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The law and the prophets
This refers to all of God's word that had been written up to that time.
John came
This refers to John the Baptist. AT: "John the Baptist came" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit)
the gospel of the kingdom of God is preached
This can be stated in active form. AT: "I am teaching people about the gospel of the kingdom of God" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive)
everyone tries to force their way into it
This refers to the people who were listening to and accepting the teaching of Jesus. AT: "many people are doing everything they can to enter it"
it is easier for heaven and earth to pass away than for one stroke of a letter of the law to become invalid
This contrast could be stated in the reverse order. AT: "even the smallest stroke of the letter of the law will last longer than heaven and earth will exist"
than for one stroke of a letter
A "stroke" is the smallest part of a letter. It refers to something in the law that may seem to be insignificant. AT: "than for even the smallest detail of the law" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit)
become invalid
"disappear" or "cease to exist"