* **Epaphroditus** - This is the name of a man sent by the Philippian church to minister to Paul in prison. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]])
* **fellow worker and fellow soldier** - Here “soldier” is comparing a person who fights physical battles with a believer who fights spiritual battles. Paul is emphasizing that a believer has to struggle against evil in order to spread the gospel. AT: "fellow believer who works and struggles along with us" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]])
* **and your messenger and minister to my need** - AT: "and who brings your messages to me and helps me when I am in need"
* **he was deeply distressed and longed to be with you all** - AT: "he was very worried and wanted to be with you all"
* **sorrow upon sorrow** - AT: "sorrow added to the sorrow I already have from being in prison" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]])