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General Information:
The Army defends and protects Jonathan from Saul.
Should Jonathan die, who has accomplished this great salvation for Israel? Far from it!
The people scold Saul. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Jonathan has just accomplished this great salvation for Israel. He should surely not die." (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion)
accomplished this great salvation
This is a metonym for winning the victory that brought about the salvation. Alternate translation: "won this great victory" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
As Yahweh lives
The people were expressing their certainty that they would not let anything happen to Jonathan.
not one hair of his head will fall to the ground
This exaggeration shows how the people of Israel would protect Jonathan and keep him safe. This litotes can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: "we will protect him from any harm" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes)