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General Information:
This Psalm begins with a group of people speaking to the king of Israel. Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism)
For the chief musician. A psalm of David
This is a superscription that tells about the psalm. Some scholars say that this is part of the scripture and some say that it is not. (See "What are Superscriptions in Psalms" in Introduction to Psalms.)
For the chief musician
"This is for the director of music to use in worship"
help you
The word "you" in this Psalm is singular and refers to the king.
in the day of trouble
"in times of trouble" or "when you are in trouble"
may the name of the God of Jacob protect you
Possible meanings are 1) here "name" is a metonym for God's power. Alternate translation: "may the power of the God of Jacob protect you" or "may the God of Jacob protect you by his power" or 2) here "name" is a metonym for God himself. Alternate translation: "may the God of Jacob protect you" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)