From PDF Lamentations
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# General Information:
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In these verses, Jerusalem and Judah are spoken of as if they were women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]])
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# After poverty and affliction
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"After suffering poverty and affliction"
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In this verse, the people of Judah are spoken of as if they were a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]])
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# Judah has gone into exile
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Here Judah refers to its inhabitants. Alternate translation: "the people of Judah have gone into exile" or "the people of Judah have been taken into a foreign land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
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# after affliction and great labor
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Possible meanings are 1) "after suffering affliction and having done great labor" or 2) "because of the affliction she suffered and the great labor was forced to do" or 3) "through while she is being afflicted and having to do great labor."
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# She lives ... finds
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Here the kingdom of Judah is described as a woman. "She" also stands for the citizens of Judah. Alternate translation: "Her people live ... they find" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
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@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ The author speaks of the roads that lead to Zion mourning as if they were human
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The word "her" refers to Zion. Alternate translation: "All of Zion's gates are empty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]])
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# Her virgins are sorrowful and she herself is in complete distress
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# Her virgins are sorrowful and it is bitter for her
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Here the people of Zion being distressed are spoken of as if they were a woman in distress. Alternate translation: "Zion's virgins are sorrowful, and its people despairing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]])
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Here the people of Zion being distressed are spoken of as if they were a woman in distress. Alternate translation: "Zion's virgins are sorrowful, and life is bitter for her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]])
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