triumphed. See how you translated this in Exodus 15:1. Alternate translation: "he has achieved a glorious victory over the army of Egypt" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit)
The horse and his rider he has thrown into the sea
Miriam sang about God causing the sea to cover and drown the horse and rider as if God had thrown them into the sea. See how you translated this in Exodus 15:1. Alternate translation: "He has made the horse and rider drown in the sea" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
Exodus 15:22
Moses led Israel
The word "Israel" represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "Moses led the Israelite people" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
wilderness of Shur
We do not know the exact locations of this place. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)
Exodus 15:23
Marah
We do not know the exact locations of this place. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)
Exodus 15:24
complained to Moses and said
"were unhappy and told Moses" or "angrily told Moses"
Exodus 15:25
General Information:
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Exodus 15:26
the voice of Yahweh your God
Yahweh is speaking about his own voice. His voice represents what he says. Alternate translation: "my voice" or "what I say" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
do what is right in his eyes
The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: "do what Yahweh considers to be right"(See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
I will put on you none of the diseases
God speaks of causing people to have diseases as putting diseases on them. Alternate translation: "I will not cause any of you to have the diseases" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
Exodus 15:27
Elim
This is an oasis in the desert, a place with water and shade trees. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names)
twelve
"12" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers)
seventy
"70" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers)