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Ecclesiastes 04 General Notes
Structure and formatting
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 4:1-3, 4:5-6, and 4:8-12.
Important figures of speech in this chapter
Irony
The teacher looks at the oppression in the world and is saddened by it, but he is the king and has the power to change things. He also laments being alone even though he has many wives, children, and concubines. (See: rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress and rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lament and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony)