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Why does he not?
The full thought is "Why does he not turn toward the offering or accept it with favor from our hand?" (See: Malachi 2:13) Some translators may decide to provide this entire thought in their versions. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis)
the wife of your youth
"the woman you married when you were young"
Yahweh was a witness between you and the wife of your youth
This statement assumes that this woman is still living. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background)
a witness between you and the wife of your youth
Here a witness to an agreement between two people is thought of as standing between them in order to testify about what they agreed to, in case a dispute arises between the two people. This sentence also was meant to remind the people that Yahweh would punish any Israelite who broke the covenant of marriage. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor and rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background)
Did he not make them one, with a portion of his spirit?
This question may be expressed as a statement. AT: "He certainly made husband and wife one, with a portion of his spirit." (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion)
make them one
This expression implies making husband and wife one flesh. AT: "make husband and wife one flesh" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background)
an offspring from God
Children who would honor and obey God.
she was your companion and your wife by covenant
This statement implies that many of the Israelites had divorced their wives. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background)
by covenant
"by the covenant of marriage that you agreed to"
I hate divorce
Here "divorce" stands for the act of divorce, when a man sends away his wife, so as to end his marriage to her. AT: "I hate it when a man divorces his wife" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns)
the one who covers his garment with violence
This phrase probably means any man who is violent toward his wife. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom)
So guard yourselves in your spirit and do not be faithless
"So be careful to be loyal to your wife"