From work on PDF Hebrews 10-13
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# until his enemies are made a stool for his feet
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# until his enemies are made a footstool for his feet
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Christ's enemies being humiliated is spoken of as if they were made a place for him to rest his feet. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "until God humiliates Christ's enemies and they become like a stool for his feet" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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Christ's enemies being humiliated is spoken of as if they were made a place for him to rest his feet. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "until God humiliates Christ's enemies and they become like a footstool for his feet" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Some versions interpret this verse as referring to Sarah. "By faith Sarah, herse
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The abstract noun "faith" can be expressed with the verb "believe." Possible meanings are 1) it was by Abraham's faith. Alternate translation: "It was because Abraham believed God ... he" or 2) it was by Sarah's faith. Alternate translation: "It was because Sarah believed God ... she" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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The abstract noun "faith" can be expressed with the verb "believe." Possible meanings are 1) it was by Abraham's faith. Alternate translation: "It was because Abraham believed God ... he" or 2) it was by Sarah's faith. Alternate translation: "It was because Sarah believed God ... she" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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# received ability to father a child
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# received ability to conceive a descendant
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"received ability to become a father" or "received ability to have a child"
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"received ability to become a father" or "received ability to have a child"
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# extinguished the power of fire, escaped the edge of the sword
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# quenched the power of fire, escaped the edge of the sword
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These are some of the ways God saved believers from death. Alternate translation: "they kept fire from burning them, they kept their enemies from killing them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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These are some of the ways God saved believers from death. Alternate translation: "they kept fire from burning them, they kept their enemies from killing them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ Attitudes or habits that keep believers from trusting and obeying God are spoken
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Sin is spoken of as if it were a net or something else that can trip people up and make them fall. Alternate translation: "sin that makes obeying God difficult" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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Sin is spoken of as if it were a net or something else that can trip people up and make them fall. Alternate translation: "sin that makes obeying God difficult" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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# Let us patiently run the race that is placed before us
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# Let us run with perseverance the race that is placed before us
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Following Jesus is spoken of as if it were running a race. Alternate translation: "Let us continue obeying what God has commanded us, just like a runner keeps going until the race is over" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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Following Jesus is spoken of as if it were running a race. Alternate translation: "Let us continue obeying what God has commanded us, just like a runner keeps going until the race is over" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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The word "your" is plural and here refers to the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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The word "your" is plural and here refers to the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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# weary in your hearts
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# become weary and lose heart
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Here "hearts" represents a person's thoughts and emotions. Alternate translation: "discouraged" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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Here "heart" represents a person's thoughts and emotions. Alternate translation: "become tired and discouraged" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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"no one receives God's grace and then lets go of it" or "no one rejects God's grace after first trusting in him"
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"no one receives God's grace and then lets go of it" or "no one rejects God's grace after first trusting in him"
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# that no root of bitterness grows up to cause trouble, so that many do not become polluted by it
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# that no root of bitterness grows up to cause trouble, so that many do not become defiled by it
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Hateful or resentful attitudes are spoken of as if they were a plant bitter to the taste. Alternate translation: "that no one becomes like a bitter root, which when it grows causes trouble and harms many people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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Hateful or resentful attitudes are spoken of as if they were a plant bitter to the taste. Alternate translation: "that no one becomes like a bitter root, which when it grows causes trouble and harms many people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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You can add the words "because we are" to make clear the logical connection between this statement and the next statement. Alternate translation: "because we are receiving a kingdom" or "because God is making us members of his kingdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-connectingwords]])
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You can add the words "because we are" to make clear the logical connection between this statement and the next statement. Alternate translation: "because we are receiving a kingdom" or "because God is making us members of his kingdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-connectingwords]])
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# let us be grateful
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# let us be thankful
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"let us give thanks"
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"let us give thanks"
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Obeying Jesus is spoken of as if a person were leaving the camp to go out where Jesus is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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Obeying Jesus is spoken of as if a person were leaving the camp to go out where Jesus is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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# bearing his shame
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# bearing his reproach
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Disgrace is spoken of as if it were an object that has to be carried in one's hands or on one's back. Alternate translation: "while allowing others to insult us just like people insulted him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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Reproach is spoken of as if it were an object that has to be carried in one's hands or on one's back. Alternate translation: "while allowing others to insult us just like people insulted him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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# Let us not forget doing good and helping one another
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# Let us not forget doing good and sharing
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This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "Let us always remember to do good and help one another"
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This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "Let us always remember to do good and share our goods with one another"
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# with such sacrifices
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# with such sacrifices
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Here "us" refers to the author and his companions, but not to the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
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Here "us" refers to the author and his companions, but not to the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
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# we are persuaded that we have a clean conscience
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# we are convinced that we have a good conscience
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Here "clean" stands for being free from guilt. Alternate translation: "we are certain that we have no guilt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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Here "good" stands for being free from guilt. Alternate translation: "we are certain that we have no guilt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translatio
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This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
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This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
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# Berechiah ... Iddo
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# Berekiah ... Iddo
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These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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