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Reference ID Tags SupportReference Quote Occurrence Note front:intro p55k 0 # Introduction to Numbers\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n\n### Outline of Numbers\n\n1. Preparing to leave Sinai (1:1–10:10)4:3\n * Counting and assembling the tribes (1:1–4:49)\n * Regulations (5:1–6:27)\n * Dedicating the altar (7:1–89)\n * Setting up the lampstand (8:1–4)\n * Setting apart the Levites (8:5–29)\n * Second Passover; the cloud to lead them; trumpets (9:1–10:10)\n2. Sinai to Moab, through the wilderness (10:11–17:13)\n * Complaining and murmuring (10:11–11:15)\n * The quails (11:16–35)\n * Miriam’s leprosy (12:1–16)\n * The spies selected and sent (13:1–14:45)\n * Commands (15:1–41)\n * Korah’s rebellion (16:1–17:13)\n3. The Priests and purifying (18:1–19:22)\n * Priests and Levites (18:1–32)\n * The law about purifying (19:1–22)\n4. Conflicts (20:1–21:35)\n * Miriam’s death (20:1–13)\n * Edom’s refusal and Aaron’s death (20:14–29)\n * Journey to Moab (21:1–35)\n5. The Plains of Moab (22:1–36:13)\n * Balaam (22:1–24:25)\n * Baal Peor (25:1–18)\n * The second counting (26:1–65)\n * Inheritance rights for daughters (27:1–11)\n * Joshua succeeds Moses (27:12–23)\n * Offerings and women’s vows (28:1–30:16)\n * Midianite war (31:1–54)\n * Across the Jordan (32:1–42)\n * The people set up camp (33:1–56)\n * Land west of the Jordan; cities for Levites and cities of refuge (34:1–35:34)\n * Female heirs marry (36:1–13)\n\n### What is the Book of Numbers about?\n\nThe Book of Numbers tells about the people of Israel as they traveled from Mount Sinai in the wilderness to the Jordan River. While traveling, the Israelites became discouraged. So they rebelled against the leaders whom God had given them. At the Jordan River, the people of Israel refused to enter the Promised Land. Because the Israelites were afraid and did not trust God, he delayed their entry into the Promised Land for forty years (13:1–14:45). (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])\n\n### How should the title of this book be translated?\n\nThe title of this book, “Numbers,” refers to when the number of the Israelites was counted. The people of the project language may already be familiar with the name “Numbers” from other Bible versions. If not, the translator could consider a clearer name for the book, such as “The Counting of the People of Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/other/census]])\n\n### Who wrote the Book of Numbers?\n\nThe writers of both the Old and New Testament present Moses as being very involved with writing the Book of Numbers. Since ancient times, both Jews and Christians have thought that Moses wrote Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.\n\n## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts\n\n### How does Numbers present the idea of the whole community being responsible when only a few people sinned?\n\nThe people understood and assumed that God would punish the whole community of Israel if some of the people rebelled against him. God did often punish the entire nation when some of them sinned. All of the people in the ancient Near East would have understood and expected this. However, Moses and Aaron prayed for God to punish only those who were guilty.\n\n## Part 3: Important Translation Issues\n\n### Why does Moses speak using third person pronouns about himself?\n\nWhen an author wrote about something he was involved in, it was common for him to use the pronoun “he” instead of “I,” or “they” instead of “we.” The translator may decide to use the project’s normal pronouns instead. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])\n\n### “Shall” and “Shall not”\n\nIn this book, “shall” is used to give a command and “shall not” is used to give a prohibition. While the form itself is not a command or prohibition, it can be interpreted and translated as such. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate these words using a command or instruction form. (See [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative]])\n\n### Sons of Israel and Israel\n\nThroughout this book, “sons of Israel” and “Israel” usually refer to the Israelite nation or people group as if all of them were the sons of their ancestor Israel, who is also called Jacob. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel” or “the Israelites” (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/israel]]) 1:intro av14 0 # Numbers 1 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\n1. Preparing to leave Sinai (1:1–10:10)\n * Counting and assembling the tribes (1:1–4:49)\n\nThis chapter is intended to form a smooth transition from the last chapter of the book of Leviticus. It describes the counting of Israelite men who are able to fight in the army.\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### Census\n\nIn this chapter, Yahweh commands Moses and Aaron to count how many men of military age were in each tribe of Israel. Some of these men were also called to lead their family groups.\n\n## Possible Translation Difficulties in this Chapter\n\n### “A son of 20 years and upward” \n\nThis phrase refers to a man who is at least 20 years old. It might be helpful in your language to state this more plainly. Alternate translation: “a man who is at least 20 years old” or “a man who is 20 years or older” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])\n\n### “One who goes out to war”\n\nThis phrase refers to a soldier by describing the action that characterizes a soldier. If your readers would not understand what this concept means in this context, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “one who can be a soldier” or “one who can fight in a war” 1:1 nore rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּאֶחָד֩ 1 Moses uses **one** to imply day **one of the second month**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “on day one” 1:1 xg17 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown בְּמִדְבַּ֥ר סִינַ֖י 1 Here, **wilderness** refers to the dry, barren desert plain that is common in the **Sinai** peninsula region of the modern Middle East. If your language has a word for this kind of landscape, consider using it here. If not, consider using a general expression. Alternate translation: “in the dry, desert plain of Sinai” 1:1 qchv rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal בְּאֶחָד֩ 1 Here Moses is using a cardinal number, **one**, to mean “first.” If your language does not use cardinal numbers, you can also use a ordinal number here in your translation. Alternate translation: “on the first”\n 1:1 u2p1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths לַחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשֵּׁנִ֜י 1 The **second month** of the Hebrew calendar includes the last half of April and the first half of May on Western calendars. You could convert the Hebrew day and month into an approximate date on the calendar that your culture uses. However, the Jews used a lunar calendar, so if you use a solar calendar, the date will be different every year and the translation will not be entirely accurate. So you may just want to give the number of the day and the name of the month on the Hebrew calendar, which is “Iyar” here, then say in a footnote approximately what time of year that is on your calendar. 1:1 owqr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal לַחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשֵּׁנִ֜י בַּשָּׁנָ֣ה הַשֵּׁנִ֗ית 1 If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you can use cardinal numbers here. Alternate translation: “of month two in year two” 1:1 nydz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns לְצֵאתָ֛ם 1 Here the pronoun **their** refers to the Israelites. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “of the Israelites’ going out” 1:1 ppu9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks לֵאמֹֽר 1 Here the word **saying** introduces direct speech that continues until [1:15](../01/15.md). Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. 1:2 m9tq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom שְׂא֗וּ אֶת־רֹאשׁ֙ 1 **Lift up the heads** is an idiom that means to take a census by counting people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Take a census of” 1:2 hmx9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כָּל 1 Here, **all** refers to **all** men, as indicated by the phrase **every male** that occurs later in the verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “all men of” 1:2 r6ab rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession עֲדַ֣ת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 Here Moses is using the possessive form to describe a **the congregation** that is **the sons of Israel**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the congregation, that is, the sons of Israel” 1:2 uprl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 This is the first of many times in this book that **sons of Israel** refers to the Israelite nation or people group who descended from **Israel**. See the discussion of how to translate this phrase in the [book introduction](../front/intro.md).\n 1:2 jnhs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְבֵ֣ית 1 Here, **house** refers to family members who live together in the same **house**. In ancient Israel three or four generations of a family lived in the same house and a clan consisted of several of these families. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “according to the families of”\n 1:2 j6yk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֲבֹתָ֑ם 1 Here, **fathers** means “ancestors.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “their ancestors” 1:2 dl47 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמ֔וֹת 1 Here, **names** refers to the **names** of the men whom Moses would count. The phrase means that Yahweh wants Moses to record the **names** of each **male** that he counts. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “recording the names of those counted” 1:2 po5z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לְגֻלְגְּלֹתָֽם 1 Here, **skulls** refers to the whole person. This phrase means that Yahweh wants Moses to count every individual **male** without leaving any out of the census. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “individually” or “head by head” 1:3 wtkl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה 1 Here, **a son of 20 years and upward** refers to a man who is at least 20 years old. See the discussion of this phrase in the [General Notes](../01/intro.md) for this chapter. 1:3 pqtq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy יֹצֵ֥א צָבָ֖א 1 This phrase refers to a soldier by describing what soldiers usually do. See the discussion of this phrase in the [General Notes](../01/intro.md) for this chapter. 1:3 eeg3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 Here, **Israel** refers to the Israelite nation or people group. See the discussion of how to translate **Israel** in the [book introduction](../front/intro.md). 1:3 s1xk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular אַתָּ֥ה 1 **You** here is singular and refers to Moses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “You, Moses,” 1:3 bee2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative תִּפְקְד֥וּ 1 Here, **shall** indicates a command. See the discussion of **shall** in the [book introduction](../front/intro.md). 1:3 tg9n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְצִבְאֹתָ֖ם 1 Here, **armies** refers to groups of soldiers from each of the Israelite tribes. This phrase indicates that Yahweh wanted Moses and **Aaron** to **count** the number of men in each of these groups. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “by their military divisions” 1:4 qnse rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְאִתְּכֶ֣ם 1 Here, **with you** refers to these men helping Moses and Aaron. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And to assist you” or “And to help you” 1:4 cx5d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual וְאִתְּכֶ֣ם 1 Here Yahweh uses **you** to refer to two men, Moses and Aaron, so **you** would be dual, if your language uses that form. Otherwise, the word would be plural. 1:4 lmux rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אִ֥ישׁ אִ֖ישׁ 1 Here the phrase **a man, a man** is a Hebrew idiom that means “one man each.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternative translation: “one man each” 1:4 j29v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לַמַּטֶּ֑ה 1 Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe a **a man** from each **tribe**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “from each tribe” 1:4 ku8v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אִ֛ישׁ רֹ֥אשׁ 1 Here, **the head man** refers to the leader of a group of people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternative translation: “will be the leader” 1:4 m26b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְבֵית־אֲבֹתָ֖יו 1 See how you translated the similar phrase “the house of their fathers” in [1:2](../01/02.md). 1:5 u632 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יַֽעַמְד֖וּ אִתְּכֶ֑ם 1 Here, **stand with you** refers to helping Moses and Aaron lead the Israelite community. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “assist you in leading the Israelite community” 1:5 jh5g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual אִתְּכֶ֑ם 1 Here Yahweh uses **you** to refer to two men, Moses and Aaron. See how you translated the same use of **you** in the previous verse. 1:5 cbvw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לִרְאוּבֵ֕ן 1 Here, **of** indicates that **Elizur** is a member of the tribe that descended from Jacob’s son **Reuben**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “from the tribe of Reuben” 1:5 gs4a rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אֱלִיצ֖וּר & שְׁדֵיאֽוּר 1 **Elizur** and **Shedeur** are names of men. 1:6 y5mc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לְשִׁמְע֕וֹן 1 See how you translated the same use of **of** in the phrase “of Reuben” in the previous verse. 1:6 m6h9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names שְׁלֻמִיאֵ֖ל & צוּרִֽישַׁדָּֽי 1 **Shelumiel** and **Zurishaddai** are names of men. 1:7 gs8f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לִֽיהוּדָ֕ה 1 See how you translated the same use of **of** in the phrase “of Reuben” in [1:5](../01/05.md). 1:7 yvoz rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names נַחְשׁ֖וֹן & עַמִּינָדָֽב 1 **Nahshon** and **Amminadab** are names of men. 1:8 j95m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לְיִ֨שָּׂשכָ֔ר 1 See how you translated the same use of **of** in the phrase “of Reuben” in [1:5](../01/05.md). 1:8 j730 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names נְתַנְאֵ֖ל & צוּעָֽר 1 **Nethanel** and **Zuar** are names of men. 1:9 ls1m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לִזְבוּלֻ֕ן 1 See how you translated the same use of **of** in the phrase “of Reuben” in [1:5](../01/05.md). 1:9 gldp rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אֱלִיאָ֖ב & חֵלֹֽן 1 **Elliab** and **Helon** are names of men. 1:10 q776 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לִבְנֵ֣י יוֹסֵ֔ף לְאֶפְרַ֕יִם 1 See how you translated the same use of **of** in the phrase “of Reuben” in [1:5](../01/05.md). 1:10 jrdz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לִבְנֵ֣י יוֹסֵ֔ף 1 Here, **sons** refers to the biological sons of **Joseph**, **Ephraim** and **Manasseh**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “from Joseph’s two sons” 1:10 iksb rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אֱלִישָׁמָ֖ע & עַמִּיה֑וּד & גַּמְלִיאֵ֖ל & פְּדָהצֽוּר 1 **Elishama**, **Ammihud**, **Gamaliel**, and **Pedahzur** are names of men. 1:11 ibhj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לְבִ֨נְיָמִ֔ן 1 See how you translated the same use of **of** in the phrase “of Reuben” in [1:5](../01/05.md). 1:11 zocj rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אֲבִידָ֖ן & גִּדְעֹנִֽי 1 **Abidan** and **Gideoni** are names of men. 1:12 fxte rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לְדָ֕ן 1 See how you translated the same use of **of** in the phrase “of Reuben” in [1:5](../01/05.md). 1:12 nzkn rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אֲחִיעֶ֖זֶר & עַמִּֽישַׁדָּֽי 1 **Ahiezer** and **Ammishaddai** are names of men. 1:13 ghrd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לְאָשֵׁ֕ר 1 See how you translated the same use of **of** in the phrase “of Reuben” in [1:5](../01/05.md). 1:13 i3ui rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names פַּגְעִיאֵ֖ל & עָכְרָֽן 1 **Pagiel** and **Okran** are names of men. 1:14 ie7u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לְגָ֕ד 1 See how you translated the same use of **of** in the phrase “of Reuben” in [1:5](../01/05.md). 1:14 fir2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אֶלְיָסָ֖ף & דְּעוּאֵֽל 1 **Eliasaph** and **Deuel** are names of men. 1:15 p6jk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לְנַ֨פְתָּלִ֔י 1 See how you translated the same use of **of** in the phrase “of Reuben” in [1:5](../01/05.md). 1:15 f3wk rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אֲחִירַ֖ע & עֵינָֽן 1 **Ahira** and **Enon** are names of men. 1:15 rp8w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks עֵינָֽן 1 The direct speech that began in [1:2](../01/02.md) ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language. 1:16 r5lf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive קריאי הָעֵדָ֔ה 1 The text does not specify who called **the called ones of the congregation**. Most likely, the Israelite community appointed these men in some way. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the ones whom the community appointed” 1:16 xpdb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive קריאי 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, the previous verses indicate that Yahweh called these men. Alternate translation: “were those whom Yahweh called of” 1:16 elbp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit קריאי 1 Here, **called** refers to being chosen to do something. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “were the chosen ones of” 1:16 g9m9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֲבוֹתָ֑ם 1 See how you translated the same use of this phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 1:16 s9hv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רָאשֵׁ֛י 1 See how you translated the same use of “head” in [1:4](../01/04.md). 1:16 rsai rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אַלְפֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל 1 Here, **the thousands of Israel** refers to the divisions of people within Israel’s tribes. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the divisions within Israel” 1:17 g4kg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַיִּקַּ֥ח מֹשֶׁ֖ה וְאַהֲרֹ֑ן אֵ֚ת הָאֲנָשִׁ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה 1 Here, **took** means that **Moses and Aaron** summoned **these men** to come to them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And Moses and Aaron called these men to come to them” 1:17 tgy4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אֲשֶׁ֥ר נִקְּב֖וּ בְּשֵׁמֽוֹת 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, the previous verses indicate that Yahweh called these men. Alternate translation: “whom Yahweh had designated by names” 1:17 xvil rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis בְּשֵׁמֽוֹת 1 Moses is leaving out a word that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “by their names” 1:18 cl8o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns הִקְהִ֗ילוּ 1 Here, **they** refers to Moses and Aaron. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly, as in the UST. 1:18 o6il rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal בְּאֶחָד֙ לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַשֵּׁנִ֔י 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:1](../01/01.md). 1:18 xgec rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns וַיִּתְיַֽלְד֥וּ עַל־מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם & לְגֻלְגְּלֹתָֽם 1 Here, **they** and **their** refer to all the Israelite men who were 20 years old or older. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And the men declared their ancestry in accordance with their clans, according to the house of these men’s fathers … according to these men’s skulls” 1:18 nt8v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עַל־מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמ֗וֹת 1 See how you translated the similar phrases in [1:2](../01/02.md). 1:18 ku8z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֥ים שָׁנָ֛ה וָמַ֖עְלָה 1 See how you translated the phrase in [1:3](../01/03.md). 1:18 avnc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לְגֻלְגְּלֹתָֽם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 1:19 bpgo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns וַֽיִּפְקְדֵ֖ם 1 Here, **he** refers to **Moses**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And Moses counted them” 1:19 a7ss rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown בְּמִדְבַּ֥ר סִינָֽי 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:1](../01/01.md). 1:20-21 ew65 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge 1 If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine [1:20](../01/20.md) and [1:21](../01/21.md) into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of **Reuben** together. 1:20 n9s3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְנֵֽי 1 Here, **sons** refers to descendants. See how you translated the same use of **sons** in [1:2](../01/02.md). 1:20 tp1p rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 Here, **Israel** refers to the Isaac’s son, who was also called Jacob. It does not refer to the entire nation named after **Israel**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “Isaac’s son Israel” 1:20 jqs9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם 1 Here, **generations** refers to the descendants of **the sons of Reuben** who were counted in this census. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “those descendants” 1:20 bsfs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֤ר שֵׁמוֹת֙ לְגֻלְגְּלֹתָ֔ם 1 See how you translated these phrases in [1:2](../01/02.md). 1:20 imh0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא 1 See how you translated these phrases in [1:3](../01/03.md). 1:21 lpku rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, [1:3](../01/03.md) indicates that Moses and Aaron counted these men. Alternate translation: “those whom Moses and Aaron counted” 1:21 yeuf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לְמַטֵּ֣ה 1 Here Moses is using the possessive form to describe a **tribe** that descended from **Reuben**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “of the tribe that descended from” 1:21 v8dy rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers שִׁשָּׁ֧ה וְאַרְבָּעִ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת 1 Alternate translation: “forty-six thousand five hundred men” 1:22-23 oyq7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge 1 If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine [1:22](../01/22.md) and [1:23](../01/23.md) into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of **Simeon** together. 1:22 yd37 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִבְנֵ֣י 1 See how you translated the same use of **Of** in [1:5](../01/05.md) and the same use of **sons** in [1:2](../01/02.md). 1:22 pv2l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם & בְּמִסְפַּ֤ר שֵׁמוֹת֙ לְגֻלְגְּלֹתָ֔ם כָּל־זָכָ֗ר מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא 1 See how you translated these phrases in [1:20](../01/20.md). 1:22 n4c5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo פְּקֻדָ֗יו 1 Here, **his** refers to the descendants of **Simeon** as if they were **Simeon** himself. Since the same idea is repeated as “their counted ones” in the next verse, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here, as in the UST. 1:22 f3bo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive פְּקֻדָ֗יו 1 If you keep this phrase in your translation, see how you translated the same use of **counted ones** in [1:21](../1/21.md). 1:23 g5ix rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:23 j90b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לְמַטֵּ֣ה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:23 jkgb rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers תִּשְׁעָ֧ה וַחֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וּשְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת 1 Alternate translation: “fifty-nine thousand three hundred” 1:24-25 rhkg rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge 1 If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine [1:24](../01/24.md) and [1:25](../01/25.md) into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of **Gad** together. 1:24 thvt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִבְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמ֗וֹת מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא 1 See how you translated these phrases in [1:20](../01/20.md). 1:25 au8r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:25 pd5h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לְמַטֵּ֣ה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:25 xw6x rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers חֲמִשָּׁ֤ה וְאַרְבָּעִים֙ אֶ֔לֶף וְשֵׁ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת וַחֲמִשִּֽׁים 1 Alternate translation: “forty-five thousand six hundred fifty” 1:26-27 bb7g rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge 1 If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine [1:26](../01/26.md) and [1:27](../01/27.md) into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of **Judah** together. 1:26 dm5n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִבְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא 1 See how you translated these phrases in [1:20](../01/20.md). 1:27 wa5g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:27 vt8a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לְמַטֵּ֣ה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:27 vh5e rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers אַרְבָּעָ֧ה וְשִׁבְעִ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְשֵׁ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת 1 Alternate translation: “seventy-four thousand six hundred” 1:28-29 r9b0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge 1 If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine [1:28](../01/28.md) and [1:29](../01/29.md) into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of **Issachar** together. 1:28 mv7f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִבְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא 1 See how you translated these phrases in [1:20](../01/20.md). 1:29 nv2y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:29 sbfc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לְמַטֵּ֣ה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:29 s35n rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers אַרְבָּעָ֧ה וַחֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְאַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת 1 Alternate translation: “fifty-four thousand four hundred” 1:30-31 mb7x rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge 1 If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine [1:30](../01/30.md) and [1:31](../01/31.md) into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of **Zebulun** together. 1:30 d4ce rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִבְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא 1 See how you translated these phrases in [1:20](../01/20.md). 1:31 x4v2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:31 bm0b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לְמַטֵּ֣ה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:31 v7sy rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers שִׁבְעָ֧ה וַחֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְאַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת 1 Alternate translation: “fifty-seven thousand four hundred” 1:32-33 ps6f rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge 1 If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine [1:32](../01/32.md) and [1:33](../01/33.md) into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of **Ephraim** together. 1:32 nazb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לִבְנֵ֤י יוֹסֵף֙ 1 This phrase refers to both **Ephraim**, who is mentioned in this verse and the next, and Manasseh, who is mentioned in [1:34–35](../01/34.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could repeat this phrase in [1:34–35](../01/34.md). See how you translated this phrase in [1:10](../01/10.md). 1:32 wc6u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִבְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא 1 See how you translated these phrases in [1:20](../01/20.md). 1:33 vfi3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:33 qpju rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לְמַטֵּ֣ה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:33 rp9v rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers אַרְבָּעִ֥ים אֶ֖לֶף וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת 1 Alternate translation: “forty thousand five hundred” 1:34-35 qiou rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge 1 If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine [1:34](../01/34.md) and [1:35](../01/35.md) into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of **Manasseh** together. 1:34 xem1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִבְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמ֗וֹת מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא 1 See how you translated these phrases in [1:20](../01/20.md). 1:35 tuii rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:35 ojv7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לְמַטֵּ֣ה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:35 tyjy rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers שְׁנַ֧יִם וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וּמָאתָֽיִם 1 Alternate translation: “thirty-two thousand two hundred” 1:36-37 j7hh rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge 1 If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine [1:36](../01/36.md) and [1:37](../01/37.md) into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of **Benjamin** together. 1:36 qk2s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִבְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא 1 See how you translated these phrases in [1:20](../01/20.md). 1:37 z1k4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:37 uopa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לְמַטֵּ֣ה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:37 nfvu rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers חֲמִשָּׁ֧ה וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְאַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת 1 Alternate translation: “thirty-five thousand four hundred” 1:38-39 puiu rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge 1 If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine [1:38](../01/38.md) and [1:39](../01/39.md) into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of **Dan** together. 1:38 gkt3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִבְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא 1 See how you translated these phrases in [1:20](../01/20.md). 1:39 iuf8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:39 l8uf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לְמַטֵּ֣ה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:39 yqdb rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers שְׁנַ֧יִם וְשִׁשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וּשְׁבַ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת 1 Alternate translation: “sixty-two thousand seven hundred” 1:40-41 qibo rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge 1 If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine [1:40](../01/40.md) and [1:41](../01/41.md) into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of **Asher** together. 1:40 ehj1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִבְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא 1 See how you translated these phrases in [1:20](../01/20.md). 1:41 az93 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:41 wx20 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לְמַטֵּ֣ה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:41 vv5x rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers אֶחָ֧ד וְאַרְבָּעִ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת 1 Alternate translation: “forty-one thousand five hundred” 1:42-43 omi2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge 1 If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine [1:42](../01/42.md) and [1:43](../01/43.md) into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of **Naphtali** together. 1:42 mlr4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא 1 See how you translated these phrases in [1:20](../01/20.md). 1:43 nv44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:43 vlo3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לְמַטֵּ֣ה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:43 sskz rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers שְׁלֹשָׁ֧ה וַחֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְאַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת 1 Alternate translation: “fifty-three thousand four hundred” 1:44 m11w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo הַפְּקֻדִ֡ים אֲשֶׁר֩ פָּקַ֨ד מֹשֶׁ֤ה וְאַהֲרֹן֙ 1 Since the same idea of “their counted ones” is repeated in the next phrase, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here. Alternate translation: “were the people whom Moses and Aaron had counted” 1:44 rjq9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּנְשִׂיאֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שְׁנֵ֥ים עָשָׂ֖ר אִ֑ישׁ 1 Here Moses implies that these **12 men** helped **Moses and Aaron** count the people, as stated in [1:5](../01/05.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “with the 12 leaders of Israel helping them” 1:44 fcfy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אִישׁ־אֶחָ֥ד לְבֵית־אֲבֹתָ֖יו הָיֽוּ 1 Here the phrase **one man** indicates that each of the **12 men** represented his own tribe. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “each one of them was from the house of his fathers” 1:44 kl6l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְבֵית־אֲבֹתָ֖יו 1 See how you translated **the house of his fathers** in [1:4](../01/04.md). 1:45 zf3e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive פְּקוּדֵ֥י 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. The previous verse indicates that Moses, Aaron, and the 12 leaders did the action. Alternate translation: “the ones whom Moses, Aaron, and the 12 leaders counted of” 1:45 nvoq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 1:45 x876 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כָּל־יֹצֵ֥א צָבָ֖א בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 See how you translated these phrases in [1:3](../01/03.md). 1:46 v79v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הַפְּקֻדִ֔ים 1 See how you translated a similar phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:46 ric5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers שֵׁשׁ־מֵא֥וֹת אֶ֖לֶף וּשְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֑ים וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת 1 Alternate translation: “six hundred and three thousand five hundred and fifty” 1:47 rv7a rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast וְהַלְוִיִּ֖ם 1 **And** introduces a contrast to what was expected. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast. Alternate translation: “But” 1:47 eoyb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לְמַטֵּ֣ה 1 See how you translated **the tribe of** in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:47 f0v5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֲבֹתָ֑ם 1 See how you translated the same use of **fathers** in [1:2](../01/02.md). 1:47 nym2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לֹ֥א הָתְפָּקְד֖וּ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, the previous verses indicate that Moses, Aaron, and the 12 leaders did not count these people. Alternate translation: “those whom Moses, Aaron, and the 12 leaders did not count”\n 1:47 sspb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּתוֹכָֽם 1 Here Moses refers to **the Levites** not being included in the census as if they were not located **in the midst of** the other tribes. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “together with them” 1:48 ly22 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה 1 **And** here introduces the reason for what was stated in the previous clause. Use the most natural way in your language to indicate a reason. Alternate translation: “The reason for this is that Yahweh spoke”\n 1:48 gwjl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations לֵּאמֹֽר 1 Here the word **saying** introduces direct speech that continues until [1:53](../01/53.md). Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. 1:49 ou10 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מַטֵּ֤ה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 1:49 k39s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְאֶת־רֹאשָׁ֖ם לֹ֣א תִשָּׂ֑א 1 See how you translated the similar phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 1:49 jvdb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative לֹ֣א תִשָּׂ֑א 1 Here, **shall not** indicates a negative command. See the discussion of this phrase in the [book introduction](../front/intro.md). 1:49 lh1o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּת֖וֹךְ 1 See how you translated the same use of this phrase in [1:47](../01/47.md). 1:49 y1o4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 1:50 auuw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular וְאַתָּ֡ה 1 Here, **you** is singular. It refers to Moses, so use the singular form in your translation if your language marks that distinction. 1:50 eihh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִשְׁכַּ֨ן הָעֵדֻ֜ת 1 The phrase **the Dwelling of the Testimony** is a common description of the tent that held the Ark of the Covenant, which held the tablets on which were written the Ten Commandments. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the tent holding the ark containing the Ten Commandments”\n 1:50 dd55 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עַל & וְעַ֣ל & וְעַ֣ל 1 Here, **over** implies having authority and responsibility to take care of **the Dwelling of the Testimony** and everything in it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “to be responsible for … and be responsible for … and be responsible for” 1:50 obm5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לוֹ֒ 1 Here Yahweh uses the possessive form to refer to the items that are used in **the Dwelling**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “are used in it” or “are related to it” 1:50 c6kk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns הֵ֜מָּה יִשְׂא֤וּ & וְהֵ֖ם יְשָׁרְתֻ֑הוּ 1 Yahweh uses the word **themselves** here to emphasize who would be responsible for **the Dwelling of the Testimony** and all the items related to it. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate this emphasis. Alternate translation: “They are the ones who must carry … and they are the ones who must serve it” 1:50 d0s5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְהֵ֖ם יְשָׁרְתֻ֑הוּ 1 Here Yahweh refers to **the Levites** taking care of **the Dwelling of the Testimony** as if it were a person whom they **serve**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and they themselves must take care of it” 1:51 p4ac rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וּבִנְסֹ֣עַ הַמִּשְׁכָּ֗ן & וּבַחֲנֹת֙ הַמִּשְׁכָּ֔ן 1 Here Yahweh refers to the Israelites changing locations along with **the Dwelling** as if **the Dwelling** were a person who **sets out** and **camps**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And when the Israelites set out to a new location with the Dwelling … and when the Israelites camp with the Dwelling” 1:51 hpv8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יוֹרִ֤ידוּ אֹתוֹ֙ & יָקִ֥ימוּ אֹת֖וֹ 1 Here, **take it down** refers to disassembling **the Dwelling** and **raise it up** refers to re-assembling it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “must take it apart … must put it back together” 1:51 mhms rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְהַזָּ֥ר 1 Here, **stranger** refers to any person who is not one of **the Levites**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And anyone other than a Levite” or “And any non-Levite” 1:51 cju9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יוּמָֽת 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. The context implies that **the Levites** will do the action. Alternate translation (with a comma preceding): “the Levites must put him to death” 1:52 ssdo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 1:52 hdjj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אִ֧ישׁ & וְאִ֥ישׁ 1 In this verse, the phrase **a man** is a Hebrew idiom that means “each person.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the same use of **a man** in [1:4](../01/04.md). Alternative translation: “each person … and each person”\n 1:52 gre3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown דִּגְל֖וֹ 1 A **banner** is a flag made out of a large piece of cloth that is attached to the top of a long wooden pole. Each of the tribes of Israel had its own unique banners that identified it. If your readers would not be familiar with this term, you could use the name of something used for a similar purpose in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “and his flag”\n 1:52 qn3w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְצִבְאֹתָֽם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:3](../01/03.md). 1:53 gctl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְמִשְׁכַּ֣ן הָעֵדֻ֔ת & מִשְׁכַּ֥ן הָעֵדֽוּת 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:50](../01/50.md). 1:53 j1iz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְלֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֣ה קֶ֔צֶף עַל־עֲדַ֖ת בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 Here Yahweh speaks of **wrath** as if it were an object that could **be on** a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and the congregation of the sons of Israel will not experience wrath” 1:53 qpwb rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result וְלֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֣ה קֶ֔צֶף 1 Here, **and** introduces the result of obeying the instructions stated in the previous clause. Use the most natural way in your language to indicate results. You may need to start a new sentence. Alternate translation: “which will result in wrath not being”\n or “If you do this, then wrath will not be”\n 1:53 c2kv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וְלֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֣ה קֶ֔צֶף 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **wrath**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “and Yahweh will not be wrathful” 1:53 ms44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עֲדַ֖ת בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 1:53 liu3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְשָׁמְרוּ֙ הַלְוִיִּ֔ם אֶת־מִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת 1 In this verse, **keep** and **keeping** refer to performing duties to take care of **the Dwelling of the Testimony**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And the Levites shall perform duties for” 1:53 sken rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry וְשָׁמְרוּ֙ הַלְוִיִּ֔ם אֶת־מִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת 1 The phrase **keep the keeping** is a construction in which a verb and its object are related words. You may be able to use the same construction in your language to express the meaning here. Alternatively, your language may have another way of showing the emphasis. 1:53 jwd9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks הָעֵדֽוּת 1 The direct speech that began in [1:49](../01/49.md) ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language. 1:54 k71a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 1:54 d8yx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit צִוָּ֧ה יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־מֹשֶׁ֖ה 1 It is implied that **Yahweh commanded Moses** to command **the sons of Israel** to do those things. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh commanded Moses to command the people to do” 1:54 nt9i rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory כֵּ֥ן עָשֽׂוּ 1 Here, **so** indicates that this verse signals the end of a story. The repeated use of **did** in this story also emphasizes what happened. Use the natural form in your language for expressing the conclusion of a story. Alternate translation: “and that is exactly what they did” 2:intro wn6c 0 # Numbers 2 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\n1. Preparing to leave Sinai (1:1–10:10)\n * Counting and assembling the tribes (1:1–4:49)\n\nThis chapter describes the counting of Israelite men who are able to fight in the army.\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### Cardinal directions\n\nYahweh explains how the Israelites will camp in relative to the sacred tent and does so using cardinal directions: north, east, south, and west. These terms describe a persons orientation in relation to the sunrise. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. If one faces the direction of the sunrise and then turns to his right, he is facing south. If, when facing the sunrise, he turns left, he would face north. 2:1 n1k2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks לֵאמֹֽר 1 Here the word **saying** introduces direct speech that continues until [2:31](../02/31.md). Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. 2:2 mdj9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 2:2 q34t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אִ֣ישׁ עַל־דִּגְל֤וֹ 1 See how you translated this clause in [1:52](../01/52.md). 2:2 mudl rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown בְאֹתֹת֙ 1 Here, **sign** refers to a some visible object that represented each tribe. This **sign** is different from the **banner** because the **banner** represented a group of three tribes, as mentioned in the next verse. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of symbol, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “with the symbol” 2:2 oha3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֔ם 1 See how you translated **the house of their fathers** in [1:2](../01/02.md). 2:2 p14g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מִנֶּ֕גֶד סָבִ֥יב לְאֹֽהֶל־מוֹעֵ֖ד 1 **Away from the front** refers to being at a distance from **the tent of meeting**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “at a distance away from and around the tent of meeting” 2:3 rps4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְהַחֹנִים֙ 1 Here, **the ones camping to the east** refers to three tribes, Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun, as indicated in [2:3](../02/03.md)–[9](../02/09.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And the three tribes of Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun, who are camping” 2:3 s1br rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism קֵ֣דְמָה מִזְרָ֔חָה 1 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. If saying the same thing twice might be confusing for your readers, you can combine the phrases into one and state them more plainly, as in the UST. 2:3 wlc3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit קֵ֣דְמָה 1 Here Yahweh implies that these people are **camping to the east** of the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “to the east of the tent of meeting” 2:3 eqty rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דֶּ֛גֶל מַחֲנֵ֥ה יְהוּדָ֖ה 1 Here Yahweh speaks of **the ones camping to the east** locating themselves together near **the banner of the camp of Judah** as if those people were that **banner**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will be located near the banner of the camp of Judah” or “will unite themselves under the banner of the camp of Judah” 2:3 abed rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown דֶּ֛גֶל 1 See how you translated this word in [1:52](../01/52.md). 2:3 po4i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מַחֲנֵ֥ה יְהוּדָ֖ה 1 Here, **the camp of Judah** refers to the combined people from the tribes of Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun whom Yahweh commanded to stay together as one **camp** represented by **Judah**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the camp of Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun represented by Judah” 2:3 hxgp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְצִבְאֹתָ֑ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:3](../01/03.md). 2:3 fbom rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִבְנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:20](../01/20.md). 2:3 d4r5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names נַחְשׁ֖וֹן בֶּן־עַמִּינָדָֽב 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:7](../01/07.md). 2:4 qqpe rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns וּצְבָא֖וֹ 1 Here the pronoun **his** refers to Nahshon the son of Amminadab, who is called the leader of this **army** in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and Nahshon’s army” 2:4 ing6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדֵיהֶ֑ם 1 Here, **and** indicates that this phrase gives further information about **his army**. It is not making a distinction between **his army** and **their counted ones**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the relationship between these phrases clearer. Alternate translation: “and his army, that is, their counted ones” 2:4 kswa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּפְקֻדֵיהֶ֑ם 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, [1:3](../01/03.md) indicates that Moses and Aaron counted these men. Since Yahweh is speaking to Moses and Aaron directly here, you could use the dual or plural form of “you” here, as in the UST.\n 2:4 wg38 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers אַרְבָּעָ֧ה וְשִׁבְעִ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְשֵׁ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת 1 See how you translated this number in [1:27](../01/27.md). 2:5 yhgj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns עָלָ֖יו 1 Here the pronoun **him** refers to the tribe of Judah. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “beside the tribe of Judah” 2:5 w9md rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מַטֵּ֣ה יִשָּׂשכָ֑ר 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:29](../01/29.md). 2:5 su53 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִבְנֵ֣י יִשָּׂשכָ֔ר 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:28](../01/28.md). 2:5 b9v0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names נְתַנְאֵ֖ל בֶּן־צוּעָֽר 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:8](../01/08.md). 2:6 pvl6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדָ֑יו 1 Here, **and** indicates that this phrase gives further information about **his army**. It is not making a distinction between **his army** and **his counted ones**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the relationship between these phrases clearer. Alternate translation: “and his army, that is, his counted ones” 2:6 gf47 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדָ֑יו 1 In this verse, the pronoun **his** refers to Nethanel the son of Zuar, who is called the leader of this **army** in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and Nethanel’s army, who are his counted ones” 2:6 i7vp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּפְקֻדָ֑יו 1 See how you translated the same use of **counted ones** in [2:4](../02/04.md). 2:6 s8hf rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers אַרְבָּעָ֧ה וַחֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְאַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת 1 See how you translated this number in [1:29](../01/29.md). 2:7 v5tu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מַטֵּ֖ה זְבוּלֻ֑ן 1 Here Yahweh implied that the **tribe of Zebulun** would also camp beside the tribe of Judah. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “The tribe of Zebulun also camp beside Judah” 2:7 ohwq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מַטֵּ֖ה זְבוּלֻ֑ן 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:31](../01/31.md). 2:7 a457 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִבְנֵ֣י זְבוּלֻ֔ן 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:30](../01/30.md). 2:7 ci42 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אֱלִיאָ֖ב בֶּן־חֵלֹֽן 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:9](../01/09.md). 2:8 exlx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדָ֑יו 1 See how you translated this phrase in [2:6](../02/06.md). 2:8 fgs1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers שִׁבְעָ֧ה וַחֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְאַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת 1 See how you translated this number in [1:31](../01/31.md). 2:9 thxq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הַפְּקֻדִ֞ים 1 See how you translated the same use of **counted ones** in [2:4](../02/04.md). 2:9 e32j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְמַחֲנֵ֣ה יְהוּדָ֗ה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [2:3](../02/03.md). 2:9 p866 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers מְאַ֨ת אֶ֜לֶף וּשְׁמֹנִ֥ים אֶ֛לֶף וְשֵֽׁשֶׁת־ אֲלָפִ֥ים וְאַרְבַּע־ מֵא֖וֹת 1 Alternate translation: “one hundred and eighty-six thousand four hundred men” 2:9 cinl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְצִבְאֹתָ֑ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:3](../01/03.md). 2:9 za2y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit רִאשֹׁנָ֖ה יִסָּֽעוּ 1 The phrase **they will set out first** refers to the Israelites journeying from one location to another. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “When traveling to a new location, the camp of Judah will start walking first” 2:9 qx0i rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal רִאשֹׁנָ֖ה 1 If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you could use a cardinal number here or an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “before the other tribes” 2:10 jojx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit דֶּ֣גֶל מַחֲנֵ֧ה רְאוּבֵ֛ן 1 Here Yahweh implies that these instructions refer to three tribes, Reuben, Simeon, and Gad, camping together under the **banner** of **Reuben**, as indicated in [2:10](../02/10.md)–[16](../02/16.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. See how you translated the similar expression in [2:3](../02/03.md). Alternate translation: “The three tribes of Reuben, Simeon, and Gad will unite themselves under the banner of the camp of Reuben and” 2:10 vu2a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תֵּימָ֖נָה 1 Here Yahweh implies that these people are camping **to the south** of the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “to the south of the tent of meeting”\n 2:10 j14j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְצִבְאֹתָ֑ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:3](../01/03.md). 2:10 drdn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִבְנֵ֣י רְאוּבֵ֔ן 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:20](../01/20.md). 2:10 pe8q rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אֱלִיצ֖וּר בֶּן־שְׁדֵיאֽוּר 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:5](../01/05.md). 2:11 r0p4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדָ֑יו 1 See how you translated this phrase in [2:6](../02/06.md). 2:11 nq5x rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers שִׁשָּׁ֧ה וְאַרְבָּעִ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת 1 See how you translated this number in [1:21](../01/21.md). 2:12 iv74 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns עָלָ֖יו 1 Here the pronoun **him** refers to the tribe of Reuben. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “beside the tribe of Reuben” 2:12 oj7i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מַטֵּ֣ה שִׁמְע֑וֹן 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:23](../01/23.md). 2:12 vi3m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִבְנֵ֣י שִׁמְע֔וֹן 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:22](../01/22.md). 2:12 xc17 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names שְׁלֻמִיאֵ֖ל בֶּן־צוּרִֽי־שַׁדָּֽי 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:6](../01/06.md). 2:13 d1eo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדֵיהֶ֑ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [2:4](../02/04.md). 2:13 qb5q rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers תִּשְׁעָ֧ה וַחֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וּשְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת 1 See how you translated this number in [1:23](../01/23.md). 2:14 f089 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְמַטֵּ֖ה גָּ֑ד 1 Here Yahweh implied that **the tribe of Gad** would also camp beside the tribe of Reuben. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And the tribe of Gad must also camp beside Reuben”\n 2:14 dqp1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וְמַטֵּ֖ה גָּ֑ד 1 See how you translated **the tribe of Gad** in [1:14](../01/14.md). 2:14 cyte rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִבְנֵ֣י גָ֔ד 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:24](../01/24.md). 2:14 uxf8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אֶלְיָסָ֖ף בֶּן־רְעוּאֵֽל 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:14](../01/14.md). 2:15 j539 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדֵיהֶ֑ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [2:4](../02/04.md). 2:15 cd9v rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers חֲמִשָּׁ֤ה וְאַרְבָּעִים֙ אֶ֔לֶף וְשֵׁ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת וַחֲמִשִּֽׁים 1 See how you translated this number in [1:25](../01/25.md). 2:16 tqan rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כָּֽל־הַפְּקֻדִ֞ים לְמַחֲנֵ֣ה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [2:9](../02/09.md). 2:16 sz9m rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers מְאַ֨ת אֶ֜לֶף וְאֶחָ֨ד וַחֲמִשִּׁ֥ים אֶ֛לֶף וְאַרְבַּע־ מֵא֥וֹת וַחֲמִשִּׁ֖ים 1 Alternate translation: “are one hundred and fifty-one thousand four hundred and fifty” 2:16 q650 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְצִבְאֹתָ֑ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:3](../01/03.md). 2:16 ti9z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּשְׁנִיִּ֖ם יִסָּֽעוּ 1 See how you translated **set out** in [2:9](../02/09.md). 2:16 yg28 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal וּשְׁנִיִּ֖ם יִסָּֽעוּ 1 If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you could use a cardinal number here or an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “And they will set out after camp 1” or “And they will set out after Judah’s camp” 2:17 a2em rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְנָסַ֧ע אֹֽהֶל־מוֹעֵ֛ד 1 Here Yahweh refers to the Israelites changing locations along with **the tent of meeting** as if **the tent of meeting** were a person who **will set out with** them. See how you translated the same use of “sets out” in [1:51](../01/51.md).\n 2:17 k353 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מַחֲנֵ֥ה הַלְוִיִּ֖ם 1 Here, **the camp of the Levites** refers to the people who descended from Levi and set up their tents together. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “with the camp of the people who descended from Levi” 2:17 b2zi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּת֣וֹךְ הַֽמַּחֲנֹ֑ת 1 This phrase means that **the tent of meeting** and **the camp of the Levites** will travel between the **camps** described in [2:3](../02/03.md)–[16](../02/16.md) and the **camps** described in [2:18](../02/18.md)–[31](../02/31.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “between one group of camps and the other group of camps” 2:17 hja8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר יַחֲנוּ֙ כֵּ֣ן יִסָּ֔עוּ & לְדִגְלֵיהֶֽם 1 Here, **they** and **their** refer to all the Israelite tribes. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “As all the Israelites came so will they set out … according to the banners of their tribes” 2:17 ztvr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר יַחֲנוּ֙ כֵּ֣ן יִסָּ֔עוּ 1 Here, **came** refers to arriving at a location and **set out** refers to leaving a location. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. See how you translated the same use of **set out** in [2:9](../02/09.md). Alternate translation: “As they arrive in a location so will they depart from that location” 2:17 dony rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אִ֥ישׁ עַל־יָד֖וֹ 1 This phrase is an idiom that means “each person in his own position.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “each person in his own position” 2:17 oy1n rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown לְדִגְלֵיהֶֽם 1 See how you translated “banner” in [1:52](../01/52.md). 2:18 y3jf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit דֶּ֣גֶל מַחֲנֵ֥ה אֶפְרַ֛יִם לְצִבְאֹתָ֖ם 1 Here Yahweh implies that these instructions refer to three tribes, Ephraim, Manasseh, and Benjamin, camping together under the **banner** of **Ephraim**, as indicated in [2:18](../02/18.md)–[24](../02/24.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. See how you translated the similar expression in [2:10](../02/10.md). Alternate translation: “The three tribes of Ephraim, Manasseh, and Benjamin will unite themselves under the banner of the camp of Ephraim according to their armies and”\n 2:18 j9f0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְצִבְאֹתָ֖ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:3](../01/03.md).\n 2:18 o2g1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יָ֑מָּה 1 Here Yahweh implies that these people are camping **to the west** of the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “will be to the west of the tent of meeting”\n 2:18 cuxu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִבְנֵ֣י אֶפְרַ֔יִם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:32](../01/32.md).\n 2:18 yat8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אֱלִישָׁמָ֖ע בֶּן־עַמִּיהֽוּד 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:10](../01/10.md). 2:19 r0cu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדֵיהֶ֑ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [2:4](../02/04.md). 2:19 ai8d rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers אַרְבָּעִ֥ים אֶ֖לֶף וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת 1 See how you translated this number in [1:33](../01/33.md). 2:20 hfuu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns וְעָלָ֖יו 1 Here the pronoun **him** refers to the tribe of Ephraim. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And beside the tribe of Ephraim”\n 2:20 yw3b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מַטֵּ֣ה מְנַשֶּׁ֑ה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:35](../01/35.md). 2:20 v8yd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִבְנֵ֣י מְנַשֶּׁ֔ה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:34](../01/34.md). 2:20 f7io rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names גַּמְלִיאֵ֖ל בֶּן־פְּדָהצֽוּר 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:11](../01/11.md). 2:21 k0sv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדֵיהֶ֑ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [2:4](../02/04.md). 2:21 jw5g rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers שְׁנַ֧יִם וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וּמָאתָֽיִם 1 See how you translated this number in [1:35](../01/35.md). 2:22 od4i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּמַטֵּ֖ה בִּנְיָמִ֑ן 1 Here Yahweh implied that **the tribe of Benjamin** would also camp beside the tribe of Ephraim. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “The tribe of Benjamin also must camp beside Ephraim” 2:22 mm2x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וּמַטֵּ֖ה בִּנְיָמִ֑ן 1 See how you translated **the tribe of Benjamin** in [1:37](../01/37.md). 2:22 ec2m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִבְנֵ֣י בִנְיָמִ֔ן 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:36](../01/36.md). 2:22 v4w1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אֲבִידָ֖ן בֶּן־גִּדְעֹנִֽי 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:11](../01/11.md). 2:23 ls5e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדֵיהֶ֑ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [2:4](../02/04.md). 2:23 w7su rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers חֲמִשָּׁ֧ה וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְאַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת 1 See how you translated this number in [1:37](../01/37.md). 2:24 sh4p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כָּֽל־הַפְּקֻדִ֞ים לְמַחֲנֵ֣ה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [2:9](../02/09.md). 2:24 ft3h rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers מְאַ֥ת אֶ֛לֶף וּשְׁמֹֽנַת־ אֲלָפִ֥ים וּמֵאָ֖ה 1 Alternate translation: “are one hundred and eight thousand one hundred” 2:24 vo4r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְצִבְאֹתָ֑ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:3](../01/03.md). 2:24 bpqv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּשְׁלִשִׁ֖ים יִסָּֽעוּ 1 See how you translated set out in [2:9](../02/09.md).\n 2:24 jd35 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal וּשְׁלִשִׁ֖ים יִסָּֽעוּ 1 If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you could use a cardinal number here or an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “And they will set out after camp 2” or “And they will set out after Reuben’s camp”\n 2:25 c897 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit דֶּ֣גֶל מַחֲנֵ֥ה דָ֛ן 1 Here Yahweh implies that these instructions refer to three tribes, Dan, Asher, and Naphthali, camping together under the **banner** of **Dan**, as indicated in [2:25](../02/25.md)–[31](../02/31.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. See how you translated the similar expression in [2:3](../02/03.md). Alternate translation: “The three tribes of Dan, Asher, and Naphthali will unite themselves under the banner of the camp of Dan and”\n 2:25 p70m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit צָפֹ֖נָה 1 Here Yahweh implies that these people are camping **to the north** of the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “to the north of the tent of meeting”\n 2:25 j9fs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְצִבְאֹתָ֑ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:3](../01/03.md).\n 2:25 x5gy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִבְנֵ֣י דָ֔ן 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:38](../01/38.md). 2:25 v1i0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אֲחִיעֶ֖זֶר בֶּן־עַמִּֽישַׁדָּֽי 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:12](../01/12.md). 2:26 qyui rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדֵיהֶ֑ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [2:4](../02/04.md). 2:26 bk5e rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers שְׁנַ֧יִם וְשִׁשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וּשְׁבַ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת 1 See how you translated this number in [1:39](../01/39.md). 2:27 aesm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns עָלָ֖יו 1 Here the pronoun **him** refers to the tribe of Dan. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “beside the tribe of Dan” 2:27 punt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מַטֵּ֣ה אָשֵׁ֑ר 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:41](../01/41.md). 2:27 lrtp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִבְנֵ֣י אָשֵׁ֔ר 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:40](../01/40.md). 2:27 f852 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names פַּגְעִיאֵ֖ל בֶּן־עָכְרָֽן 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:13](../01/13.md). 2:28 wyu0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדֵיהֶ֑ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [2:4](../02/04.md). 2:28 ye8h rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers אֶחָ֧ד וְאַרְבָּעִ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת 1 See how you translated this number in [1:41](../01/41.md). 2:29 in94 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּמַטֵּ֖ה נַפְתָּלִ֑י 1 Here Yahweh implied that **the tribe of Naphtali** would also camp beside the tribe of Dan. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “The tribe of Naphtali also must camp beside Dan” 2:29 ovjk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וּמַטֵּ֖ה נַפְתָּלִ֑י 1 See how you translated **the tribe of Naphtali** in [1:43](../01/43.md). 2:29 vd0y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִבְנֵ֣י נַפְתָּלִ֔י 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:42](../01/42.md). 2:29 g9h9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אֲחִירַ֖ע בֶּן־עֵינָֽן 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:15](../01/15.md). 2:30 n9ns rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדֵיהֶ֑ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [2:4](../02/04.md). 2:30 l1yo rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers שְׁלֹשָׁ֧ה וַחֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְאַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת 1 See how you translated this number in [1:43](../01/43.md). 2:31 y0ue rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כָּל־הַפְּקֻדִים֙ לְמַ֣חֲנֵה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [2:9](../02/09.md). 2:31 m5mk rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers מְאַ֣ת אֶ֗לֶף וְשִׁבְעָ֧ה וַחֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְשֵׁ֣שׁ מֵא֑וֹת 1 Alternate translation: “are one hundred and fifty-seven thousand six hundred” 2:31 o8ph rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יִסְע֖וּ 1 See how you translated **set out** in [2:9](../02/09.md). 2:31 iupx rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown לְדִגְלֵיהֶֽם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [2:17](../02/17.md). 2:31 gah9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks לְדִגְלֵיהֶֽם 1 The direct speech that began in [2:2](../02/02.md) ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language. 2:32 ifg9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive פְּקוּדֵ֥י & פְּקוּדֵ֤י 1 See how you translated the same use of **counted ones** in [1:46](../01/46.md). 2:32 mdnz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 2:32 zjs1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 2:32 qn3h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְצִבְאֹתָ֔ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:3](../01/03.md). 2:32 a1g3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers שֵׁשׁ־מֵא֥וֹת אֶ֨לֶף֙ וּשְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֔ים וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת וַחֲמִשִּֽׁים 1 See how you translated this number in [1:46](../01/46.md). 2:33 eju2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast וְהַ֨לְוִיִּ֔ם לֹ֣א הָתְפָּקְד֔וּ 1 **And** introduces a contrast to what was expected. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast. Alternate translation: “But they did not count the Levites” 2:33 thnd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns לֹ֣א הָתְפָּקְד֔וּ 1 Here, **they** refers to Moses and Aaron. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly, as in the UST.\n 2:33 te2m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּת֖וֹךְ 1 See how you translated the same use of **in the midst of** in [1:47](../01/47.md). 2:33 s0nw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 2:34 hmeh rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory וַֽיַּעֲשׂ֖וּ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כְּ֠כֹל אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֨ה יְהוָ֜ה אֶת־מֹשֶׁ֗ה 1 See how you translated this clause in [1:54](../01/54.md). 2:34 l33z rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown לְדִגְלֵיהֶם֙ 1 See how you translated this phrase in [2:17](../02/17.md). 2:34 rc4w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit נָסָ֔עוּ 1 See how you translated **set out** in [2:9](../02/09.md). 2:34 yzgj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אִ֥ישׁ 1 See how you translated the same use of **a man** in [1:52](../01/52.md). 2:34 b8x2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖יו עַל־בֵּ֥ית אֲבֹתָֽיו 1 See how you translated the similar phrases in [1:2](../01/02.md). 3:intro d7r1 0 # Numbers 3 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\n1. Preparing to leave Sinai (1:1–10:10)\n * Counting and assembling the tribes (1:1–4:49)\n\nThis chapter describes the counting of Levite men and their assignments for taking care of the tent of meeting.\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### The tribe of Levi\n\nThe Levites had a special role in Israel. They were specially dedicated to serve Yahweh by offering sacrifices in the tent of meeting and taking care of that tent and everything involved in the system of sacrifices. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]])\n\n### Ransom\n\nIn [3:45](../03/45.md)–[51](../03/51.md), Yahweh requires the Israelites to pay a ransom to him for the firstborn males that he did not kill during the tenth plague in Egypt, as described in [Exodus 12:29](../exo/12/29.md) and [13:15](../exo/13/15.md). Because Yahweh did not kill the firstborn male people and animals among the Israelites, he considered them to owe him their lives. Instead of taking their lives, Yahweh chose the Levite men to be his special servants in their place. However, the number of Levites was 273 people less than the number of firstborn males, so Yahweh required the people to pay money to him to redeem those additional people. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/ransom]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/redeem]]) 3:1 h3ge rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent וְאֵ֛לֶּה 1 **And** here introduces a new event that happened separately from the events described in the previous chapter. Use the natural form in your language for introducing a new event. Alternate translation: “Now these” 3:1 z6cj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בְּי֗וֹם 1 In this context, **day** does not refer to one specific day, but rather, to a more general time, as in the UST.\n 3:2 r7t6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names נָדָ֑ב וַאֲבִיה֕וּא אֶלְעָזָ֖ר וְאִיתָמָֽר 1 **Nadab**, **Abihu**, **Eleazar**, and **Ithamar** are names of men. 3:3 ta14 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo אֵ֗לֶּה שְׁמוֹת֙ בְּנֵ֣י אַהֲרֹ֔ן 1 Since this clause is repeated from the previous verse, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here. Alternate translation (with no comma following): “They are”\n 3:3 tbud rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish הַמְּשֻׁחִ֑ים אֲשֶׁר־מִלֵּ֥א יָדָ֖ם 1 These clauses give further information about **the priests**. It is not making a distinction between **the priests** and **the ones who were anointed** or **whose hand he filled**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the relationship between these phrases clearer. Alternate translation: “that is, the ones who were anointed and whose hand he filled”\n 3:3 n7ww rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הַמְּשֻׁחִ֑ים אֲשֶׁר־מִלֵּ֥א יָדָ֖ם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. According to [Leviticus 8:30](../lev/08/30.md), Moses **anointed** these men. Alternate translation: “the ones whom Moses anointed and whose hands he filled” 3:3 tvyf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun אֲשֶׁר־מִלֵּ֥א יָדָ֖ם לְכַהֵֽן 1 Although **he** and **priest** are singular, here they refer to **the priests** in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “whose hands he filled to serve as priests” 3:3 ynh3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אֲשֶׁר־מִלֵּ֥א יָדָ֖ם 1 The expression **hand he filled** is an idiom that means to induct someone into the ministry and responsibilities of the priesthood. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “whom he dedicated”\n 3:4 q61f rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast וַיָּ֣מָת נָדָ֣ב וַאֲבִיה֣וּא 1 **And** introduces a contrast to what was stated in the previous verses. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast. Alternate translation: “But Nadab died and Abihu” 3:4 tb0o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure וַיָּ֣מָת נָדָ֣ב וַאֲבִיה֣וּא 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these words. Alternate translation: “And Nadab and Abihu died” 3:4 xts3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names נָדָ֣ב וַאֲבִיה֣וּא & וְאִ֣יתָמָ֔ר 1 See how you translated these names in [3:2](../03/02.md). 3:4 y1lm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִפְנֵ֣י & לִפְנֵ֤י & פְּנֵ֖י 1 Here the word **face** represents the presence of a person by association with the way people can see the face of someone who is present. Although **Yahweh** is present everywhere, he was uniquely present in a powerful way in the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before the presence of … before the presence of … the presence of”\n 3:4 w613 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֵ֨שׁ זָרָ֜ה 1 Here, **fire** refers to burning coals that Nadab and Abihu used to smolder the incense and cause it to smoke, as indicated the the account of this event in [Leviticus 10:1](../10/01.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly, as in the UST.\n 3:4 z49n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֵ֨שׁ זָרָ֜ה 1 The phrase **unfamiliar fire** indicates that something about the burning coals, the incense burned on them, or the manner in which **Nadab** and **Abihu** offered that incense was not according the Yahweh’s instructions for offering incense. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “unauthorized fire” or “prohibited fire”\n 3:4 pgh3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown בְּמִדְבַּ֣ר סִינַ֔י 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:1](../01/01.md). 3:4 yaat rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וּבָנִ֖ים לֹא־הָי֣וּ לָהֶ֑ם 1 This phrase indicates that **Nadab** and **Abihu** did not have any **sons** who could take over their work in the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and they had no sons” 3:4 hyg5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result וַיְכַהֵ֤ן אֶלְעָזָר֙ וְאִ֣יתָמָ֔ר 1 **And** here indicates that what follows is a result of what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a result of what came before. Alternate translation: “As a result, Eleazar served as priest and Ithamar”\n 3:4 ofce rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure וַיְכַהֵ֤ן אֶלְעָזָר֙ וְאִ֣יתָמָ֔ר 1 This phrase indicates that both **Eleazar** and **Ithamar** were priests. If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these words to make this clear. Alternate translation: “And Eleazar and Ithamar served as priests” 3:5 bncy rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה 1 **And** here introduces a new event that happened separately from the event described in the previous verse, but not after that event. Use the natural form in your language for introducing a new event. Alternate translation: “Now Yahweh spoke”\n 3:5 gjbe rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks לֵּאמֹֽר 1 Here, the word **saying** introduces direct speech that begins in the next verse and continues until [3:10](../03/10.md). Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.\n 3:6 e8en rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מַטֵּ֣ה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 3:6 grny rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns אֹת֔וֹ 1 Here, **it** refers to all the men of **the tribe of Levi**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “them” 3:6 do5g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִפְנֵ֖י 1 See how you translated the same use of this phrase in [3:4](../03/04.md). 3:7 rwpt rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry וְשָׁמְר֣וּ אֶת־מִשְׁמַרְתּ֗וֹ וְאֶת־מִשְׁמֶ֨רֶת֙ 1 In this verse, **keep** and **keeping** refer to performing duties for Aaron and **all the congregation**. The word **keeping** occurs twice as an emphatic construction in which a verb and its object are related words. See how you translated the similar phrase “keep the keeping” in [1:53](../01/53.md). 3:7 vax8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וְשָׁמְר֣וּ אֶת־מִשְׁמַרְתּ֗וֹ וְאֶת־מִשְׁמֶ֨רֶת֙ כָּל־הָ֣עֵדָ֔ה 1 Here Yahweh uses the possessive forms **his** and **of** to indicate that the Levites were supposed to perform their duties for the benefit of Aaron and **all the congregation**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “And they shall perform duties for him and for all the congregation” 3:7 jgrn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification לִפְנֵ֖י 1 Here Yahweh refers to working in the presence of **the tent of meeting** as if **the tent** were a person with a **face**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “in the presence of” 3:7 nful rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry לַעֲבֹ֖ד אֶת־עֲבֹדַ֥ת 1 The phrase **serve the service** is a construction in which a verb and its object are related words. You may be able to use the same construction in your language to express the meaning here. Alternatively, your language may have another way of showing the emphasis. 3:7 g965 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לַעֲבֹ֖ד 1 Here, **to** indicates that what follows is the means by which the Levites help Aaron and **all the congregation**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “by means of serving” 3:7 nplq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 1 3:8 zdb4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְשָׁמְר֗וּ 1 Here, **keep** refers to taking care of these **vessels**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And they shall care for” 3:8 cj2z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession כְּלֵי֙ אֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֔ד 1 Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe **vessels** that were used in **the tent of meeting**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the vessels that are used in the tent of meeting” 3:8 da22 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת 1 See how you translated the same use of **keeping** in the phrase “the keeping of all the congregation” in the previous verse. 3:8 jlf7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 3:8 pkf3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לַעֲבֹ֖ד אֶת־עֲבֹדַ֥ת הַמִּשְׁכָּֽן 1 See how you translated this phrase in the previous verse. 3:9 j739 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְנָתַתָּה֙ אֶת־הַלְוִיִּ֔ם & נְתוּנִ֨ם נְתוּנִ֥ם 1 Here Yahweh speaks of Moses assigning **the Levites** to serve **Aaron** and his family as if **the Levites** were objects that could be **given** to **Aaron and to his sons**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And you shall order the Levites to serve … are ordered to serve, ordered to serve” 3:9 krew rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular וְנָתַתָּה֙ 1 Here, **you** is singular and refers to Moses. See how you translated the same use of **you** in [1:3](../01/03.md). 3:9 p7wd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative וְנָתַתָּה֙ 1 Here, **shall** indicates a command. See how you translated the same use of **shall** in [1:3](../01/03.md). 3:9 pi6s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּלְבָנָ֑יו 1 Here, **sons** refers to male descendants. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and to his male descendants” 3:9 rdcm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive נְתוּנִ֨ם נְתוּנִ֥ם הֵ֨מָּה֙ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I have given them, given them” 3:9 jtof rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication נְתוּנִ֨ם נְתוּנִ֥ם הֵ֨מָּה֙ 1 Yahweh is repeating the word **given** in order to intensify the idea that it expresses. If your language can repeat words for intensification, it would be appropriate to do that here in your translation. If not, your language may have another way of expressing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “They are wholly given” 3:9 hn5e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns ל֔וֹ 1 Here, **him** refers to **Aaron** and his descendants. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “to Aaron and his descendants” 3:9 oz3g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 3:10 nnst rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative תִּפְקֹ֔ד 1 See how you translated the same use of **you shall** in the previous verse. 3:10 p0fm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְאֶת־בָּנָיו֙ 1 See how you translated the same use of **his sons** in the previous verse. 3:10 zr9n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְשָׁמְר֖וּ 1 See how you translated the same use of **keep** in [3:7](../03/07.md). 3:10 td9p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֶת־כְּהֻנָּתָ֑ם 1 Here, **their priesthood** refers to all the duties that members of **the priesthood** must perform. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “their priestly duties” 3:10 ftw6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְהַזָּ֥ר הַקָּרֵ֖ב יוּמָֽת 1 See how you translated this sentence in [1:51](../01/51.md). 3:10 t83u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks יוּמָֽת 1 The direct speech that began in [3:6](../03/06.md) ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language.\n 3:11 wos4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר 1 See how you translated this clause in [3:5](../03/05.md). 3:12 pcu8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet וַאֲנִ֞י הִנֵּ֧ה לָקַ֣חְתִּי 1 Here Yahweh repeats **I** to emphasize that he is the one who has chosen **the Levites** **instead of every firstborn**. If your language can repeat words for intensification, it would be appropriate to do that here in your translation. If not, your language may have another way of expressing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “And behold, I myself have taken” 3:12 ns85 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הִנֵּ֧ה 1 Yahweh is using the term **behold** to focus Moses’s attention on what he is about to say. Your language may have a comparable expression that you could use in your translation. Alternate translation: “listen” 3:12 t07q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לָקַ֣חְתִּי אֶת־הַלְוִיִּ֗ם מִתּוֹךְ֙ 1 Here Yahweh speaks of choosing **the Levites** **instead of every firstborn** as if he took them **from the midst of the sons of Israel**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I have selected the Levites from” 3:12 hjxp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל & מִבְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 See how you translated **the sons of Israel** in [1:2](../01/02.md). 3:12 j9z2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לָקַ֣חְתִּי אֶת־הַלְוִיִּ֗ם 1 Here Yahweh implies that he has **taken the Levites** to serve him at the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “I have taken the Levites to minister to me in the tent of meeting” 3:12 ths1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet בְּכ֛וֹר פֶּ֥טֶר רֶ֖חֶם 1 The word **firstborn** and the **the opening of the womb** refer to the same thing. Yahweh is using these together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase, as in the UST. 3:12 nx8k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּכ֛וֹר 1 Here, **firstborn** refers to **firstborn** males. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “firstborn son” 3:12 zz28 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result וְהָ֥יוּ לִ֖י הַלְוִיִּֽם 1 Here, **and** indicates that what follows is the result of what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a result of what came before. You may want to start a new sentence. Alternate translation: “As a result, the Levites are for me” 3:13 slyz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּכוֹר֒ & בְּכ֜וֹר & בְּכוֹר֙ 1 See how you translated the same use of **firstborn** in the previous verse. 3:13 n4lj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בְּיוֹם֩ 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:1](../03/01.md). 3:13 gdxz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הַכֹּתִ֨י 1 The phrase **striking down** refers to killing someone, which often involved **striking** someone so that the person falls **down** when he dies. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “my slaying” 3:13 ex6y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 Here, **Israel** refers to the people who descended from **Israel**. See the discussion of this in the [book introduction](../front/intro.md). 3:13 es50 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns בְּהֵמָ֑ה 1 The word **livestock** is singular in form, but it refers to all domesticated animals as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this plainly. Alternate translation: “domesticated animals” 3:13 eoto rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns לִ֥י יִהְי֖וּ 1 **They** here refers to **every firstborn in Israel**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “All the firstborn in Israel are for me” 3:14 mxhh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks וַיְדַבֵּ֤ר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה בְּמִדְבַּ֥ר סִינַ֖י לֵאמֹֽר 1 See how you translated the similar clause in [1:1](../01/01.md). 3:15 e8ff rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּנֵ֣י לֵוִ֔י 1 Here, **the sons of Levi** refers specifically to the male descendants of **Levi**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the male descendants of Levi” 3:15 n8dz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְבֵ֥ית אֲבֹתָ֖ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֑ם 1 See how you translated these clauses in [1:2](../01/02.md). 3:15 shw0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo תִּפְקְדֵֽם 1 Since this clause is repeated from the previous sentence, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here and combine this sentence with the previous sentence.\n 3:15 hhvy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom כָּל־זָכָ֛ר מִבֶּן־חֹ֥דֶשׁ וָמַ֖עְלָה 1 See how you translated the similar clause in [1:20](../01/20.md). 3:16 mn2a rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result וַיִּפְקֹ֥ד אֹתָ֛ם מֹשֶׁ֖ה 1 **And** here introduces the result of obeying the instructions stated in the previous clause. Use the most natural way in your language to indicate results. Alternate translation: “As a result, Moses counted them”\n 3:16 b96w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism עַל־פִּ֣י יְהוָ֑ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר צֻוָּֽה 1 These two clauses mean similar things. Moses is using repetition to emphasize the idea that the clauses express. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine the phrases and express the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “exactly in accordance with what Yahweh had commanded” 3:16 z0ii rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy פִּ֣י 1 Here, **mouth** refers to what **Yahweh** said, which a person would do by using his mouth. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the speech of” 3:16 rt9g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive צֻוָּֽה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh commanded him”\n 3:18 kcf7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֑ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 3:19 wuqv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֑ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 3:20 cow3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 3:20 aeon rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo אֵ֥לֶּה הֵ֛ם מִשְׁפְּחֹ֥ת 1 Since what **they** refers to is stated in the next phrase, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here. Alternate translation: “These are the clans of”\n 3:20 aufu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מִשְׁפְּחֹ֥ת הַלֵּוִ֖י 1 Here, **clans** refers to the three **clans** that descended from Levi’s three sons. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the three clans founded by the sons of Levi” 3:20 g9jn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְבֵ֥ית אֲבֹתָֽם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 3:21 cv91 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לְגֵ֣רְשׁ֔וֹן 1 See how you translated the same use of **Of** in the phrase “of Reuben” in [1:5](../01/05.md). 3:21 hr6s rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names הַלִּבְנִ֔י & הַשִּׁמְעִ֑י & הַגֵּרְשֻׁנִּֽי 1 **Libnite** refers to the people who descended from Libni, **Shimeite** refers to the people who descended from Shimei, and **Gershonite** refers to the people who descended from Gershon. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly, as in the UST. 3:21 j3id rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo אֵ֣לֶּה הֵ֔ם 1 See how you translated this clause in the previous verse. 3:22 a8rl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive פְּקֻדֵיהֶם֙ & פְּקֻ֣דֵיהֶ֔ם 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, [3:16](../03/16.md) indicates that Moses counted these men. Alternate translation: “Those whom Moses counted … those whom Moses counted”\n 3:22 qjoi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo פְּקֻדֵיהֶם֙ בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר כָּל־זָכָ֔ר מִבֶּן־חֹ֖דֶשׁ וָמָ֑עְלָה פְּקֻ֣דֵיהֶ֔ם שִׁבְעַ֥ת אֲלָפִ֖ים וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת 1 Since the same idea of **their counted ones** is repeated later in the verse, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here. You may need to change the order of the clauses in the sentence. Alternate translation: “Their counted ones were 7,500 by the number of every male from a son of a month and upward”\n 3:22 jre1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom כָּל־זָכָ֔ר מִבֶּן־חֹ֖דֶשׁ וָמָ֑עְלָה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:15](../03/15.md). 3:22 rd1e rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers שִׁבְעַ֥ת אֲלָפִ֖ים וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת 1 Alternate translation: “were seventy-five hundred” or “were seven thousand five hundred” 3:23 v6y8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names מִשְׁפְּחֹ֖ת הַגֵּרְשֻׁנִּ֑י 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:21](../03/21.md). 3:23 zdta rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יָֽמָּה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [2:18](../02/18.md). 3:24 lkex rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בֵֽית־אָ֖ב 1 See how you translated the similar phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 3:24 s06i rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names לַגֵּרְשֻׁנִּ֑י 1 See how you translated this phrase is in the previous verse. 3:24 z5w4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אֶלְיָסָ֖ף & לָאֵֽל 1 **Eliasaph** and **Lael** are names of men. 3:25 vmdz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּמִשְׁמֶ֤רֶת 1 Here, **the keeping** refers to the responsibility to take care of **the tent of meeting**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. See how you translated the similar use of **keeping** in [1:53](../01/53.md). Alternate translation: “And the responsibility of” 3:25 l841 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּנֵֽי־גֵרְשׁוֹן֙ 1 Here, **sons** refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of **sons** in [3:9](../03/09.md). 3:25 j3mi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הַמִּשְׁכָּ֖ן וְהָאֹ֑הֶל 1 Here, **and** indicates that what follows are different items included with **the Dwelling**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the Dwelling, which includes the tent” 3:26 una5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְקַלְעֵ֣י הֶֽחָצֵ֗ר 1 The phrase **hangings of the courtyard** refers to the curtains that were used to form a fence around **the courtyard**, as described in [Exodus 27:9](.../exo/27/09.md)–[15](../exo/27/15.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and the curtains hanging around the courtyard” 3:26 xx8u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun וְאֵת֙ מֵֽיתָרָ֔יו לְכֹ֖ל עֲבֹדָתֽוֹ 1 In this clause, the word **its** represents the previously mentioned parts of the tent of meeting in general, not one particular part of it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “and their ropes for all their service” 3:26 zgv4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns לְכֹ֖ל עֲבֹדָתֽוֹ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **service**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “for all that serves it” or “for all maintaining of it” 3:27 v53a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וְלִקְהָ֗ת מִשְׁפַּ֤חַת הַֽעַמְרָמִי֙ וּמִשְׁפַּ֣חַת הַיִּצְהָרִ֔י וּמִשְׁפַּ֨חַת֙ הַֽחֶבְרֹנִ֔י וּמִשְׁפַּ֖חַת הָֽעָזִּיאֵלִ֑י אֵ֥לֶּה הֵ֖ם מִשְׁפְּחֹ֥ת הַקְּהָתִֽי 1 See how you translated the similar clauses in [3:21](../03/21.md). 3:27 h7g7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names וְלִקְהָ֗ת 1 See how you translated **Kohath** in [3:17](../03/17.md). 3:27 w72b rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names הַֽעַמְרָמִי֙ & הַיִּצְהָרִ֔י & הַֽחֶבְרֹנִ֔י & הָֽעָזִּיאֵלִ֑י & הַקְּהָתִֽי 1 **Amramite** refers to the people who descended from Amram, **Izharite** refers to the people who descended from Izhar, **Hebronite** refers to the people who descended from Hebron, **Uzzielite** refers to the people who descended from Uzziel, and **Kohathite** refers to the people who descended from **Kohath**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly, as in the UST.\n 3:28 t7j7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בְּמִסְפַּר֙ כָּל־זָכָ֔ר מִבֶּן־חֹ֖דֶשׁ וָמָ֑עְלָה 1 See how you translated this clause in [3:22](../03/22.md). 3:28 isl5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers שְׁמֹנַ֤ת אֲלָפִים֙ וְשֵׁ֣שׁ מֵא֔וֹת 1 Alternate translation: “eight thousand six hundred males” 3:28 b3cg rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry שֹׁמְרֵ֖י מִשְׁמֶ֥רֶת 1 See how you translated the similar phrase in [1:53](../01/53.md). 3:29 xjp1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy תֵּימָֽנָה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [2:10](../02/10.md). 3:30 nwhw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בֵֽית־אָ֖ב 1 See how you translated the similar phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md).\n 3:30 e5m3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אֶלִיצָפָ֖ן בֶּן־עֻזִּיאֵֽל 1 **Elizaphan** and **Uzziel** are names of men. 3:31 i5y8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּמִשְׁמַרְתָּ֗ם 1 See how you translated the same use of **keeping** in [3:25](../03/25.md). 3:31 n0mc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun עֲבֹדָתֽוֹ 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:26](../03/26.md). 3:32 t441 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis פְּקֻדַּ֕ת 1 Moses is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “he had the oversight” 3:32 w6pi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns פְּקֻדַּ֕ת 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **oversight**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “overseeing” 3:32 ow78 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry שֹׁמְרֵ֖י מִשְׁמֶ֥רֶת הַקֹּֽדֶשׁ 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:28](../03/28.md). 3:33 a11m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לִמְרָרִ֕י מִשְׁפַּ֨חַת֙ הַמַּחְלִ֔י וּמִשְׁפַּ֖חַת הַמּוּשִׁ֑י אֵ֥לֶּה הֵ֖ם מִשְׁפְּחֹ֥ת מְרָרִֽי 1 See how you translated the similar clauses in [3:21](../03/21.md). 3:33 r9tz rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names לִמְרָרִ֕י & מְרָרִֽי 1 See how you translated this name in [3:17](../03/17.md). 3:33 gw6e rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names הַמַּחְלִ֔י & הַמּוּשִׁ֑י 1 **Mahlite** refers to the people who descended from Mahli and **Mushite** refers to the people who descended from Mushi. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly, as in the UST.\n 3:34 sjg6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּפְקֻדֵיהֶם֙ בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר כָּל־זָכָ֔ר מִבֶּן־חֹ֖דֶשׁ וָמָ֑עְלָה 1 See how you translated this clause in [3:22](../03/22.md).\n 3:34 ac3x rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers שֵׁ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים וּמָאתָֽיִם 1 Alternate translation: “were six thousand two hundred” 3:35 xag4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּנְשִׂ֤יא בֵֽית־אָב֙ לְמִשְׁפְּחֹ֣ת 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:30](../03/30.md). 3:35 wckr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names צוּרִיאֵ֖ל & אֲבִיחָ֑יִל 1 **Zuriel** and **Abihail** are names of men. 3:35 y9rf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit צָפֹֽנָה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [2:25](../02/25.md). 3:36 vpdq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וּפְקֻדַּ֣ת 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **oversight** in [3:32](../03/32.md).\n 3:36 y9hg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מִשְׁמֶרֶת֮ 1 See how you translated the same use of **keeping** in [3:25](../03/25.md).\n 3:36 s58r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּנֵ֣י מְרָרִי֒ 1 Here, **sons** refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of **sons** in [3:9](../03/09.md). 3:36 v1sn rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown קַרְשֵׁי֙ 1 Here, **frames** refers to open wooden structures made to hold the curtains. If a translation is available in your language, see how it translates this term in [Exodus 26:15](../exo/26/15.md). 3:36 d511 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וּבְרִיחָ֖יו 1 The **crossbars** are horizontal support beams that give stability to the structure. If a translation is available in your language, see how it translates this term in [Exodus 26:26](../exo/26/26.md).\n 3:36 d6mz rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וַאֲדָנָ֑יו 1 These **bases** were silver blocks that had a slot in them to keep the board in place and off the ground. If a translation is available in your language, see how it translates this term in [Exodus 26:19](../exo/26/19.md).\n 3:36 m5e9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וְכֹ֖ל עֲבֹדָתֽוֹ 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:31](../03/31.md). 3:37 rg94 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְעַמֻּדֵ֧י הֶחָצֵ֛ר 1 The phrase **the pillars of the courtyard** refers to the bronze posts that were used to form a fence around the courtyard, as described in [Exodus 27:9](../exo/27/09.md)–[15](../exo/27/15.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and the posts around the courtyard” 3:37 x3i8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֑ם וִיתֵדֹתָ֖ם וּמֵֽיתְרֵיהֶֽם 1 Here, **bases**, **pegs**, and **ropes** refer to the items used to secure the pillars and curtains of **the courtyard** fence into place. If a translation is available in your language, see how it translates this term in [Exodus 27:9](../exo/27/09.md)–[19](../exo/27/19.md). 3:38 hj8g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification לִפְנֵ֣י & לִפְנֵי֩ 1 See how you translated the same use of this phrase in [3:7](../03/07.md). 3:38 i8cn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism לִפְנֵ֣י הַמִּשְׁכָּ֡ן קֵ֣דְמָה לִפְנֵי֩ אֹֽהֶל־מוֹעֵ֨ד ׀ מִזְרָ֜חָה 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. Moses is using the two clauses together for emphasize that the descendants of Moses and Aaron camped in an honored place nearest to **the Dwelling**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine the phrases and express the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “nearest to the front of the eastern side of the tent of meeting”\n 3:38 t3vw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּבָנָ֗יו 1 Here, **sons** refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of **sons** in [3:9](../03/09.md). 3:38 e1fr rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry שֹֽׁמְרִים֙ מִשְׁמֶ֣רֶת הַמִּקְדָּ֔שׁ 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:28](../03/28.md). 3:38 tda3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְמִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 See how you translated **the keeping of the sons of Israel** in [3:8](../03/08.md). 3:38 bd3s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְהַזָּ֥ר הַקָּרֵ֖ב יוּמָֽת 1 See how you translated this sentence in [1:51](../01/51.md). 3:39 h8bi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כָּל־פְּקוּדֵ֨י & אֲשֶׁר֩ פָּקַ֨ד מֹשֶׁ֧ה וְׄאַׄהֲׄרֹ֛ׄןׄ 1 see how you translated these phrases in [1:44](../01/44.md). 3:39 qlew rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עַל־פִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה 1 See how you translated this clause in [3:16](../03/16.md). 3:39 zv61 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֑ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 3:39 uraf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom כָּל־זָכָר֙ מִבֶּן־חֹ֣דֶשׁ וָמַ֔עְלָה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:15](../03/15.md). 3:39 mb36 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers שְׁנַ֥יִם וְעֶשְׂרִ֖ים אָֽלֶף׃ 1 Alternate translation: “were twenty-two thousand” 3:40 q2f6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה 1 This clause introduces direct speech that begins in this verse and continues to the end of the next verse. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.\n 3:40 ov8q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 3:40 m42b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִבֶּן־חֹ֖דֶשׁ וָמָ֑עְלָה 1 See how you translated this phrase in the previous verse. 3:40 jb87 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְשָׂ֕א אֵ֖ת מִסְפַּ֥ר שְׁמֹתָֽם 1 This sentence could mean: (1) to write down a list of **names**. Alternate translation: “And write down their names” (2) to write down **the number** of **names** that are counted. Alternate translation: “And write down the number of their names”\n 3:40 xl9p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שְׁמֹתָֽם 1 Here, **names** refers to the **names** of the males whom Moses would count. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the names of those counted” 3:41 v0yw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure וְלָקַחְתָּ֨ אֶת־הַלְוִיִּ֥ם לִי֙ אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֔ה 1 **Yahweh** interrupts the sentence with the statement **I am Yahweh** in order to emphasize that he wanted **the Levites** for himself. If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these clauses. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, want you to take the Levites for me” 3:41 u8ij rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בִּבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל & בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 3:41 fvi6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּכֹ֖ר & בְּכ֔וֹר 1 In this verse, **firstborn** refers specifically to **firstborn** males. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the firstborn males of … the firstborn males” 3:41 cum8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns בֶּהֱמַ֣ת & בְּבֶהֱמַ֖ת 1 See how you translated **livestock** in [3:13](../03/13.md). 3:42 z72r rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result וַיִּפְקֹ֣ד מֹשֶׁ֔ה 1 **And** here introduces the result of obeying the instructions stated in the previous clause. See how you translated the same use of **And** in [3:16](../03/16.md).\n 3:42 qer2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּכֹ֖ר 1 See how you translated the same use of **firstborn** in the previous verse. 3:42 xv5g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בִּבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 3:43 bd9a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּמִסְפַּ֥ר שֵׁמ֛וֹת 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 3:43 zrj1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִבֶּן־חֹ֥דֶשׁ וָמַ֖עְלָה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:15](../03/15.md). 3:43 b0yl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לִפְקֻדֵיהֶ֑ם 1 See how you translated **their counted ones** in [3:22](../03/22.md).\n 3:43 rk27 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers שְׁנַ֤יִם וְעֶשְׂרִים֙ אֶ֔לֶף שְׁלֹשָׁ֥ה וְשִׁבְעִ֖ים וּמָאתָֽיִם 1 Alternate translation: “was twenty-two thousand two hundred and seventy-three men” 3:44 sc63 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations לֵּאמֹֽר 1 Here, the word **saying** introduces direct speech that continues until [3:48](../03/48.md). Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.\n 3:45 t2fh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תַּ֤חַת כָּל־בְּכוֹר֙ בִּבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 See how you translated the nearly identical phrase in [3:41](../03/41.md). 3:45 ixty rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns בֶּהֱמַ֥ת & בְּהֶמְתָּ֑ם 1 See how you translated **livestock** in [3:13](../03/13.md). 3:45 zywg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּהֶמְתָּ֑ם 1 Here Yahweh implies the firstborn male **livestock**, as stated in [3:41](../03/41.md). If it would be helpful in your language you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “their firstborn male livestock” 3:46 o10s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit פְּדוּיֵ֣י 1 Here, **ransoms** refers to money that must be paid to purchase the lives of the additional 273 firstborn mentioned in this verse. See the discussion of this in the [General Notes](../03/intro.md) for this chapter. 3:46 asd9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers הַשְּׁלֹשָׁ֔ה וְהַשִּׁבְעִ֖ים וְהַמָּאתָ֑יִם 1 Alternate translation: “the two hundred seventy-three” 3:46 cyy4 הַשְּׁלֹשָׁ֔ה וְהַשִּׁבְעִ֖ים וְהַמָּאתָ֑יִם הָעֹֽדְפִים֙ עַל־הַלְוִיִּ֔ם מִבְּכ֖וֹר בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 This means that there were **273** more firstborn males among the other tribes of the Israelites than there are total number of Levite males. 3:46 k7c3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish הָעֹֽדְפִים֙ עַל־הַלְוִיִּ֔ם מִבְּכ֖וֹר בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 This clause gives further information about **the 273**. It is not making a distinction between **the 273** and **the ones in excess**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the relationship between these phrases clearer. Alternate translation: “that is, the ones in excess over the Levites from the firstborn of the sons of Israel”\n 3:46 g2tq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מִבְּכ֖וֹר בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:41](../03/41.md). 3:47 i4c5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative וְלָקַחְתָּ֗ & תִּקָּ֔ח 1 In this verse, **shall** indicates a command. See how you translated the same use of **shall** in [1:3](../01/03.md).\n 3:47 vgw3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney חֲמֵ֧שֶׁת חֲמֵ֛שֶׁת שְׁקָלִ֖ים & הַשָּֽׁקֶל 1 A **shekel** was an amount of silver that weighed about 11 grams. You could try to express this amount in terms of current monetary values, but that might cause your Bible translation to become outdated and inaccurate, since those values can change over time. So instead you might state something more general or give the equivalent in wages. Alternate translation: “55 grams, 55 grams of silver … is 11 grams of silver” 3:47 zecs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication חֲמֵ֧שֶׁת חֲמֵ֛שֶׁת 1 Yahweh repeats the same word **five** in order to emphasize the exact amount. If your language can repeat words for emphasis, it would be appropriate to do that here in your translation. If not, your language may have another way of expressing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “precisely five” 3:47 ooxe rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לַגֻּלְגֹּ֑לֶת 1 See how you translated the same use of “skulls” in [1:2](../01/02.md). 3:47 ijv4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney בְּשֶׁ֤קֶל הַקֹּ֨דֶשׁ֙ 1 The silver **shekel** that was used in **the holy place** was an ancient measurement of the weight of silver that functioned as a currency, equivalent to approximately 11 grams or two-fifths of an ounce of silver. You could try to express this amount in terms of the current monetary value of silver, but that might cause your translation to become outdated and inaccurate since those values can change over time. Instead, consider using a generic phrase. Alternate translation: “by the standard weight of silver that is used by the priests in the holy place”\n 3:47 djw5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight עֶשְׂרִ֥ים גֵּרָ֖ה 1 A “gerah” is a unit of weight equal to about 0.57 kilograms. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express this in terms of modern measurements, either in the text or a footnote. 3:48 g4uw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative וְנָתַתָּ֣ה 1 In this verse, **shall** indicates a command. See how you translated the same use of **shall** in [1:3](../01/03.md). 3:48 oek5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הָעֹדְפִ֖ים בָּהֶֽם 1 This phrase refers to the 273 firstborn male Israelites mentioned in [3:46](../03/46.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the 273 in excess among the firstborn Israelite males” 3:48 rgbp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks בָּהֶֽם 1 The direct speech that began in [3:45](../03/45.md) ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language.\n 3:49 qw8t rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result וַיִּקַּ֣ח מֹשֶׁ֔ה 1 **And** here indicates that what follows is a result of what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a result of what came before. Alternate translation: “As a result, Moses took”\n 3:49 lvmt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession כֶּ֣סֶף הַפִּדְי֑וֹם 1 Here Moses uses the possessive form to describe **the silver** that was **the ransom**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the silver, that is, the ransom” 3:49 lo8b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הָעֹ֣דְפִ֔ים עַ֖ל 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:46](../03/46.md). 3:49 abki rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive פְּדוּיֵ֥י הַלְוִיִּֽם 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the ones whom the Levites ransomed” 3:49 spku rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit פְּדוּיֵ֥י 1 Here, **ransomed** refers to paying for lives by substituting them with other lives, whereas **ransom** earlier in the verse referred to paying for lives with money. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the ones substituted by” or “the ones who were replaced by” 3:50 udxw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּכ֛וֹר בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:41](../03/41.md). 3:50 h971 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers חֲמִשָּׁ֨ה וְשִׁשִּׁ֜ים וּשְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵא֛וֹת וָאֶ֖לֶף 1 Alternate translation: “one thousand three hundred and sixty-five” 3:50 gkvu rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight בְּשֶׁ֥קֶל הַקֹּֽדֶשׁ 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:47](../03/47.md). 3:51 u72d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession כֶּ֧סֶף הַפְּדֻיִ֛ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:49](../03/49.md). 3:51 gn66 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism עַל־פִּ֣י יְהוָ֑ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר צִוָּ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־מֹשֶֽׁה 1 These two clauses mean similar things. Moses is using repetition to emphasize the idea that the clauses express. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine the phrases and express the emphasis in another way. See how you translated this similar clauses in [3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “exactly in accordance with what Yahweh had commanded”\n 3:51 pt1a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עַל־פִּ֣י יְהוָ֑ה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:16](../03/16.md). 4:intro c4x5 0 # Numbers 4 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\n1. Preparing to leave Sinai (1:1–10:10)\n * Counting and assembling the tribes (1:1–4:49)\n\nThis chapter describes the assignments Yahweh gave to each of the families who descended from Levi with regard for taking care of and transporting the tent of meeting. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]])\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### The tribe of Levi\n\nThe Levites had a special role in Israel. They were specially dedicated to serve Yahweh by offering sacrifices in the tent of meeting and taking care of that tent and everything involved in the system of sacrifices. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]])\n\n## Possible Translation Difficulties in this Chapter\n\n### “A son of 30 years and upward and up to a son of 50 years”\n\nThe phrase “a son of … years” is an idiom that refers to the age of a man. The longer phrase here refers to a man who is at least 30 years old and at most 50 years old. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “a man who is at least 30 years old and at most 50 years old” or “a man who is between 30 years or and 50 years old” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])\n 4:1 y26w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks לֵאמֹֽר 1 Here the word **saying** introduces direct speech that continues until [4:20](../04/20.md). Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.\n 4:2 png1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom נָשֹׂ֗א אֶת־רֹאשׁ֙ 1 See how you translated the nearly identical idiom in [1:2](../01/02.md). 4:2 ebs2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּנֵ֣י & בְּנֵ֣י 1 In this verse, **sons** refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of **sons* in [3:9](../03/09.md). 4:2 vnqr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy קְהָ֔ת 1 See how you translated this name in [3:17](../03/17.md). 4:2 dsln rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֥ית אֲבֹתָֽם 1 See how you translated these clauses in [1:2](../01/02.md). 4:3 j52n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִבֶּ֨ן שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה וְעַ֖ד בֶּן־חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֑ה 1 See the discussion of this phrase in the [General Notes](../04/intro.md) for this chapter. 4:3 xcf4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns לַצָּבָ֔א 1 The word **company** is singular in form, but it refers to several people who work together as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “to the team of workers” 4:4 y6jy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns עֲבֹדַ֥ת בְּנֵי־קְהָ֖ת 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **service**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “is what the sons of Kohath will do to serve” 4:4 ym89 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּנֵי־קְהָ֖ת 1 See how you translated this phrase in [4:2](../04/02.md). 4:4 uyb1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis קֹ֖דֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִֽׁים 1 Yahweh is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “concerning the holiest holy things” 4:5 r2l6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּבָנָיו֙ 1 See how you translated the same use of **sons** in the previous verse. 4:5 vu3s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֔ה 1 Here, **camp** refers to the people dwelling in the camp. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the people in the camp” 4:5 wvls rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בִּנְסֹ֣עַ 1 See how you translated the same use of “set out” in [2:9](../02/09.md). 4:5 y9b2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession פָּרֹ֣כֶת הַמָּסָ֑ךְ 1 Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe the **curtain** that is characterized by **covering**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the covering curtain” 4:6 q046 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns עָלָ֗יו 1 Here, **it** refers to both “the box of the testimony” and “the curtain of the covering” that covers the box, as mentioned in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “upon the box and its covering” 4:6 amjx rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown ע֣וֹר תַּ֔חַשׁ 1 Although the meaning of this word is not certain, many scholars believe it refers to a **porpoise**, which is a water mammal that has skin that can be made into high-quality leather. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of sea animal, you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “durable animal skin” 4:6 td43 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בֶֽגֶד־כְּלִ֛יל תְּכֵ֖לֶת 1 Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe a **cloth** that is **entirely** **blue** in color. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “an entirely blue cloth” 4:6 moz7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מִלְמָ֑עְלָה 1 Here Yahweh implies that this **cloth** should be **spread** **above** the “box of the testimony,” “the covering,” and **the skin of the porpoise**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “above all these things” 4:6 xsjk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns בַּדָּֽיו 1 Here, **its** refers to “the box of the testimony” mentioned in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the box’s poles” 4:6 ebg6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בַּדָּֽיו 1 These **poles** were inserted into rings on the sides of the ark so that the poles could be used to carry the ark, as explained in [Exodus 25:14](../exo/25/14.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the poles into the rings on the sides of the box in order to carry it” 4:7 iaz3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy שֻׁלְחַ֣ן הַפָּנִ֗ים 1 Here, **faces** represents the presence of Yahweh. This **table** was placed before the presence of Yahweh in the tent of meeting and Levite were to place on it special **bread** for Yahweh, as described in [Exodus 25:30](../exo/25/30.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar use of “ face” in [3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “the table in Yahweh’s presence” or “the table of the presence”\n 4:7 xivj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בֶּ֣גֶד תְּכֵלֶת֒ 1 See how you translated the similar phrase “a cloth entirely of blue” in the previous verse. 4:7 zvi8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns עָ֠לָיו & עָלָ֥יו 1 In this verse, **it** refers to **the cloth of blue** that covers **the table**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “on that cloth … on that cloth” 4:7 n7oh אֶת־הַקְּעָרֹ֤ת וְאֶת־הַכַּפֹּת֙ וְאֶת־הַמְּנַקִּיֹּ֔ת וְאֵ֖ת קְשׂ֣וֹת 1 If a translation exists in your language, see how the words **plates**, **palm-sized pans**, **bowls**, and **pitchers** are translated in [Exodus 25:29](../exo/25/29.md) and [37:16](../exo/37/16.md). 4:7 y4f7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession קְשׂ֣וֹת הַנָּ֑סֶךְ 1 Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe **pitchers** that were used for pouring out the **drink offering**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the pitchers for the drink offering” 4:7 lbp4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun הַנָּ֑סֶךְ 1 The phrase **drink offering** represents drink offerings in general, not one particular drink offering. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “drink offerings” 4:7 ve2z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וְלֶ֥חֶם הַתָּמִ֖יד 1 Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe **the bread** that the Levites were to offer to Yahweh continually. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “and the bread that should be offered continually” 4:8 dai4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בֶּ֚גֶד תּוֹלַ֣עַת שָׁנִ֔י 1 Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe **a cloth** that was made **scarlet** in color by using a dye produced from **worms**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “a cloth that has been dyed scarlet” 4:8 brmp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns אֹת֔וֹ 1 Here, **it** refers to **a cloth of the worms of scarlet**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “that cloth” 4:8 yzq6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown בְּמִכְסֵ֖ה ע֣וֹר תָּ֑חַשׁ 1 See how you translated the same phrase in [4:6](../04/06.md). 4:8 p2ab rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְשָׂמ֖וּ אֶת־בַּדָּֽיו 1 These **poles** were inserted into rings on the sides of the table so that the **poles** could be used to carry it, as explained in [Exodus 25:26](../exo/25/26.md)–[28](../exo/25/28.md). See how you translated the similar use of this clause in [4:6](../04/06.md). 4:8 y76r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns בַּדָּֽיו 1 Here, **its** refers to the table mentioned in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “that table” 4:9 zbm7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בֶּ֣גֶד תְּכֵ֗לֶת 1 See how you translated this phrase in [4:7](../04/07.md). 4:9 h8fk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession אֶת־מְנֹרַ֤ת הַמָּאוֹר֙ 1 Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe **the lampstand** that is used for **the light source** in the tent of meeting. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the lampstand that is used for light” 4:9 wwug אֶת־מְנֹרַ֤ת & וְאֶת־נֵ֣רֹתֶ֔יהָ וְאֶת־מַלְקָחֶ֖יהָ וְאֶת־מַחְתֹּתֶ֑יהָ 1 If a translation exists in your language, see how the words **lampstand**, **lamps**, **snuffers**, and **trays** are translated in [Exodus 25:31](../exo/25/31.md)–[38](../exo/25/38.md). 4:9 j2m6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession כְּלֵ֣י שַׁמְנָ֔הּ 1 Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe **the vessels** that contained the **oil** that was burned in **the lamps** for producing light. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the vessels for its oil” 4:9 xka6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification יְשָׁרְתוּ 1 Here Yahweh refers to the Levites supplying **oil** to keep the **lamps** on **the lampstand** burning as if **the lampstand** were a person whom **they serve**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the provide oil to” 4:10 uv7g אֹתָהּ֙ וְאֶת־כָּל־כֵּלֶ֔יהָ & וְנָתְנ֖וּ 1 Here, **its** and the first occurrence**it** refer to the lampstand mentioned in the previous verse, but the second occurrence of **it** refers to **the covering** that contains the lampstand **and all its vessels**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the lampstand and its vessels … and they shall put the covering and everything in it” 4:10 qfi1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מִכְסֵ֖ה ע֣וֹר תָּ֑חַשׁ 1 See how you translated this phrase in [4:6](../04/06.md). 4:11 wc59 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מִזְבַּ֣ח הַזָּהָ֗ב 1 Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe **the altar** that was overlaid with **gold**, as described in [Exodus 30:1](../exo/30/01.md)–[6](../exo/30/06.md). If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the altar overlaid with gold”\n 4:11 iama rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בֶּ֣גֶד תְּכֵ֔לֶת 1 See how you translated this phrase in [4:7](../04/07.md). 4:11 imgr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וְכִסּ֣וּ אֹת֔וֹ בְּמִכְסֵ֖ה ע֣וֹר תָּ֑חַשׁ 1 See how you translated this clause in [4:8](../04/08.md). 4:11 tyb6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְשָׂמ֖וּ אֶת־בַּדָּֽיו 1 These **poles** were inserted into rings on the sides of **the altar** so that the **poles** could be used to carry it, as explained in [Exodus 30:4](../exo/30/04.md)–[5](../exo/30/05.md). See how you translated the similar use of this clause in [4:6](../04/06.md). 4:12 lk6l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo כְּלֵ֨י הַשָּׁרֵ֜ת אֲשֶׁ֧ר יְשָֽׁרְתוּ־בָ֣ם 1 The expression **service with which they serve** contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “the implements with which they serve” 4:12 ek74 בֶּ֣גֶד תְּכֵ֔לֶת 1 See how you translated this phrase in [4:7](../04/07.md). 4:12 tfha rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וְכִסּ֣וּ אוֹתָ֔ם בְּמִכְסֵ֖ה ע֣וֹר תָּ֑חַשׁ 1 See how you translated the similar clause in [4:8](../04/08.md). 4:13 ik1y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חַ 1 Here, **the altar** refers to **the altar** that was overlaid with bronze and was placed in front of the tent of meeting, as described in [Exodus 27:1](../exo/27/01.md)–[8](../exo/27/08.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the altar overlaid with bronze” 4:14 x6cq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo כֹּ֖ל כְּלֵ֣י הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חַ 1 Since the phrase **all its implements** and **all the implements of the altar** mean the same thing, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here, as in the UST.\n 4:14 jz4e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns עָלָ֗יו 1 Here, **it** refers to both **the altar** and **all its implements**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “on all those items” 4:14 t5pe rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown כְּס֛וּי ע֥וֹר תַּ֖חַשׁ 1 See how you translated this phrase in [4:6](../04/06.md). 4:14 e3cf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְשָׂמ֥וּ בַדָּֽיו 1 These **poles** were inserted into rings on the sides of **the altar** so that the poles could be used to carry the ark, as explained in [Exodus 27:6](../exo/27/06.md)–[7](../exo/27/07.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the poles into the rings on the sides of the altar in order to carry it”\n 4:15 lah8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּ֠בָנָיו & בְנֵי & בְנֵֽי 1 In this verse, **sons** refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of **sons* in [3:9](../03/09.md). 4:15 g62y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בִּנְסֹ֣עַ הַֽמַּחֲנֶה֒ 1 See how you translated this clause in [4:5](../04/05.md). 4:15 v6kc rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names קְהָת֙ & קְהָ֖ת 1 See how you translated this name in [3:17](../03/17.md). 4:15 qmf7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun הַקֹּ֖דֶשׁ 1 The phrase **the holy thing** represents the **holy** items used in **the holy place** and the parts of **the holy place** in general, not one particular **holy thing**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “the holy things” 4:15 mau2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מַשָּׂ֥א 1 The word **load** refers to all the items that **the sons of Kohath** must carry when the Israelites travel to another location. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “are the things that must be carried by” 4:16 f9nu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וּפְקֻדַּ֞ת & פְּקֻדַּ֗ת 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **oversight** in [3:32](../03/32.md). 4:16 qtad rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession שֶׁ֤מֶן הַמָּאוֹר֙ 1 Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe **the oil** that is burned to produce **light** in the tent of meeting. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the oil that is used for light”\n 4:16 pm4o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וּקְטֹ֣רֶת הַסַּמִּ֔ים 1 Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe **the incense** that is made up various **spices** that are described in [Exodus 30:34](../exo/30/34.md)–[38](../exo/30/38.md). If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the incense that is made of spices” 4:16 ok4w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וּמִנְחַ֥ת הַתָּמִ֖יד 1 Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe **the grain offering** that the Levites were to offer to Yahweh continually. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. See how you translated the same use of **continuity** in [4:7](../04/07.md).\n 4:16 qxzb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וְשֶׁ֣מֶן הַמִּשְׁחָ֑ה 1 Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe **the oil** that was poured on the priests, all the parts of the tent of meeting, and the items used in it ([Exodus 30:22](../exo/30/22.md)–[38](../exo/30/38.md)). If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the oil that is used for anointing” 4:16 u8xn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo פְּקֻדַּ֗ת 1 Since **the oversight** is repeated from earlier in the verse, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here, as in the UST.\n 4:16 d6a9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks וּבְכֵלָֽיו 1 The direct speech that began in [4:2](../04/02.md) ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language.\n 4:17 u5dz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks לֵאמֹֽר 1 Here the word **saying** introduces direct speech that continues until [4:20](../04/20.md). Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.\n 4:18 aq3k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אַל־תַּכְרִ֕יתוּ אֶת־שֵׁ֖בֶט מִשְׁפְּחֹ֣ת הַקְּהָתִ֑י 1 Here, **cut off** refers to being killed. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Do not let the tribe of the clans of the Kohathite be killed” 4:18 nvnd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אַל־ תַּכְרִ֕יתוּ אֶת־ שֵׁ֖בֶט מִשְׁפְּחֹ֣ת הַקְּהָתִ֑י מִתּ֖וֹךְ הַלְוִיִּֽם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Do not let the tribe of the clans of the Kohathite die” 4:18 cg6p rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names הַקְּהָתִ֑י 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:27](../03/27.md). 4:19 ikfc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet וְחָיוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א יָמֻ֔תוּ 1 The word **live** and the phrase **not die** mean the same thing. Yahweh is using these together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “and they will certainly live” 4:19 bfh5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal וְחָיוּ֙ 1 Here, **and** indicates that what follows is the goal or purpose for the command in this verse. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that this is the purpose. Alternate translation (with no comma preceding): “so that they will live” 4:19 wzya rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּבָנָיו֙ 1 Here, **sons** refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of **sons* in [3:9](../03/09.md). 4:19 kga6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יָבֹ֔אוּ 1 Here Yahweh implies that **Aaron and his sons** **enter** into the holy place. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly, as in the UST. 4:19 up37 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְשָׂמ֣וּ 1 Here Yahweh refers to assigning work to the Kohathites as if one were placing **them** in locations. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and assign” 4:19 jhcw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אוֹתָ֗ם אִ֥ישׁ אִ֛ישׁ 1 Here, **man by man** is a Hebrew idiom that means “each man.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternative translation: “each man”\n 4:19 bltm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns עֲבֹדָת֖וֹ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **service**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “what he does to serve” 4:19 pr64 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מַשָּׂאֽוֹ 1 See how you translated the same use of **load** in [4:15](../04/15.md). 4:20 lz4b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns וְלֹא־יָבֹ֧אוּ 1 Here, **they** refers to the descendants of Kohath. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “But the sons of Kohath shall not enter” 4:20 jdd2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְלֹא־יָבֹ֧אוּ 1 Here, **enter** implies entering into the holy place. See how you translated the same use of **enter** in the previous verse. 4:20 mv2t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun אֶת־הַקֹּ֖דֶשׁ 1 The phrase **the holy thing** represents the holy items used in the holy place and the parts of the holy place in general, not one particular holy thing. See how you translated the same use of **the holy thing** in [4:15](../04/15.md). 4:20 l3lr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom כְּבַלַּ֥ע 1 This phrase is an idiom that means “for a moment,” which is the time it would take to **gulp**. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “for a bit” or “for a moment” 4:20 g6g1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks וָמֵֽתוּ 1 The direct speech that began in [4:18](../04/18.md) ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language. 4:21 fl8e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks לֵּאמֹֽר 1 Here the word saying introduces direct speech that continues until [4:33](../04/33.md). Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.\n 4:22 r33r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom נָשֹׂ֗א אֶת־רֹ֛אשׁ 1 See how you translated this phrase in [4:2](../04/02.md). 4:22 q6xv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּנֵ֥י גֵרְשׁ֖וֹן 1 Here, **sons** refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of **sons** in [3:9](../03/09.md). 4:22 wcx9 גֵרְשׁ֖וֹן 1 See how you translated this man’s name in [3:17](../03/17.md). 4:22 ro81 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְבֵ֥ית אֲבֹתָ֖ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָֽם 1 See how you translated these phrases in [1:2](../01/02.md). 4:23 cyt1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִבֶּן֩ שְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים שָׁנָ֜ה וָמַ֗עְלָה עַ֛ד בֶּן־חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה 1 See the discussion of these phrases in the [General Notes](../04/intro.md) for this chapter. 4:23 scm3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry לִצְבֹ֣א צָבָ֔א לַעֲבֹ֥ד עֲבֹדָ֖ה 1 The phrases **serve service** and **work work** are constructions in which a verb and its object are related words. You may be able to use the same constructions in your language to express the meaning here. Alternatively, your language may have another way of showing the emphasis.\n 4:24 qxm2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns זֹ֣את עֲבֹדַ֔ת 1 See how you translated the similar phrase in [4:4](../04/04.md). 4:24 ra33 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns מִשְׁפְּחֹ֖ת הַגֵּרְשֻׁנִּ֑י 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:21](../03/21.md). 4:24 iccs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּלְמַשָּֽׂא 1 See how you translated **load** in [4:15](../04/15.md). 4:25 y3p1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הַמִּשְׁכָּן֙ וְאֶת־אֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֔ד מִכְסֵ֕הוּ 1 Here, **and** indicates that what follows are different items included with **the Dwelling**. See how you translated the similar phrases in [3:25](../03/25.md).\n 4:25 w4px rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּמִכְסֵ֛ה הַתַּ֥חַשׁ אֲשֶׁר־עָלָ֖יו מִלְמָ֑עְלָה 1 This phrase refers to a leather outer **covering** that was placed on top of all the other coverings, as described in [Exodus 26:14](../exo/26/14.md) and [36:19](../exo/36/19.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the outer covering of porpoise which is on top of all the coverings” 4:25 vqq3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וּמִכְסֵ֛ה הַתַּ֥חַשׁ 1 See how you translated the same phrase in [4:6](../04/06.md). 4:25 ejol מָסַ֔ךְ פֶּ֖תַח אֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵֽד 1 See how you translated the nearly identical phrase in [3:25](../03/25.md). 4:26 vfla rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְאֵת֩ קַלְעֵ֨י הֶֽחָצֵ֜ר 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:26](../03/26.md). 4:26 t6eq וְאֶת־מָסַ֣ךְ ׀ פֶּ֣תַח ׀ שַׁ֣עַר הֶחָצֵ֗ר אֲשֶׁ֨ר עַל־הַמִּשְׁכָּ֤ן וְעַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֨חַ֙ סָבִ֔יב 1 See how you translated the similar phrases in [2:26](../03/26.md). 4:26 nadj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession כָּל־כְּלֵ֖י עֲבֹדָתָ֑ם 1 Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe **implements** that are used for **their work**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could could a different expression. Alternate translation: “all the implements for working in them” 4:26 f7kk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֧ר יֵעָשֶׂ֛ה לָהֶ֖ם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “all that they will do for them” 4:26 zm1d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns לָהֶ֖ם וְעָבָֽדוּ 1 Here, **them** refers to the various items mentioned previously in the verse, but **they** refers to the descendants of Gershon. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this expicitly. Alternate translation: “for those implements; and the Gershonites shall work” 4:27 pcvi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עַל־פִּי֩ 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:16](../03/16.md). 4:27 n1yt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּבָנָ֜יו & בְּנֵ֣י 1 In this verse, **sons** refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of **sons* in [3:9](../03/09.md). 4:27 k1i2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns הַגֵּרְשֻׁנִּ֔י 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:21](../03/12.md). 4:27 thlf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מַשָּׂאָ֔ם & מַשָּׂאָֽם 1 See how you translated the same use of **load** in [4:15](../04/15.md). 4:27 q8lg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you וּפְקַדְתֶּ֤ם 1 Here, **you** is plural and refers to **Aaron and his sons**, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction. 4:27 ivb2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְּמִשְׁמֶ֔רֶת 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **responsibility**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “by what they are responsible for” 4:28 yk4v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִשְׁפְּחֹ֛ת בְּנֵ֥י 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:29](../03/29.md). 4:28 mauq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun הַגֵּרְשֻׁנִּ֖י 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:21](../03/21.md). 4:28 e8qo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וּמִ֨שְׁמַרְתָּ֔ם 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **responsibility** in the previous verse. 4:28 jx5a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בְּיַד֙ 1 In this context, to be **in the hand of** someone means to be under the power or control of that person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “under the control of”\n 4:28 s4zh rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אִֽיתָמָ֔ר 1 See how you translated this man’s name in [3:2](../03/02.md). 4:29 iyjy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular תִּפְקֹ֥ד 1 **You** here is singular and refers to Moses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “You, Moses,”\n 4:29 zg2e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּנֵ֖י מְרָרִ֑י 1 See how you translated the same use of this phrase in [3:36](../03/36.md). 4:29 f12h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֥ם לְבֵית־אֲבֹתָ֖ם 1 See how you translated these phrases in [1:2](../01/02.md).\n 4:30 pv9d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִבֶּן֩ שְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים שָׁנָ֜ה וָמַ֗עְלָה וְעַ֛ד בֶּן־חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה תִּפְקְדֵ֑ם 1 See how you translated this clause in [4:23](../04/23.md). 4:30 kr6z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לַצָּבָ֔א 1 See how you translated the same use of **company** in [4:3](../04/03.md). 4:30 cf5o rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry לַעֲבֹ֕ד אֶת־עֲבֹדַ֖ת 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:7](../03/07.md). 4:31 xm2u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מִשְׁמֶ֣רֶת 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **responsibility** in [4:27](../04/27.md). 4:31 g3co rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מַשָּׂאָ֔ם 1 See how you translated the same use of load in [4:15](../04/15.md). 4:31 zb83 קַרְשֵׁי֙ הַמִּשְׁכָּ֔ן וּבְרִיחָ֖יו וְעַמּוּדָ֥יו וַאֲדָנָֽיו 1 See how you translated all of these things in [3:36](../03/36.md). 4:32 zbw9 וְעַמּוּדֵי֩ הֶחָצֵ֨ר סָבִ֜יב וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֗ם וִֽיתֵדֹתָם֙ וּמֵ֣יתְרֵיהֶ֔ם 1 See how you translated all of these things in [3:37](../03/37.md). 4:32 ipn4 לְכָל־כְּלֵיהֶ֔ם וּלְכֹ֖ל עֲבֹדָתָ֑ם 1 See how you translated the similar phrases in [3:36](../03/36.md). 4:32 gpe1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּבְשֵׁמֹ֣ת 1 Here, **names** refers to the **names** of the descendants of Merari who will carry these items. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and by each man’s name” 4:32 fjzn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you תִּפְקְד֔וּ 1 Here, **you** is plural and refers to **Aaron and his sons**, as in [4:27](../04/27.md), so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction. 4:32 fboa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מִשְׁמֶ֥רֶת מַשָּׂאָֽם 1 See how you translated this phrase in the previous verse. 4:33 mq8e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy זֹ֣את עֲבֹדַ֗ת מִשְׁפְּחֹת֙ בְּנֵ֣י 1 See how you translated the same clause in [4:28](../04/28.md). 4:33 w2cp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּיַד֙ אִֽיתָמָ֔ר בֶּֽן־אַהֲרֹ֖ן הַכֹּהֵֽן 1 See how you translated the same clause in [4:28](../04/28.md). 4:33 a955 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אִֽיתָמָ֔ר 1 See how you translated this man’s name in [1:2](../01/02.md). 4:33 hlio rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks הַכֹּהֵֽן 1 The direct speech that began in [4:22](../04/22.md) ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language. 4:34 aotu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּנֵ֣י 1 Here, **sons** refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of **sons* in [3:9](../03/09.md). 4:34 jm3i rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns הַקְּהָתִ֑י 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:27](../03/27.md). 4:34 wzx3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם וּלְבֵ֥ית אֲבֹתָֽם 1 See how you translated these clauses in [1:2](../01/02.md). 4:35 s6xk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִבֶּ֨ן שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה וְעַ֖ד בֶּן־חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֑ה 1 See the discussion of these phrases in the [General Notes](../04/intro.md) for this chapter. 4:35 pv9c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כָּל־הַבָּא֙ לַצָּבָ֔א 1 See how you translated this phrase in [4:30](../04/30.md). 4:36 knzb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive פְקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 4:36 w7px rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers אַלְפַּ֕יִם שְׁבַ֥ע מֵא֖וֹת וַחֲמִשִּֽׁים 1 Alternate translation: “two thousand seven hundred and fifty” 4:37 udge rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive פְקוּדֵי֙ 1 See how you translated **counted ones** in the previous verse. 4:37 b25z rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns מִשְׁפְּחֹ֣ת הַקְּהָתִ֔י 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:27](../03/27.md). 4:37 szpi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo אֲשֶׁ֨ר פָּקַ֤ד מֹשֶׁה֙ וְאַהֲרֹ֔ן 1 Since the same idea of “the counted ones” is repeated in this phrase, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here, as in the UST. 4:37 axd1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עַל־פִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:16](../03/16.md). 4:37 g5gl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בְּיַד 1 Here, *by the hand** indicates that **Moses** was the means by which **Yahweh** gave these commands to the people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “by means of” 4:38 ipy6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּפְקוּדֵ֖י 1 See how you translated **counted ones** in the previous two verses. 4:38 ig1e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּנֵ֣י 1 Here, **sons** refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of **sons* in [3:9](../03/09.md). 4:38 gxth rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְמִשְׁפְּחוֹתָ֖ם וּלְבֵ֥ית אֲבֹתָֽם 1 See how you translated these phrases in [1:2](../01/02.md). 4:39 vg68 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִבֶּ֨ן שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה וְעַ֖ד בֶּן־חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֑ה כָּל־הַבָּא֙ לַצָּבָ֔א לַעֲבֹדָ֖ה בְּאֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵֽד 1 See how you translated the identical clauses in [4:35](../04/35.md). 4:40 sjj3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive פְּקֻ֣דֵיהֶ֔ם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:21](../01/21.md). 4:40 hqz7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם 1 See how you translated these phrases in [1:2](../01/02.md). 4:40 uktq rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers אַלְפַּ֕יִם וְשֵׁ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת וּשְׁלֹשִֽׁים 1 Alternate translation: “two thousand six hundred and thirty” 4:41 h4xt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אֵ֣לֶּה פְקוּדֵ֗י מִשְׁפְּחֹת֙ בְּנֵ֣י & כָּל־הָעֹבֵ֖ד בְּאֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֑ד אֲשֶׁ֨ר פָּקַ֥ד מֹשֶׁ֛ה וְאַהֲרֹ֖ן עַל־פִּ֥י יְהוָֽה 1 See how you translated the same clauses in [4:37](../04/37.md). 4:42 pq72 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive The descendants of Merari were counted 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Moses and Aaron counted the descendants of Merari” 4:42 r5rm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּנֵ֣י 1 Here, **sons** refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of **sons* in [3:9](../03/09.md). 4:43 s8f4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers from thirty to fifty years old 0 Alternate translation: “from 30 to 50 years old” 4:43 y483 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit everyone who would join the company 0 Here the word “would” does not mean that the men “chose” to join the company but rather that they were “assigned” to the company. Alternate translation: “everyone who was assigned to join the company” 4:43 u1lq join the company to serve in the tent of meeting 0 The word “company” refers to the rest of the people working in the tent of meeting. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 4:3](../04/03.md). 4:44 x7fd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive counted by their clans 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom Moses and Aaron counted by their clans” 4:44 a51w rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers numbered 3,200 0 Alternate translation: “numbered three thousand two hundred” 4:45 bi4d they obeyed 0 The word “they” refers to Moses and Aaron. 4:47 vb65 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit from thirty to fifty 0 This refers to men. Alternate translation: “men from thirty to fifty” 4:47 b9ng rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers from thirty to fifty 0 Alternate translation: “from 30 to 50” 4:48 gmh3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 8,580 men 0 Alternate translation: “eight thousand five hundred and eighty men” 4:49 l3zk At Yahweh’s command 0 Alternate translation: “As Yahweh commanded” 4:49 v91x keeping count of each by the type … He counted each man by the kind of responsibility he would bear 0 These two phrase have similar meaning and are used together to emphasize how Moses counted all the men. 4:49 hpb1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive by the type of work he was assigned to do 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “by his type of work assignment” or “by the type of work he had assigned each man to do” 4:49 kdw6 he would bear 0 Alternate translation: “he would have” 4:49 q8p8 they obeyed what Yahweh had commanded them 0 Here “they” and “them” refer to Moses and Aaron. 5:intro q2wy 0 # Numbers 5 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Israel’s camp\n\nIsrael’s entire camp was to be a “clean” place. This meant that people who could not be made acceptable to God were not allowed inside the camp. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])\n\n### Vengeance\n\nThere are several laws in this chapter regarding restitution. These laws were meant to limit the ways in which people who had been wronged could seek to be compensated. These laws were intended to make it difficult for such people to avenge a wrong when they were angry. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/jealous]]) 5:2 w9tt infectious skin disease 0 This refers to leprosy, which is a sickness that affects the skin and easily spreads to other people. 5:2 zu9x oozing sore 0 This refers to an open cut that is leaking fluids. 5:2 mu8x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor whoever is unclean through touching a dead body 0 If a person touched a dead body they were considered unclean. A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. 5:3 zk2y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you you must send 0 Here “you” is plural and refers to the people of Israel. 5:4 p3pt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit The people of Israel did so 0 This means that they sent the unclean people away. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “The people of Israel sent those who were unclean out of the camp” 5:6 qj29 any sin such as people do to one another 0 Alternate translation: “any sin that people usually commit against one another” 5:6 xq1w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit is unfaithful to me 0 If someone sins against another person, it means that they have also sinned against Yahweh and Yahweh considers that person as unfaithful to him. Alternate translation: “they have also wronged me” 5:7 fdj5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the price of his guilt 0 Here the person’s “sin” is referred to as his “guilt.” Alternate translation: “what is considered a suitable amount of money for the wrong that he has done” 5:7 g9vq add to the price one-fifth more 0 This means the person must pay an extra one-fifth of the price that he owes. 5:7 uea6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction one-fifth 0 This is one part out of five equal parts. 5:8 t3ew rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit But if the wronged person has no close relative to receive the payment 0 Usually the wronged person would receive the payment but if that person has died the payment goes to the closest relative. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “But if the wronged person has died and has no close relative to receive the payment” 5:8 v9pc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive if the wronged person 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “if the person whom the guilty person has wronged” 5:8 g97k he must pay the price for his guilt to me through a priest 0 If a person made a payment to a priest to pay for his guilt it was the same as if the person had made the payment to Yahweh. 5:8 wai4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy to atone for himself 0 The atonement is made for the man’s sin. Here Yahweh refers to the man’s sin as the man who committed it. Alternate translation: “to atone for his sin” 5:9 e191 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the things that are set aside and brought to the priest by the people of Israel 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the things that the people of Israel set aside and bring to the priest” 5:10 lhj2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism The offerings of every person will be for the priest; if anyone gives anything to the priest, it will belong to him 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing and may be combined to state that the offerings that someone gives belong to the priest to whom they have been given. 5:11 abw4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo 0 The words “Suppose that a man’s wife turns away” begin a long description of a hypothetical situation, something that has not happened but might happen. Yahweh tells Moses what to do if it does happen. 5:12 k4g2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom a man’s wife turns away 0 This means that she goes away from him and is unfaithful to him. Alternate translation: “a man’s wife is unfaithful” 5:12 q94c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit sins against her husband 0 This means that she is unfaithful to her husband and sins against him by sleeping with another man. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “sins against her husband by sleeping with another man” 5:13 g1e7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism If a man lies with her 0 This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “If a man has sexual relations with her” 5:13 zj57 her 0 the woman who turns away and sins against her husband ([Numbers 5:12](../05/12.md)) 5:13 wj6d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit in the act 0 This refers to the act of adultery. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “in the act of adultery” or “sleeping with him” 5:14 w516 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive his wife is defiled … his wife is not defiled 0 These phrases can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “his wife has defiled herself … his wife has not defiled herself” 5:14 tk8e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְעָבַ֨ר עָלָ֧יו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָ֛ה & עָבַ֨ר עָלָ֤יו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָה֙ 1 Here the word **spirit** refers to a person’s attitude and emotions. Alternate translation: “the husband might feel jealous and become suspicious” 5:14 vitt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְעָבַ֨ר עָלָ֧יו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָ֛ה & עָבַ֨ר עָלָ֤יו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָה֙ 1 The man's **jealously** is spoken of as if it were a person who spoke to him. 5:14 b5q4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְעָבַ֨ר עָלָ֧יו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָ֛ה & עָבַ֨ר עָלָ֤יו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָה֙ 1 The idea of the spirit “coming on him” means that he began to have these jealous feelings. Alternate translation: “and a man might feel jealous … a man might feel jealous” 5:15 n2k7 Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nMoses begins to describe what the people are to do if the hypothetical situation he began describing in [Numbers 5:12](../05/12.md) ever happens. 5:15 cpv6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction a tenth 0 This is one part out of ten equal parts. 5:15 h7qc rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume a tenth of an ephah 0 This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters)” or “2 liters” 5:15 rqv9 a grain offering of jealousy 0 Alternate translation: “a grain offering for jealousy” 5:15 hlz4 a reminder of the iniquity 0 A “reminder” is something that shows evidence that something had occurred that required justice. In this case, he made the offering to determine whether his wife had committed adultery or not. 5:16 b35g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit near and place her before Yahweh 0 The priest would bring her near the altar. Alternate translation: “near the altar and place her in the presence of Yahweh” 5:18 nx25 before Yahweh 0 Alternate translation: “in the presence of Yahweh” 5:18 pji2 grain offering of suspicion 0 See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 5:15](../05/15.md). 5:19 hjz9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism no other man has lain with you 0 This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “no other man has had sexual relations with you” 5:19 xw4y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom if you have not gone astray 0 The words “gone astray” is an idiom that means “to be unfaithful.” Alternate translation: “if you have not been unfaithful to your husband” 5:19 t3qy and committed impurity 0 This phrase refers to committing adultery. Alternate translation: “by committing impurity” 5:19 e97n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom you will be free from this bitter water 0 The phrase to “be free” from something means to not be harmed by it. Alternate translation: “this bitter water will not harm you, though it is able to” 5:19 tdr3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification this bitter water that can bring a curse 0 Here the bitter water is described as being able to bring a curse. This means that when the woman drinks the water it cause her to be unable to bear children, if she is guilty. Alternate translation: “this bitter water can be a curse to you” 5:20 ulh8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom have gone astray 0 The words “gone astray” is an idiom that means “to be unfaithful.” Alternate translation: “have been unfaithful to your husband” 5:21 p7jm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom that can bring down a curse on her 0 The phrase “bring down a curse” is an idiom meaning for a curse to come upon her. Alternate translation: “that can cause a curse to come upon her” 5:21 z7wf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Yahweh will make you into a curse … your people to be such 0 Here the author speaks about the woman bearing the curse that Yahweh gives her, which causes other people to curse her. This is spoken of as if the woman herself becomes a curse. Alternate translation: “Because Yahweh curses you, other people will curse you as well, and Yahweh will show people that you are truly cursed” 5:21 d46k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive that will be shown to your people to be such 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that he will show to your people as a curse” 5:21 qcf7 your thigh to waste away and your abdomen to swell 0 This could mean: (1) that the woman will become unable to have children or (2) that the woman’s pregnancy will end too early and the baby will die. 5:21 b27i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism your thigh to waste away 0 Here the word “thigh” is a polite way of referring to the woman’s womb or her private parts. Alternate translation: “your womb to be useless” 5:23 rp5w he must wash away the written curses 0 This means that he is to wash the ink off of the scroll. 5:23 k7qn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the written curses 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the curses he has written” 5:24 wm1q 0 # General Information:\n\nVerse 24 explains in a general way what the priest must do and what is expected to happen when the woman drinks the water. Verse 25 and 26 explains in detail how the priest is to do this work. The priest gives the water to the woman and she drinks it only once. 5:25 kuh3 grain offering of jealousy 0 See how you translated this in [Numbers 5:15](../05/15.md). Alternate translation: “a grain offering for jealousy” 5:26 tvx7 a representative offering 0 The handful of the grain offering represents the whole grain offering. This means the whole offering belongs to Yahweh. 5:27 eld4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive if she is defiled because she has committed 0 This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: “if she has defined herself by committing” 5:27 dzq6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit committed a sin 0 Here the “sin” refers specifically to committing adultery. The meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “committed adultery” 5:27 c4b4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism Her abdomen will swell and her thigh will waste away 0 This could mean: (1) that the woman will become unable to have children or (2) that the woman’s pregnancy will end too early and the baby will die. Here the word “thigh” is a polite way of referring to the woman’s womb or her private parts. See how you translated these concepts in [Numbers 5:21](../05/21.md). 5:27 md3y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive The woman will be cursed among her people 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Her people will curse her” 5:28 y738 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive is not defiled 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “has not defiled herself” 5:28 g4sp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor if she is clean 0 Here “being innocent” is spoken of as “being clean.” 5:28 qh3a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit then she must be free 0 This could mean: (1) “then she will not be cursed” or (2) “then she is free from guilt.” 5:28 ud3t conceive children 0 Alternate translation: “become pregnant” 5:29 l3rj the law of jealousy 0 Alternate translation: “the law for dealing with jealousy” 5:29 eb5l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom who strays away from her husband 0 The words “strays away” is an idiom that means “to be unfaithful.” Alternate translation: “who is unfaithful to her husband” 5:29 a7s5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive is defiled 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “defiles herself” 5:30 qqc6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy a spirit of jealousy 0 This phrase refers to the man’s attitude and emotions of jealousy. See how you translated this in [Numbers 5:14](../05/14.md). Alternate translation: “who is jealous” 5:30 in48 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom when he is jealous of his wife 0 This is an idiom that means that he suspects that his wife has been unfaithful to him by sleeping with another man. Alternate translation: “and suspects that his wife has been unfaithful to him” or “and suspects that his wife has slept with another man” 5:30 lwf7 before Yahweh 0 Alternate translation: “in the presence of Yahweh” 5:31 by7a will be free from guilt for bringing his wife to the priest 0 Alternate translation: “will not be guilty of doing something wrong by bringing his wife to the priest” 5:31 jq87 must bear 0 Alternate translation: “must endure” 6:intro v9bp 0 # Numbers 6 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Nazirite vow\n\nThe Nazirite vow was a special type of vow between a person and Yahweh. This chapter gives the rules for people to be consecrated to God as Nazirites. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/consecrate]]) 6:2 fuw1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom separates himself 0 Alternate translation: “To separate yourself to someone” means to “dedicate yourself” to that person. Alternate translation: “dedicates himself” 6:3 vl9v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom he must keep himself from 0 This idiom means that he must not eat or drink them. Alternate translation: “he must not consume” 6:3 guv7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive vinegar made from wine 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “vinegar that people make from wine” 6:3 ibf8 vinegar 0 a drink produced when wine and other strong drinks ferment too long and become sour 6:3 ng8s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis or from strong drink 0 You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “or vinegar that people make from strong drink” 6:3 us9j raisins 0 dried grapes 6:4 ms7n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom he is separate 0 Alternate translation: “To separate yourself to someone” means to “dedicate yourself” to that person. Alternate translation: “he dedicates himself” 6:4 b2wc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive he is separate to me 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he separates himself to me” 6:4 up7t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive nothing that is made from grapes 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “nothing that people make from grapes” 6:4 clz1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism from the seeds to their skins 0 These two extremes are given to emphasize the entire grape may not be eaten. Alternate translation: “from any part of a grape” 6:5 tyv2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom vow of separation 0 This is an idiom. Here “separation” means “dedication” Alternate translation: “vow of dedication” 6:5 nb5a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive no razor is to be used on his head 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “no one is to use a razor on his head” 6:5 izs6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom יְמֵי֙ נֶ֣דֶר נִזְר֔וֹ 1 Here, **separation** is an idiom that means “dedication.” Alternate translation: “the days of the vow of his dedication” 6:5 zvr4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns יְמֵי֙ נֶ֣דֶר נִזְר֔וֹ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word ** separation**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “the days that he has promised to dedicated himself to Yahweh” or “the days that he has promised to serve Yahweh” 6:5 qjl8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive to Yahweh are fulfilled 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “to Yahweh are complete” 6:5 mba5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive He must be set apart to Yahweh 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “He must set himself apart to Yahweh” 6:6 jjz3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom separates 0 This is an idiom for dedication. Alternate translation: “dedicates” 6:7 i1uk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom separated 0 This is an idiom for dedication. Alternate translation: “dedicated” 6:7 t4h2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor unclean 0 A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. 6:7 u8g3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive he is separated 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he has separated himself” 6:8 n3en rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom separation 0 This is an idiom for dedication. Alternate translation: “dedication” 6:8 d127 of his separation 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **separation**, you can express the same idea with a verb. Alternate translation: “that he has separated himself” 6:8 d9wb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive reserved for Yahweh 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he has reserved himself for Yahweh” or “set apart for Yahweh” 6:9 x63g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy defiles his consecrated head 0 Here “head” represents the Nazirite man’s hair, which symbolizes his vow. Alternate translation: “defiles his long hair which shows everyone he is separated to God” or “he becomes defiled” 6:9 mt83 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the seventh day 0 Alternate translation: “day 7” 6:10 i6i3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the eighth day 0 Alternate translation: “day 8” 6:12 afu4 for the days of his consecration 0 Alternate translation: “during the time he is being set apart again” 6:12 mf7y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit He must bring a male lamb … as a guilt offering 0 The man is to bring the lamb to the priest so that it can be sacrificed. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “He must bring a male lamb one year old to the priest as a guilt offering” 6:12 kt7i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive The days before he defiled himself must not be counted 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “He must not count the days before he defiled himself” 6:12 da8t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive his consecration was defiled 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he defiled himself” or “he made himself unacceptable” 6:13 siwl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom יְמֵ֣י נִזְר֔וֹ 1 Here, **separation** is an idiom that means “dedication.” Alternate translation: “the days of his dedication” 6:13 q7eh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns יְמֵ֣י נִזְר֔וֹ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word ** separation**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “the days when he dedicates himself to Yahweh” or “the period when he has served Yahweh” 6:13 k6an rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive He must be brought 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Someone must bring him” or “He must go” 6:14 p848 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit He must present his offering to Yahweh 0 He must bring his offering to the priest to be sacrificed to Yahweh. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “He must present his offering to Yahweh by bringing it to the priest to be sacrificed” or “He must present his offering to Yahweh by bringing it to the priest who will sacrifice it” 6:15 xq3r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive bread made without yeast 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “bread he made without yeast” 6:15 g8hg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive fine flour mixed with oil 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he mixed with oil” 6:15 cg4d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive wafers without yeast rubbed with oil 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “wafers without yeast which he rubbed with oil” 6:15 lyr9 wafers without yeast 0 small pieces of flat bread 6:15 msp8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit together with their grain offering and drink offerings 0 The word “their” refers to the other offerings that the Nazirite man was told to bring. Often grain offerings and drink offerings were required to accompany other types of sacrifices. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “together with the grain offering and drink offering that Yahweh required to accompany the other offerings” 6:16 f2x5 He must offer his sin offering 0 Alternate translation: “He” refers to the priest and “his” refers to the man who took a vow. 6:17 ge1q the fellowship offering 0 Alternate translation: “as the fellowship offering” 6:17 d7zf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis The priest must present also … drink offering 0 You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “The priest must present also … the drink offering to Yahweh” 6:18 x9jb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom נִזְר֑וֹ & נִזְר֔וֹ 1 Here, **his separation** is an idiom that means “his dedication.” Alternate translation: “indicating his dedication … indicating his dedication” 6:18 rrkq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns נִזְר֑וֹ & נִזְר֔וֹ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind both instances of the word **separation**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “indicating how he has separated himself … indicating how he has separated himself” 6:19 h5f8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the boiled shoulder of the ram 0 This means that he had boiled the ram’s shoulder. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the shoulder of the ram that he boiled” 6:19 ia1k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אֶת־ נִזְרֽוֹ 1 Here, the abstract noun **separation** can be expressed with the verb “dedicated.” Alternate translation: “indicating his dedication” or “indicating that he has dedicated himself to Yahweh” 6:20 izv4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit The priest must wave them 0 After handing the items to the Nazirite, the priest takes them back to offer them to Yahweh. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Then the priest must take them back and wave them” 6:20 vm26 together with 0 Alternate translation: “as well as” 6:20 nr52 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive that was waved 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that the priest waved” 6:20 bvx2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive that was presented 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that he presented” 6:21 bzm4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom נִזְר֔וֹ & נִזְרֽוֹ 1 Here, **separation** is an idiom that means “dedication.” Alternate translation: “his dedication … his dedication” 6:21 cz8k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns נִזְר֔וֹ & נִזְרֽוֹ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **separation**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “having dedicated himself to Yahweh … having dedicated himself to Yahweh” 6:21 emt3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit Whatever else he may give 0 This refers to the Nazirite deciding to give other offering beyond what he has been commanded to give. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “If he decides to give any additional offerings” 6:21 ngu2 he must keep the obligations of the vow he has taken 0 Alternate translation: “he must still obey the requirements of the vow he has taken” 6:21 vb7m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism he must keep the obligations … to keep the promise indicated by the law for the Nazirite 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined to emphasize that he must obey the obligations of his vow. 6:21 w5ll rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the promise indicated by the law for the Nazirite 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the promise that the law for the Nazirite indicates” 6:23 w1h4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you You must bless the people of Israel 0 Alternate translation: “You” is plural. 6:24 xk8d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you May Yahweh bless you and keep you 0 Here “you” is singular. 6:24 ef59 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom keep you 0 This is an idiom. Here “keep” means to “protect.” 6:25 c528 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom make his face shine on you 0 This is an idiom which means to have kind intentions towards someone. It can also be expressed by smiling. Alternate translation: “smile at you” or “look at you with kindness” 6:25 f8fh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you on you … to you 0 Here “you” is singular. 6:26 x48t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom look on you with favor 0 Here the phrase “look on” means to show a certain attitude towards that person. Alternate translation: “show you favor” 6:26 jh4e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you on you … give you 0 Here “you” is singular. 6:27 y2cb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor they must give my name 0 Here Yahweh speaks about claiming the Israelites as his own by saying that he is giving them “his name.” Alternate translation: “they must let the people of Israel know that they are mine” 7:intro tjd7 0 # Numbers 7 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n### Consecrating the altar\n\nWhen the tabernacle was completed, they consecrated the altar. Each tribe brought an offering to consecrate the altar. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/consecrate]]) 7:1 pvb3 Moses completed the tabernacle 0 Alternate translation: “Moses finished setting up the tabernacle” 7:2 uj4z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism the leaders of Israel … the heads of their ancestor’s families 0 These two phrases describe the same group of people two different ways. Alternate translation: “the leaders of Israel who are also the heads of their ancestors families” 7:2 p163 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the heads of their ancestor’s families 0 Here the leaders of the families are referred to as “heads.” Alternate translation: “the leaders of their ancestor’s families” 7:2 p4mr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns had overseen the counting of the men 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **counting**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “had helped Aaron and Moses to count the men” 7:3 el48 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit They brought their offerings before Yahweh … They presented these things in front of the tabernacle 0 This means that they gave their offerings to Yahweh and brought them to the tabernacle. These phrases may be combined to add clarity. Alternate translation: “They brought their offerings to Yahweh and presented them to him in front of the tabernacle” 7:3 ch2v rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers six covered carts and twelve oxen 0 Alternate translation: “6 covered carts and 12 oxen” 7:5 c3l4 to each one as his work needs them 0 Alternate translation: “to each man as he needs them for his work” 7:7 s3f5 Gershon 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md). 7:7 g4l6 because of what their work needed 0 Alternate translation: “because it was what they needed to do their work” 7:8 x2mg Merari 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md). 7:8 y6l9 in the care of Ithamar son of Aaron the priest 0 Alternate translation: “under the supervision of Ithamar son of Aaron the priest” or “Ithamar son of Aaron the priest oversaw their work” 7:8 t536 Ithamar 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:2](../01/02.md). 7:8 q5vg He did this because 0 The word “he” refers to Moses. 7:8 u5cn because of what their work required 0 Alternate translation: “because it was what they needed to do their work” 7:9 c7ay none of those things 0 This refers to the carts and oxen. 7:9 v5ey Kohath 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md). 7:9 flt7 theirs would be the work 0 Alternate translation: “their work would be” 7:9 ip7d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the things that belong to Yahweh 0 You can make explicit the implicit meaning of what belongs to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “the things that Yahweh reserved for the tabernacle” 7:10 rb3w offered their goods 0 Alternate translation: “offered gifts” 7:11 lk14 Each leader must offer on his own day his sacrifice 0 Alternate translation: “Each day, one leader must offer his sacrifice” 7:12 wdb3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the first day 0 Alternate translation: “day 1” or “day number 1” 7:12 jd7k Nahshon son of Amminadab 0 These are the names of men. See how you translated these names in [Numbers 1:7](../01/07.md) 7:13 fr64 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ 1 If necessary, this weight can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “weighing nearly one and a half kilograms” or “weighing one kilogram and 430 grams” 7:13 j1gr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל 1 If necessary, this weight can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “one silver bowl weighing nearly eight tenths of a kilogram” or “one silver bowl weighting 770 grams” 7:13 rk4y rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel 0 There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. If you are converting the weights to modern measures, here is another way to translate this phrase. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” 7:13 ymy3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive fine flour mixed with oil 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” 7:14 h5g8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight one gold dish that weighed ten shekels 0 If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “one gold dish that weighed one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish that weighed 110 grams” 7:17 rsy2 that were a year old 0 Alternate translation: “that were each one year old” 7:17 qye7 This was the sacrifice of Nahshon son of Amminadab 0 Alternate translation: “This was what Nahshon son of Amminadab presented” 7:17 q99s Nahshon son of Amminadab 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:7](../01/07.md). 7:18 k818 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the second day 0 Alternate translation: “day 2” or “day number 2” 7:18 s55k Nethanel son of Zuar 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:8](../01/08.md). 7:19 fv6a rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ 1 See how you translated **its weight was 130** in [7:13](../07/13.md). 7:19 xung rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל 1 See how you translated **70 shekels** in [7:13](../07/13.md). 7:19 hdb1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight מִזְרָ֤ק אֶחָד֙ כֶּ֔סֶף שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל 1 If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “one silver bowl weighing nearly eight tenths of a kilogram” or “one silver bowl weighting 770 grams” 7:19 m81x rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel 0 There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” 7:19 tdm6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive fine flour mixed with oil 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” 7:20 e7yz rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight one gold dish weighing ten shekels 0 If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams” 7:23 j8m1 that were a year old 0 Alternate translation: “that were each one year old” 7:23 j6wy This was the sacrifice of Nethanel son of Zuar 0 Alternate translation: “This was what Nethanel son of Zuar presented” 7:23 vbr4 Nethanel son of Zuar 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:8](../01/08.md). 7:24 nuy5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the third day 0 Alternate translation: “day 3” or “day number 3” 7:24 f2sl Eliab son of Helon 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:9](../01/09.md). 7:25 p6jj rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ 1 See how you translated **its weight was 130** in [7:13](../07/13.md). 7:25 dxz3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight שִׁבְעִ֥ים 1 See how you translated **70 shekels** in [7:13](../07/13.md). 7:25 jbg9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel 0 There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” 7:25 c6eu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive fine flour mixed with oil 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” 7:26 e1hp rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight one gold dish weighing ten shekels 0 If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams” 7:29 geb5 that were a year old 0 Alternate translation: “that were each one year old” 7:29 u9we This was the sacrifice of Eliab son of Helon 0 Alternate translation: “This was what Eliab son of Helon gave as a sacrifice” 7:29 m62d Eliab son of Helon 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:9](../01/09.md). 7:30 g7np rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the fourth day 0 Alternate translation: “day 4” or “day number 4” 7:30 i4g9 Elizur son of Shedeur 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:5](../01/05.md). 7:31 z13a rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ 1 See how you translated **its weight was 130** in [7:13](../07/13.md). 7:31 x59n rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל 1 See how you translated **70 shekels** in [7:13](../07/13.md). 7:31 ccm9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel 0 There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” 7:31 xme1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive fine flour mixed with oil 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” 7:32 ce94 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight one gold dish weighing ten shekels 0 If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams” 7:35 cv74 that were a year old 0 Alternate translation: “that were each one year old” 7:35 axj1 This was the sacrifice of Elizur son of Shedeur 0 Alternate translation: “This was what Elizur son of Shedeur gave as a sacrifice” 7:35 dp1x Elizur son of Shedeur 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:5](../01/05.md). 7:36 t1iw rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the fifth day 0 Alternate translation: “day 5” or “day number 5” 7:36 vd7n Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:6](../01/06.md). 7:37 l2gt rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ 1 See how you translated **its weight was 130** in [7:13](../07/13.md). 7:37 ui86 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל 1 See how you translated **70 shekels** in [7:13](../07/13.md). 7:37 kj44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel 0 There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” 7:37 ekt1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive fine flour mixed with oil 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” 7:38 d1vh rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight one gold dish weighing ten shekels 0 If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams” 7:41 rc2k that were a year old 0 Alternate translation: “that were each one year old” 7:41 p15a rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names This was the sacrifice of Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai 0 “Shelumiel” and “Zurishaddai” are names of men. 7:41 xhm1 Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:6](../01/06.md). 7:42 uxi5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the sixth day 0 Alternate translation: “day 6” or “day number 6” 7:42 h5ih Eliasaph son of Deuel 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:14](../01/14.md). 7:43 e7hj rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ 1 See how you translated **its weight was 130** in [7:13](../07/13.md). 7:43 dv3m rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight שִׁבְעִ֥ים 1 See how you translated **70 shekels** in [7:13](../07/13.md). 7:43 ms6n rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel 0 There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” 7:43 b9rg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive fine flour mixed with oil 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” 7:44 dg5u rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight one gold dish weighing ten shekels 0 If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams” 7:47 lw31 that were a year old 0 Alternate translation: “that were each one year old” 7:47 xa33 This was the sacrifice of Eliasaph son of Deuel 0 Alternate translation: “This was what Eliasaph son of Deuel gave as a sacrifice” 7:47 ypc1 Eliasaph son of Deuel 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:14](../01/14.md). 7:48 s1nr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the seventh day 0 Alternate translation: “day 7” or “day number 7” 7:48 v3m7 Elishama son of Ammihud 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:10](../01/10.md). 7:49 kx1k rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ 1 See how you translated **its weight was 130** in [7:13](../07/13.md). 7:49 rk8e rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל 1 See how you translated **70 shekels** in [7:13](../07/13.md). 7:49 jyg2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel 0 There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” 7:49 is9v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive fine flour mixed with oil 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” 7:50 jad5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight one gold dish weighing ten shekels 0 If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams” 7:53 xzg8 that were a year old 0 Alternate translation: “that were each one year old” 7:53 f8vp This was the sacrifice of Elishama son of Ammihud 0 Alternate translation: “This was what Elishama son of Ammihud presented” 7:53 e3cx Elishama son of Ammihud 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:10](../01/10.md). 7:54 n5zk rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the eighth day 0 Alternate translation: “day 8” or “day number 8” 7:54 qnm9 Gamaliel son of Pedahzur 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:10](../01/10.md). 7:55 guv1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ 1 See how you translated **its weight was 130** in [7:13](../07/13.md). 7:55 acb7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל 1 See how you translated **70 shekels** in [7:13](../07/13.md). 7:55 qj3k rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel 0 There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” 7:55 w1s9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive fine flour mixed with oil 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” 7:56 m26n rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight one gold dish weighing ten shekels 0 If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams” 7:59 y4gu that were a year old 0 Alternate translation: “that were each one year old” 7:59 z3ed This was the sacrifice of Gamaliel son of Pedahzur 0 Alternate translation: “This was what Gamaliel son of Pedahzur gave as a sacrifice” 7:59 ixg3 Gamaliel son of Pedahzur 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:10](../01/10.md). 7:60 d8hi rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the ninth day 0 Alternate translation: “day 9” or “day number 9” 7:60 h4gl Abidan son of Gideoni 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:11](../01/11.md). 7:61 wl2g rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ 1 See how you translated **its weight was 130** in [7:13](../07/13.md). 7:61 gv7x rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל 1 See how you translated **70 shekels** in [7:13](../07/13.md). 7:61 r94v rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel 0 There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” 7:61 aq7k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive fine flour mingled with oil 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” 7:62 c8nr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight one gold dish weighing ten shekels 0 If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams” 7:65 x65l that were a year old 0 Alternate translation: “that were each one year old” 7:65 c2xx This was the sacrifice of Abidan son of Gideoni 0 Alternate translation: “This was what Abidan son of Gideoni gave as a sacrifice” 7:65 m2n5 Abidan son of Gideoni 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:11](../01/11.md). 7:66 dcq5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the tenth day 0 Alternate translation: “day 10” or “day number 10” 7:66 k329 Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:12](../01/12.md). 7:67 mjj5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ 1 See how you translated **its weight was 130** in [7:13](../07/13.md). 7:67 xch4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל 1 See how you translated **70 shekels** in [7:13](../07/13.md). 7:67 c418 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel 0 There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” 7:67 z7wh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive fine flour mixed with oil 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” 7:68 vq1y rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight one gold dish weighing ten shekels 0 If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams” 7:71 uk5w that were a year old 0 Alternate translation: “that were each one year old” 7:71 p2p9 This was the sacrifice of Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai 0 Alternate translation: “This was what Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai gave as a sacrifice” 7:71 k6u1 Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:12](../01/12.md). 7:72 k86c rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the eleventh day 0 Alternate translation: “day 11” or “day number 11” 7:72 sk51 Pagiel son of Okran 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:13](../01/13.md). 7:73 tj2a rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ 1 See how you translated **its weight was 130** in [7:13](../07/13.md). 7:73 jnf2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל 1 See how you translated **70 shekels** in [7:13](../07/13.md). 7:73 bxh3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel 0 There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” 7:73 vra2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive fine flour mingled with oil 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” 7:74 s3qc rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight one gold dish weighing ten shekels 0 If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams” 7:77 h23u that were a year old 0 Alternate translation: “that were each one year old” 7:77 ql5z rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names This was the sacrifice of Pagiel son of Okran 0 “Pagiel” and “Okran” were names of men. See how you translated their names in [Numbers 1:13](../01/13.md). 7:78 ki2v rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the twelfth day 0 Alternate translation: “day 12” or “day number 12” 7:78 ge9i Ahira son of Enan 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:15](../01/15.md). 7:79 hn31 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ 1 See how you translated **its weight was 130** in [7:13](../07/13.md). 7:79 k7zr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל 1 See how you translated **70 shekels** in [7:13](../07/13.md). 7:79 dle1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel 0 There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” 7:79 bkj8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive fine flour mixed with oil 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” 7:80 sw79 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight one gold dish weighing ten shekels 0 If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams” 7:83 ii74 that were a year old 0 Alternate translation: “that were each one year old” 7:83 aeg9 This was the sacrifice of Ahira son of Enan 0 Alternate translation: “This was what Ahira son of Enan gave as a sacrifice” 7:83 k2xr Ahira son of Enan 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:15](../01/15.md). 7:84 r8s7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom set all these apart 0 The phrase “set apart” means to be dedicated to a specific purpose. In this case, the offerings were dedicated to Yahweh. 7:84 m93s on the day that Moses anointed the altar 0 Here the word “day” refers to a general period of time. The leaders of Israel dedicated these things over the course of 12 days. Alternate translation: “when Moses anointed the altar” 7:85 mxb7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וּמֵאָ֗ה 1 See how you translated **was 130** in [7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “was 130 shekels” 7:85 f75w rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight וְשִׁבְעִ֖ים הַמִּזְרָ֣ק הָאֶחָ֑ד 1 See how you translated “70 shekels” in [7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “was 70 shekels” 7:85 byk4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 2,400 shekels 0 Alternate translation: “two thousand four hundred shekels” or “twenty-four hundred shekels” 7:85 wul3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel 0 There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” 7:85 dg3s All the silver vessels weighed 0 Alternate translation: “All the silver vessels together weighed” 7:85 y3m8 the silver vessels 0 This refers to all of the offerings that were made of silver, both the platters and the bowls. 7:86 c3sw All the gold dishes weighed 0 Alternate translation: “All the gold dishes together weighed” 7:86 ww9i rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight עֶשְׂרִ֥ים וּמֵאָֽה 1 If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “was one tenth of a kilogram” or “weighed 110 grams” 7:86 pb2y rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 120 shekels 0 Alternate translation: “one hundred and twenty shekels” 7:88 jy6x a year old 0 Alternate translation: “that were one year old” 7:88 uul3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive after it was anointed 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “after Moses had anointed it” 7:89 y6f1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche he heard his voice speaking to him 0 Here “his voice” refers to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “he heard Yahweh speaking to him” 7:89 jpx6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism from above the atonement lid … from between the two cherubim 0 These two phrases describe the same location. 7:89 e4hs ark of the testimony 0 See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 4:5](../04/05.md). 7:89 cu31 He spoke to him 0 Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke to Moses” 8:intro v1ax 0 # Numbers 8 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe consecration of the tabernacle continues in this chapter. The people obeyed Yahweh’s exact instructions. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/consecrate]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]]) 8:2 v3fv must give light in front 0 Alternate translation: “must shine towards the front” 8:3 u9fj to give light 0 Alternate translation: “to shine” 8:4 vx9c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive The lampstand was made 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “They had made the lampstand” 8:4 b9jf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile with hammered cups like blossoms 0 They were commanded to form the hammered cups so that they resembled flower blossoms. Alternate translation: “with hammered cups that resemble flower blossoms” 8:7 wa1q to purify them 0 Here “them” refers to the Levites. 8:7 ktl7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction Sprinkle the water of atonement on them 0 Moses sprinkling water on them was symbolic of their atonement. Alternate translation: “Sprinkle on their the water that symbolizes atonement” 8:7 f2sf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis wash their clothes 0 The Levites are supposed to wash their own clothes. You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “then make them wash their clothes” 8:8 i32f a young bull and its grain offering 0 When offering a young bull, a grain offering was usually required to accompany it. 8:8 vp6g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive of fine flour mingled with oil 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “of fine flour that they have mingled with oil” 8:9 t4tc assemble the whole community 0 Alternate translation: “gather the whole community” 8:10 v37l before Yahweh 0 Here Yahweh refers to himself by his own name. 8:10 w5rd rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction the people of Israel must lay their hands on the Levites 0 The action “laying on hands” on someone was often done to dedicate them to Yahweh’s work or service. Alternate translation: “The people Israel must lay their hands on the Levites, dedicating them to me” 8:11 u7v5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile as a wave offering 0 Aaron was to present the Levites to Yahweh with the same amount of dedication as if they were a sacrifice given to him. Alternate translation: “if they were a wave offering” 8:12 fq8n rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction The Levites must place their hands on the heads of the bulls 0 This is a symbolic action that identifies the Levites with the animals being offered. In this way the person is offering himself through the animal to Yahweh. 8:13 n5r9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile lift them up as a wave offering to me 0 Aaron was to present the Levites to Yahweh as if he were lifting up an offering to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “dedicate them to me, as if you were lifting them up a wave offering to me” 8:15 g1xt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit You must purify them. You must offer them as a wave offering 0 Yahweh repeats these things to emphasize their importance. This must happen before the Levites go to serve at the tent of meeting. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “But first, you must purify them. You must offer them as a wave offering” 8:15 jl1m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile You must offer them as a wave offering 0 Aaron was to present the Levites to Yahweh as if they were a wave offering to him. Alternate translation: “You must dedicate them to me, as if you were presenting a wave offering to me” 8:16 fh6z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism each male child who opens the womb, the firstborn 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasize the firstborn sons. 8:16 wn5h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom male child who opens the womb 0 This is an idiom. “To open the womb” means to give birth for the first time. Here this refers to the first male child to which a mother gives birth. Alternate translation: “child who is the firstborn son of his mother” 8:17 f6xg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism I took the lives 0 This is a polite way of referring to when a person kills someone. Alternate translation: “I killed” 8:17 a23t I set them apart 0 Here “them” refers to “the firstborn from among the people of Israel.” 8:18 c4ql rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis I have taken the Levites … instead of all the firstborn 0 The idea of “taking” is understood from the first part of the sentence and can be repeated in the second. Alternate translation: “I have taken the Levites … instead taking all of the firstborn” 8:19 s2hr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I have given the Levites as a gift to Aaron and his sons 0 Yahweh appointing the Levites to help Aaron and his sons is spoken of as if they were a gift that Yahweh were giving to Aaron and his sons. 8:19 f88s I have taken them … I have given them 0 Here “them” refers to the Levites. 8:19 av6b when they come near 0 Here “they” refers to the people of Israel. 8:20 r3gb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism Moses, Aaron, and the whole community of the people of Israel … The people of Israel did this with them 0 Here there are three parallel sentences that give the same information. It is repeated to emphasize that the people did to the Levites as Yahweh had commanded. Alternate translation: “Moses, Aaron, and the whole community of the people of Israel did with the Levites everything that Yahweh had commanded Moses concerning the Levites” 8:22 xtr2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns to do their service 0 The word “service,” an abstract noun, can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “to serve” 8:22 f444 before Aaron and before Aaron’s sons 0 Alternate translation: “in the presence of Aaron and his sons” 8:22 x68h This was 0 Alternate translation: “What they did was” 8:22 lzx3 They treated all the Levites in this way 0 The word “They” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “They did to the Levites what Yahweh commanded” 8:24 ygl7 All of this is for the Levites 0 Alternate translation: “All of these commandments are for the Levites” 8:24 q65x rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers twenty-five years old 0 Alternate translation: “25 years old” 8:24 l8m6 must join the company to serve in the tent of meeting 0 The word “company” refers to the rest of the people working in the tent of meeting. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 4:3](../04/03.md). 8:25 hw8k rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers at the age of fifty years 0 Alternate translation: “at 50 years old” or “when they become 50 years old” 9:intro p8ra 0 # Numbers 9 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Passover\n\nThis chapter records the celebration of the Passover for the first time since it began. The people kept the Passover as directed by the Lord. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]]) 9:1 zi29 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal in the first month of the second year after they came out from the land of Egypt 0 This means that they had come out of Egypt a year earlier. They were beginning their second year in the wilderness. 9:1 w91f rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths בַּחֹ֥דֶשׁ הָרִאשׁ֖וֹן 1 This is the **first month** of the Hebrew calendar. It marks when God brought the people of Israel out of Egypt. 9:1 ku29 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom after they came out from the land of Egypt 0 Here “they” refers to the people of Israel. The phrase “came out” means to leave. Alternate translation: “after they left the land of Egypt” 9:2 c6gr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit Let the people … at its fixed time of year 0 The word “fixed” means “previously set.” This means that this is when the observe it every year. Alternate translation: “Let the people … at the time of year they currently observe it” 9:3 vk82 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit On the fourteenth day … at its fixed time of year 0 This is the set time of year that they celebrate the Passover. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “On the fourteenth day … and observe it, for this is the time you do celebrate it every year” 9:3 an5n rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the fourteenth day 0 Alternate translation: “day 14” 9:3 bb9q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism follow all the regulations, and obey all the decrees 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined to emphasize that they needed to obey the commands. 9:3 p35m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom You must keep it 0 Here the phrase “keep it” is an idiom which means to observe it. Alternate translation: “You must observe it” or “You must celebrate it” 9:4 zr42 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom keep the Festival of the Passover 0 Here the word “keep” means to observe. Alternate translation: “observe the Festival of the Passover” or “celebrate the Festival of the Passover” 9:5 q5mv rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths בָּרִאשׁ֡וֹן בְּאַרְבָּעָה֩ עָשָׂ֨ר י֥וֹם לַחֹ֛דֶשׁ 1 This refers to time in the Jewish calendar. 9:6 n99k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit became unclean by the body of a dead man 0 This implies that they touched the dead man, which made them unclean. You can make clear the full meaning of this statement. Alternate translation: “became unclean because they touched the body of a dead man” 9:6 fh1w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor unclean 0 A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. 9:6 uhc8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom keep the Passover 0 Here the word “keep” means to observe. Alternate translation: “observe the Passover” or “celebrate the Passover” 9:7 g6ut rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit because of the dead body of a man 0 This means that they had touched a dead man’s body. You can make the full meaning of this statement clear. Alternate translation: “because we have touched the body of a dead man” 9:7 uun2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why do you keep us from offering the sacrifice … among the people of Israel? 0 The men ask this question in order to complain that they are not allowed to participate in celebrating the Passover. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “It is not fair that you keep us away from offering the sacrifice … among the people of Israel.” 9:7 w1xe fixed 0 set or predetermined 9:10 t4tm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor unclean 0 A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. 9:10 z9zw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit because of a dead body 0 This refers to someone touching a dead body. Alternate translation: “because you have touched a dead body” 9:10 r2yt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom keep the Passover 0 Here the word “keep” means to observe. Alternate translation: “observe the Passover” or “celebrate the Passover” 9:11 y3qa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom eat the Passover 0 Here the word “eat” means to observe. Alternate translation: “observe the Passover” or “celebrate the Passover” 9:11 s5xb rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths בַּחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשֵּׁנִ֜י בְּאַרְבָּעָ֨ה עָשָׂ֥ר י֛וֹם 1 This refers to time in the Jewish calendar. Alternate translation: “day 14 of month 2” 9:11 mks7 at evening 0 Alternate translation: “at sunset” 9:11 jjy6 with bread that is made without yeast 0 Alternate translation: “with bread that contains no yeast” 9:11 p8in bitter herbs 0 These are small plants that have a strong and usually bad taste. 9:12 p3rh or break any of its bones 0 Alternate translation: “and they must not break any of its bones” 9:13 w4fs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor any person who is clean 0 A person who God considers spiritually acceptable is spoken of as if the person were physically clean. 9:13 we52 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom keep the Passover 0 Here the word “keep” means to observe. Alternate translation: “observe the Passover” or “celebrate the Passover” 9:13 vx69 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא 1 Here the phrase **cut off** means to be disowned and sent away. Alternate translation: “and that person must be sent away” 9:13 h37g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and you must send that person away” 9:13 n841 fixed 0 set or predetermined 9:13 j8p3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor That man must carry his sin 0 Here the concept of the man having to bear the consequences of his sin is spoken of as if his sin were a heavy object that he had to carry. Alternate translation: “That man must bear the punishment for his sin” 9:14 ln14 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you lives among you 0 Here “you” is plural and refers to the people of Israel. 9:14 t2rf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism he must keep it according to the statute of the Passover and according to its rule 0 The words “statute” and “rule” mean basically the same thing and are used together to emphasize that the stranger must obey all of the rules about the Passover. Alternate translation: “that stranger must keep it and do all that Yahweh has commanded concerning the Passover” 9:14 bz6x in the land 0 Alternate translation: “in the land of Israel” 9:15 yg8g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the tabernacle was set up 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the Levites set up the tabernacle” 9:15 b1a2 the tent of the covenant decrees 0 This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated the phrase “the tabernacle of the covenant decrees” in [Numbers 1:50](../01/50.md). 9:15 z3jd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile It appeared like fire until morning 0 This refers to the cloud’s appearance during the night. Here the cloud is compared to looking like a fire. Alternate translation: “During the night the cloud looked like a huge fire until morning” 9:16 xiu9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit It continued that way 0 It may be helpful to explain that this refers to the cloud being over the tabernacle. Alternate translation: “The cloud remained this way over the tabernacle” 9:16 e3lc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile appeared like fire at night 0 The cloud’s appearance is compared to a huge fire. Alternate translation: “it looked like a huge fire at night” 9:17 s8ak rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the cloud was taken up 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “moved” or “Yahweh took up the cloud” 9:17 tp1c the cloud stopped 0 Alternate translation: “the cloud stopped moving” 9:18 zmr7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns At Yahweh’s command 0 The word “command” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “When Yahweh commanded” 9:20 ech9 on the tabernacle 0 Alternate translation: “over the tabernacle” 9:20 jqu8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom make camp 0 Here the word “make” means to “set up.” Alternate translation: “set up their camp” 9:21 a7ug rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit from evening until morning 0 This means that the cloud only stayed over the tabernacle for one night. You make clear the full meaning of this statement. Alternate translation: “only from evening until morning” or “over the tabernacle for only one night” 9:21 ynz2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit If it continued 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. “If the cloud stayed over the tabernacle” 9:21 zn66 only when the cloud lifted would they journey on 0 Alternate translation: “then after the cloud moved they would travel” 9:22 y7i4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the cloud was taken up 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the cloud rose up” or “Yahweh took up the cloud” 9:23 acm7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns at Yahweh’s command 0 The word “command” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh commanded” 9:23 h49s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Yahweh’s command given through Moses 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the command that Yahweh had given through Moses” 10:intro vix6 0 # Numbers 10 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Trumpets\n\nIn the ancient Near East, trumpets were used for many purposes. They were used to call people together. They were also used to lead people into battle.\n\n### Israel starts to move\n\nEach tribe had its place in line as did the tabernacle. Their movements through the desert were very deliberate and ordered. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]]) 10:2 a5wu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Make two silver trumpets 0 This means that Yahweh commanded Moses to have someone make the trumpet. He did not make them himself. Alternate translation: “Tell someone to make two silver trumpets” 10:2 a3nl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy You must use the trumpets 0 Moses will not blow the trumpets himself, but he will command the priests to blow them. 10:3 k8w4 in front of you 0 This means that Moses was to be there with the priest when he blew the trumpets. Alternate translation: “while you are present” 10:4 c73m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism the leaders, the heads of the clans of Israel 0 These two phrases refer to the same group of people. Here the second phrase is used to describe the first phrase. Alternate translation: “the leaders, who are the heads of the clans of Israel” 10:5 vt88 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you וּתְקַעְתֶּ֖ם תְּרוּעָ֑ה 1 Here the word **you** is plural. Yahweh is speaking to Moses, but he his referring to the priests. 10:5 a48l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּתְקַעְתֶּ֖ם תְּרוּעָ֑ה 1 The priests will blow the trumpets, Moses will not. Alternate translation: “And they shall blow a blast” 10:6 m9ab rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you וּתְקַעְתֶּ֤ם תְּרוּעָה֙ שֵׁנִ֔ית 1 Here the word **you** is plural. Yahweh is speaking to Moses, but he his referring to the priests. 10:6 huyc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּתְקַעְתֶּ֤ם תְּרוּעָה֙ שֵׁנִ֔ית 1 The priests will blow the trumpets, Moses will not. Alternate translation: “And they shall blow a second blast” 10:6 hik8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the second time 0 Alternate translation: “time number 2” or “again” 10:6 bv3w They must blow a loud signal for their journeys 0 Alternate translation: “They” refers to the priests and the word “their” refers to the people of Israel. 10:7 cga9 When the community gathers together 0 Alternate translation: “To gather the community together” 10:8 ias7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you be a regulation for you 0 Here “you” is plural and refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “be a rule for you” 10:9 em5l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche When you go to war … oppresses you 0 Yahweh is speaking to Moses and uses the word “you,” but he is actually referring the people of Israel going to war. Alternate translation: “When the people of Israel to war … oppresses Israel” 10:9 mze9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy then you must sound an alarm with the trumpets 0 Here Yahweh again speaks to Moses using the word “you” but actually wants Moses to have the priests blow the trumpets. Alternate translation: “then you must command the priests to sound an alarm with the trumpets” 10:9 unu5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom call you to mind 0 This phrase “call to mind” means to remember. Alternate translation: “remember you” 10:10 k3j1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns of celebration 0 The noun “celebration” can be expressed with the verb “celebrate.” Alternate translation: “when you celebrate” 10:10 elw2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy you must blow the trumpets 0 Here Yahweh again speaks to Moses using the word “you,” but actually wants him to have the priests blow the trumpets. Alternate translation: “you must command the priests to blow the trumpets” 10:10 cu9l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths at the beginnings of the months 0 There are 12 months on the Hebrew calendar. The beginning phase of the moon with its sliver of light marked the beginning of each month in the lunar calendar. 10:10 d7nd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you your burnt offerings … your fellowship offerings … you to me 0 In these phrases the words “your” and “you” are plural and refer to the people of Israel. 10:10 fs2w over the sacrifices 0 Alternate translation: “in honor of the sacrifices” 10:10 ii25 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns will act as a reminder of you to me 0 The word “reminder” can be expressed with the verb “remind.” Alternate translation: “will always remind you of me” 10:10 da3q These will act 0 The word “these” refers to the trumpets and the sacrifices. 10:11 g9q8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal In the second year 0 This refers to the second year after Yahweh brought the Israelites out of Egypt. Alternate translation: “In year 2” 10:11 etr3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal בַּחֹ֥דֶשׁ הַשֵּׁנִ֖י בְּעֶשְׂרִ֣ים בַּחֹ֑דֶשׁ 1 The word **second** is the ordinal form of "two." Alternate translation: “on day 20 of month 2” 10:11 obou rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths בַּחֹ֥דֶשׁ הַשֵּׁנִ֖י בְּעֶשְׂרִ֣ים בַּחֹ֑דֶשׁ 1 This is the **second month** of the Hebrew calendar. Alternate translation: “on day 20 of month 2” 10:11 be2g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the cloud was lifted 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the cloud rose up” or “Yahweh lifted the cloud” 10:11 gt38 the tabernacle of the covenant decrees 0 The tabernacle was also called by this longer name because the ark with the law of God was placed inside it. See how you translated this in [Numbers 1:50](../01/50.md). 10:13 qmj1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Yahweh’s command given through Moses 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the commands that Yahweh had given through Moses” 10:14 x7lp The camp under the banner of Judah’s descendants 0 This camp includes the three tribes under the division of Judah: Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun. 10:14 pjd4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal went out first 0 They packed up their camp and they left that place before all the others left. 10:14 dc5v Nahshon son of Amminadab 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:7](../01/07.md). 10:15 w1an Nethanel son of Zuar 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:8](../01/08.md). 10:16 d9ka Eliab son of Helon 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:9](../01/09.md). 10:17 drx6 Gershon … Merari 0 See how you translated these men’s names in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md). 10:18 fj8y the armies under the banner of Reuben’s camp 0 This refers to the armies of the tribes under the division of Reuben: Reuben, Simeon, and Gad. 10:18 tn9f Elizur son of Shedeur 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:5](../01/05.md). 10:19 yx6m Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai 0 See how you translated this man’s name [Numbers 1:6](../01/06.md). 10:20 r29y Eliasaph son of Deuel 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:14](../01/14.md). 10:21 n1gg Kohathites 0 This refers to the descendants of Kohath. See how you translated this in [Numbers 3:27](../03/27.md). 10:22 q3rx The armies under the banner of Ephraim’s descendants 0 This refers to the armies of the tribes under the division of Ephraim: Ephraim, Manasseh, and Benjamin. 10:22 rfy7 Elishama son of Ammihud 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:10](../01/10.md). 10:23 g3jn Gamaliel son of Pedahzur 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:10](../01/10.md). 10:24 f97k Abidan son of Gideoni 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:11](../01/11.md). 10:25 m8a2 The armies that camped under the banner of Dan’s descendants 0 This refers to the armies of the tribes under the division of Dan: Dan, Asher, and Naphtali. 10:25 bi6d Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:12](../01/12.md). 10:26 c4yp Pagiel son of Okran 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:13](../01/13.md). 10:27 g3gk Ahira son of Enan 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:15](../01/15.md). 10:29 eup1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Hobab son of Reuel 0 This is the name of a man. 10:29 ggx5 that Yahweh described 0 Alternate translation: “that Yahweh described to us” 10:29 w51l we will do you good 0 Alternate translation: “we will treat you well” 10:31 pn47 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom You must watch out for us 0 The phrase “watch out” means to guide and to take care of. Alternate translation: “You can guide us and show us how to live in the desert” 10:33 q53a They journeyed 0 Alternate translation: “They” refers to the people of Israel. 10:33 hp2q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the mountain of Yahweh 0 This refers to Mount Sinai. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Mount Sinai, the mountain of Yahweh” 10:33 ilz3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification The ark of the covenant of Yahweh went before them 0 The group of Levites carrying the ark of the covenant went before the people of Israel as the traveled. Alternate translation: “Men carried the ark of the covenant of Yahweh before them as they traveled” 10:34 r4vx by daylight 0 Alternate translation: “every day” or “during the day” 10:35 rz81 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification Whenever the ark set out 0 Here the ark is spoken of as if were a person traveling. The ark was really being carried by men. Alternate translation: “Whenever the people carrying the ark set out” 10:35 hqm2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Rise up, Yahweh 0 Here the phrase “rise up” is a request for Yahweh to act, in this case Moses is asking him to scatter their enemies. 10:35 n947 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Make those who hate you run from you 0 Here Moses speaks about Yahweh causing their enemies to flee from the people of Israel as if they were fleeing from Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “Make those who hate you run away from your ark and your people” 10:36 a1np rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification Whenever the ark stopped 0 Here the ark is spoken of as if were a person traveling. The ark was really being carried by men. Alternate translation: “Whenever the people carrying the ark stopped” 10:36 s46d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit many tens of thousands 0 This refers to people. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “many tens of thousands of people” 11:intro t7jv 0 # Numbers 11 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Complaining\n\nMoses complained about having too much responsibility. Therefore, God gave seventy men the spirit of prophecy to help Moses. The people complained about food, even though Yahweh was miraculously providing them with their food. The people complained because they did not have meat or fish to eat. God sent them quail. He punished some of the people, but it does not say why God did this. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) 11:1 y6b3 Fire from Yahweh burned 0 Alternate translation: “Yahweh sent fire that burned” 11:3 n5ye rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive That place was named 0 This can be stated in the active form. Alternate translation: “They named that place” 11:4 tfn7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Who will give us meat to eat? 0 The Israelites ask this question in order to complain and to express their desire for something other than manna to eat. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “We wish that we had meat to eat.” 11:6 s5bq our appetite is gone 0 Alternate translation: “we do not want to eat” or “we cannot eat” 11:7 wpg9 coriander seed 0 Coriander is also known as cilantro. This seed serves as a spice when dried. 11:7 y9r3 resin 0 This is a sticky substance with a pale yellow color. 11:10 uu2r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor in Moses’ eyes 0 he eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “in Moses’ opinion” or “in Moses’ judgement” 11:11 zm5k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses complains to Yahweh using several rhetorical questions. 11:11 qg3b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person לָמָ֤ה הֲרֵעֹ֨תָ֙ לְעַבְדֶּ֔ךָ 1 Moses speaks of himself in the third person. Alternate translation: “Why do you do evil to me?” 11:11 eej5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion לָמָ֤ה הֲרֵעֹ֨תָ֙ לְעַבְדֶּ֔ךָ וְלָ֛מָּה לֹא־ מָצָ֥תִי חֵ֖ן בְּעֵינֶ֑יךָ לָשׂ֗וּם אֶת־ מַשָּׂ֛א כָּל־ הָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֖ה עָלָֽי 1 Moses used these questions to complain about the way God was treating him. They can be expressed as statements. Alternate translation: “You should not treat me, your servant, so badly. You should not be angry with me by making me responsible for what all these people have done!” 11:11 jll4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor You make me carry the load of all these people 0 Moses complains and speaks of leading the people and providing for them as if he were carrying a heavy load. Alternate translation: “You make me responsible for all these people, but it’s too hard for me” 11:12 hah2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Did I conceive all these people? 0 Moses used this question to remind God that Moses was not their father. Alternate translation: “I am not the father of all these people.” 11:12 iw91 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Have I given them birth so that you should say to me, ‘Carry … baby?’ 0 Moses wants God to remember that God told him to take care of the Israelites even though Moses was not their father. Alternate translation: “I have not given them birth, so you have no right to say to me, ‘Carry … baby’!” 11:12 p2qz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Carry them closely to your chest 0 To take care of the Israelites is spoken of as if it were to carry a helpless newborn baby. 11:12 b2i5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Should I carry them … to give them? 0 If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not expect me to carry them … to give them!” or “I am not able to carry them … to give them!” 11:13 pr1g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Where can I find meat to give to all this people? 0 Moses used this question to complain that it was impossible for him to give meat to all the people. Alternate translation: “I cannot possibly find enough meat to give to all these people.” 11:14 is35 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I cannot bear all these people alone 0 Moses speaks of leading and providing for the people as if he were carrying them. Alternate translation: “I cannot provide for all these people alone” 11:14 x4d7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom They are too much for me 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “This responsibility is too difficult for me” 11:17 tp3h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy some of the Spirit that is on you 0 The “Spirit” here represents the power that God’s Spirit had given to Moses so that Moses could do what God told him to do. Alternate translation: “some of the power that the Spirit has given you” 11:17 dz3z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor They will bear the burden of the people with you 0 God speaks of the responsibility of leading and providing for the people as if it were a burden that Moses and the leaders would carry. Alternate translation: “They will help you care for the people” 11:17 qll3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor You will not have to bear it alone 0 God speaks of the responsibility of leading and providing for the people as if it were a burden that Moses and the leaders would carry. Alternate translation: “You will not care for them alone” 11:18 mc86 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Who will give us meat to eat? 0 The Israelites had asked this question in order to complain and to express their desire for something other than manna to eat. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “We wish that we had meat to eat.” 11:20 mhi2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor until it comes out of your nostrils 0 This could mean: (1) God speaks of vomiting as if the food would come out through their nostrils. Alternate translation: “until you are sick and vomit” or (2) they would eat so much meat that it would be as if it would come out of their nostrils. Alternate translation: “until it feels like it would have to come out of your nostrils” 11:20 r2iy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why did we leave Egypt? 0 The people had used this question to express regret and to complain. Alternate translation: “We never should have left Egypt.” 11:21 sej6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 600,000 people 0 Alternate translation: “six hundred thousand people” 11:22 tbn5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Should we kill flocks and herds to satisfy them? Should we catch all the fish in the sea to satisfy them? 0 Moses uses these questions to express his doubt that there could be enough meat to feed all of the people. Alternate translation: “We would have to kill entire flocks and herds and catch all the fish in the sea to satisfy them!” 11:22 xap3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet flocks and herds 0 These two words mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize a great number of animals. 11:22 c3w9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole all the fish in the sea 0 The word “all” is an exaggeration to show how impossible it was to provide food for all the people of Israel. 11:22 u4s6 to satisfy them 0 Alternate translation: “to satisfy their hunger” 11:23 ky75 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הֲיַ֥ד יְהוָ֖ה תִּקְצָ֑ר 1 Here the word **hand** represents God’s power. Alternate translation: “Do you think that I am not powerful enough to do this?” 11:23 wp9r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲיַ֥ד יְהוָ֖ה תִּקְצָ֑ר 1 God uses this question to rebuke Moses for thinking that God did not have the power to provide enough meat for the people. Alternate translation: “You should know I am more than strong enough to do this.” 11:24 qz74 Yahweh’s words 0 Alternate translation: “what Yahweh had said” 11:25 c9s5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy some of the Spirit that was on Moses 0 The “Spirit” here represents the power that God’s Spirit had given to Moses. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 11:17](../11/17.md). Alternate translation: “some of the power that the Spirit had given to Moses” 11:25 g325 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor put it on the seventy elders 0 Giving power to the elders is spoken of as putting the Spirit on them. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 11:17](../11/17.md). Alternate translation: “gave it to the seventy elders” 11:25 i7yn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor When the Spirit rested on them 0 Having power from the Spirit is spoken of as if the Spirit rested on them. Alternate translation: “When they had power from the Spirit” 11:26 dn97 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor The Spirit also rested on them 0 The Spirit giving them power is spoken of as if the Spirit rested on them. Alternate translation: “The Spirit also gave them power” 11:26 b766 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Their names were written on the list 0 This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: “Moses had written their names on the list” 11:28 p5f7 stop them 0 Alternate translation: “tell them to stop prophesying” 11:29 x4na rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Are you jealous for my sake? 0 Moses uses this question to rebuke Joshua. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement, if necessary. Alternate translation: “You should not be jealous for my sake.” 11:29 sl5x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit Are you jealous for my sake? 0 What Joshua might have been jealous about can be stated clearly if needed. Alternate translation: “Are you concerned that they might be taking away something that belongs to me?” or “Are you concerned that people will not respect my authority?” 11:29 nm1s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor that he would put his Spirit on them all 0 Moses speaks of God’s Spirit giving people power as if God were to put his Spirit on them. Alternate translation: “that God’s Spirit would give them all power” 11:31 esv9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown quail 0 a small bird 11:31 k1e2 about a day’s journey on one side and a day’s journey on the other side 0 Alternate translation: “in each direction for as far as a person could walk in one day” 11:31 w6al rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance וּכְאַמָּתַ֖יִם 1 A **cubit** is a unit of measurement equal to about 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “and about 92 centimeters” or “and about 1 meter” 11:32 t6d9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives No one gathered less than ten homers of quail 0 This is a double negative which can be expressed as a positive statement. Alternate translation: “Everyone gathered at least ten homers of quail” 11:32 r8bg rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume ten homers 0 A homer is a unit of volume equal to about 220 liters. Alternate translation: “2,200 liters” 11:33 zs3j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism While the meat was still between their teeth, while they were chewing it 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize that God punished them immediately, even while they were eating the meat. Alternate translation: “While they were still eating the meat” 11:34 xkj8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names וַיִּקְרָ֛א אֶת־ שֵֽׁם־ הַמָּק֥וֹם הַה֖וּא קִבְר֣וֹת הַֽתַּאֲוָ֑ה 1 This was the same **place** that was formerly called, “Taberah” in [11:3](../11/03.md). Alternate translation: “They named that place Kibroth Hattaavah” 11:35 j14n rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Hazeroth 0 This is the name of a place in the desert. 12:intro qam4 0 # Numbers 12 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 12:6–8.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Idiom\n\nGod used the idiom “mouth to mouth” meaning “speaking directly with both people present.” This indicated that Moses was more than just a prophet and greater than other prophets. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) 12:2 h4pv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Has Yahweh spoken only with Moses? Has he not spoken also with us? 0 Miriam and Aaron use these questions to complain that Moses had so much authority and they did not. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has not spoken only with Moses. He has also spoken with us.” 12:2 aac3 Now Yahweh heard 0 The word “Now” hear draws attention to the important point that follows. 12:3 v4cp rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background Now the man Moses 0 Alternate translation: “Now” is used to mark a break in the main story line. The narrator tells background information about Moses’ character. 12:5 nrn9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor a pillar of cloud 0 The shape of the cloud is spoken of as if it were a pillar. Alternate translation: “a cloud shaped like a pillar” or “a tall cloud” 12:7 q7sy My servant Moses is not like that 0 Alternate translation: “I do not speak to Moses like that” 12:7 m3bf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy He is faithful in all my house 0 Here “my house” represents the nation of Israel. Being faithful in God’s house represents being faithful in leading Israel. Alternate translation: “Moses leads my people faithfully” or “Moses is the one whom I trust to lead my people Israel” 12:8 n7dr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion So why are you unafraid to speak against my servant, against Moses? 0 Yahweh asks this question to rebuke Miriam and Aaron. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should be afraid to speak against my servant, against Moses.” 12:8 f9rh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism against my servant, against Moses 0 The phrase “against Moses” clarifies that he is the “servant” of whom Yahweh speaks. Alternate translation: “against my servant, Moses” 12:9 b7b8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Yahweh’s anger burned against them 0 Yahweh’s anger is spoken of as if it were a fire. Alternate translation: “Yahweh became very angry with them” 12:10 e5f3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile was as white as snow 0 Leprosy turned Miriam’s skin white. Alternate translation: “became very white” 12:11 e1yt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy do not hold this sin against us 0 To hold people’s sin against them is to say that they are guilty for their sin. Here it represents punishing them for their sin. 12:12 ml35 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile אַל־ נָ֥א תְהִ֖י כַּמֵּ֑ת 1 Aaron compares the deadly leprosy of Miriam to a stillborn baby who has begun to decompose. 12:13 tf8r Please heal her, God, please 0 Here “please” is repeated for emphasis. 12:14 f2gq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo וְאָבִ֨יהָ֙ יָרֹ֤ק יָרַק֙ בְּפָנֶ֔יהָ 1 This describes something that could have happened but did not. 12:14 iv3z rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְאָבִ֨יהָ֙ יָרֹ֤ק יָרַק֙ בְּפָנֶ֔יהָ 1 Spitting in someone’s face was a terrible insult. 12:15 dk19 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Miriam was shut outside the camp 0 Being sent out of the camp and not being allowed to go back in is spoken of as if there were a door that was closed behind her. Alternate translation: “Miriam was sent outside the camp” or “Miriam was kept outside the camp” 12:15 ww7l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Miriam was shut outside the camp 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Moses shut Miriam outside the camp” or “Moses sent Miriam outside the camp” 12:16 w7ur Hazeroth 0 This is the name of a place in the desert. See how you translated it in [Numbers 11:35](../11/35.md). 13:intro a1bi 0 # Numbers 13 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Spies\n\nLeaders from each of the tribes went to spy on the Promised Land in Canaan. Yahweh was not concerned with how many people were there, because he could defeat them. It appears that he is testing the faith of the people. The people were supposed to be excited to enter this wonderful land, instead they were afraid. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/test]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) 13:2 mg6w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture which I have given 0 God had decided that the land of Canaan would belong to the people of Israel, but they had not yet moved into it. Alternate translation: “which I have decided to give” or “which I will soon give” 13:2 t5e2 Each man must be a leader among them 0 Alternate translation: “Each man whom you send must be a leader among his tribe” 13:4 l3bh rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Shammua son of Zaccur 0 These are men’s names. 13:5 eby6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Shaphat … Hori 0 These are men’s names. 13:6 c885 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Jephunneh 0 A man’s name. 13:7 tja2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Igal 0 A man’s name. 13:8 yw3k rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Nun 0 A man’s name. 13:9 l162 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Palti … Raphu 0 These are men’s names. 13:10 sbw9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Gaddiel … Sodi 0 These are men’s names. 13:11 n7ll rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Gaddi … Susi 0 These are men’s names. 13:11 f5if rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit from the tribe of Joseph (that is to say, from the tribe Manasseh) 0 The relationship between Joseph and Manasseh can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “from the tribe of Joseph’s son Manasseh” 13:12 hpf5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Ammiel … Gemalli 0 These are men’s names. 13:13 x1fn rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Sethur … Michael 0 These are men’s names. 13:14 m5ue rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Nahbi … Vophsi 0 These are men’s names. 13:15 f4tz rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Geuel … Maki 0 These are men’s names. 13:16 bb3l Hoshea son of Nun 0 See how you translated these men’s names in [Numbers 13:8](../13/08.md). 13:19 kv19 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Is it good or bad? What cities are there? Are they like camps, or are they fortified cities? 0 Moses asks these questions to explain the kind of information that the men were to report back to him. These can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “See if the land is good or bad, what kind of cities are there, and whether those cities are only camps, or whether they have defensive walls around them.” 13:19 x34f Are they like camps, or are they fortified cities 0 Fortified cities had strong walls around them to protect them from enemy armies. Camps did not have these walls. 13:21 t6ca rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Zin … Rehob 0 These are names of places. 13:21 ubr4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate the wilderness of Zin 0 The word “Zin” here is the Hebrew name of the wilderness. 13:22 f2ju rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Zoan 0 This is the name of a place. 13:22 vki3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְחֶבְר֗וֹן שֶׁ֤בַע שָׁנִים֙ נִבְנְתָ֔ה לִפְנֵ֖י צֹ֥עַן מִצְרָֽיִם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And the Canaanites had built Hebron seven years before the Egyptians built Zoan” 13:22 z3rn rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Ahiman … Sheshai … Talmai 0 These are names of clans that were named after their ancestors. 13:22 i3ei rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Anak 0 This is the name of a man. 13:23 hg6e rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Eshkol 0 This is the name of a place. 13:23 th6k between two of their group 0 Alternate translation: “between two men of their group” 13:24 rxd9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive That place was named 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “They named that place” 13:25 ky7r rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers After forty days 0 Alternate translation: “After 40 days” 13:26 kr4l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy They brought back word 0 Here “word” refers to a report. Alternate translation: “They brought back their report” or “They reported what they had seen” 13:27 id7v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ֠גַם זָבַ֨ת חָלָ֥ב וּדְבַ֛שׁ הִ֖וא 1 They spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants were flowing through the land. Alternate translation: “And it is certainly excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” or “And it is certainly a very fertile land” 13:27 q2as rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy milk 0 Since milk comes from cows and goats, it represents livestock and the food produced from the livestock. Alternate translation: “food from livestock” 13:27 qn6h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy honey 0 Since honey is produced from flowers, it represents crops and the food produced from the crops. Alternate translation: “food from crops” 13:32 du7c they spread around … They said 0 Here “they” refers to all of the men who examined the land except for Caleb and Joshua. 13:32 e74q the land that they had examined 0 Here “they” refers to all of the men who examined the land including Caleb and Joshua. 13:32 i1fs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor a land that eats up its inhabitants 0 The men speak of the land, or the people of the land, being very dangerous as if the land ate up people. Alternate translation: “a very dangerous land” or “a land where the people will kill us” 13:33 zz8m rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Anak 0 This is the name of a man. 13:33 ckl6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor In our own sight … in their sight 0 Here sight represents evaluation and judgement. Alternate translation: “In our own opinion … in their opinion” or “In our own judgement … in their judgement” 13:33 s8xm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile we were like grasshoppers in comparison with them 0 The men speak of grasshoppers to show how very small they thought themselves to be compared to the people of the land. Alternate translation: “we are as small as grasshoppers in comparison with them” 14:intro paw9 0 # Numbers 14 General Notes\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Rhetorical Questions\n\nThe author uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. These questions indicate that people did not have faith in Yahweh. Yahweh also uses rhetorical questions to show the people’s lack of faith. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) 14:3 r8f9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why did Yahweh bring us to this land to die by the sword? 0 The people use this question in order to complain and accuse Yahweh of treating them unfairly. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Yahweh should not have brought us to this land only to die by the sword.” 14:3 c2ap rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy to die by the sword 0 Here “the sword” represents either being killed by the sword or being killed in battle. Alternate translation: “to die when people attack us with swords” or “to die in battle” or 14:3 y89n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Is it not better for us to return to Egypt? 0 The people use this question to encourage people to agree with them that it would be better to return to Egypt. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “It would be better for us to return to Egypt than to try to conquer Canaan.” 14:4 t6qp They said to each another 0 This refers to the people of Israel. 14:5 f4j7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction lay facedown 0 Moses and Aaron did this to show that they were humbling themselves before God. They feared that God might punish the people for rebelling against him. Alternate translation: “lay facedown in humility to God” or “lay facedown to pray to God” 14:6 p2vs rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Nun … Jephunneh 0 These are names of men. 14:6 d9ig rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive who were some of those sent 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “who were some of those whom Moses sent” 14:6 s58b rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction tore their clothes 0 Tearing one’s clothes was a gesture indicating the person is very troubled and is mourning. 14:8 nc38 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor The land flows with milk and honey 0 They spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants flowed through it. See how you translated this in [Numbers 13:27](../13/27.md). Alternate translation: “It is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” or “It is very fertile land” 14:9 mdvx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative אַל־תִּמְרֹדוּ֒ וְאַתֶּ֗ם אַל־תִּֽירְאוּ֙ & אַל־תִּירָאֻֽם 1 In this verse, **shall** indicates a command. See the discussion of **shall** in the [book introduction](../front/intro.md). 14:9 yk5g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor כִּ֥י לַחְמֵ֖נוּ הֵ֑ם 1 Joshua and Caleb speak of destroying their enemies as easily as if they were eating bread. Alternate translation: “for we will destroy them as easily as we can eat food” 14:9 en4q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Their protection will be removed from them 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will remove their protection from them” 14:9 z1a2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns Their protection 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **protection**, you can express the same idea with “protect.” Alternate translation: “Anyone that might protect them” 14:11 g9t8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion How long must this people despise me? How long must they fail to trust me, despite all the signs … them? 0 Yahweh uses these questions to show that he was angry and had lost patience with the people. They can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “This people has despised me for too long. They have failed to trust me for too long, despite all the signs … them.” 14:12 fg73 disinherit them 0 This may imply that he would destroy them, and some versions translate it that way. Alternate translation: “reject them from being my people” 14:12 i52q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you make from your own clan 0 Here “your” is singular and refers to Moses. 14:14 ugy1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor you are seen face to face 0 This could mean: (1) Moses speaks of God showing himself to his people as if God had allowed them to actually see his face. Alternate translation: “they have seen you” or (2) Moses speaks of the intimate relationship between him and God as if Moses could see God’s face when God spoke to him. Alternate translation: “you speak directly to me” 14:15 py5f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor as one man 0 Killing them all at the same time is spoken of as killing them as one person. Alternate translation: “all at one time” 14:18 rp6d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns abundant in covenant faithfulness 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you can express the same idea with “faithful” or “faithfully.” Alternate translation: “always faithful to his covenant” or “always faithfully loves his people” 14:18 gp2r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor He will by no means clear the guilty 0 Clearing away people’s sin is a metaphor for refusing to punish them. God would not clear away the sin of guilty people. Alternate translation: “He will always punish the guilty” 14:18 z9da rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor when he brings the punishment of the ancestors’ sin on their descendants 0 Punishing people is spoken of as if punishment were an object that could be brought and put on people. Alternate translation: “when he punishes the guilty people’s descendants for the guilty people’s sins” 14:21 ft8l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive all the earth will be filled with my glory 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “my glory will fill all the earth” 14:22 nu5r they have still tempted me 0 Alternate translation: “they have continued to test me” 14:22 ksb4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom these ten times 0 Here the number 10 represents too many times. Alternate translation: “too many times” 14:22 hz59 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy have not listened to my voice 0 Here “listened” represents obedience, and God’s voice represents what he said. Alternate translation: “have not obeyed what I have said” 14:24 n5dj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עֵ֣קֶב הָֽיְתָ֞ה ר֤וּחַ אַחֶ֨רֶת֙ עִמּ֔וֹ 1 Here, **spirit** represents his attitude. Caleb was willing to obey God. What his attitude was can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “because he has a different attitude” 14:27 tw5b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion How long must I tolerate this evil community that criticizes me? 0 Yahweh asks this question because he has lost patience with the people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I have tolerated this evil community who has criticized me long enough.” 14:27 xx71 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns I have heard the complaining of the people of Israel 0 The word “complaining,” an abstract noun, can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “I have heard the people of Israel complain” 14:28 l1fy as you have spoken in my hearing 0 Alternate translation: “as I have heard you say” 14:29 w3wa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Your dead bodies will fall 0 Their dead bodies falling represents them dying. Alternate translation: “You will die” 14:29 eyl2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive you who were counted in the census 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you whom Moses counted in the census” 14:29 me6z from twenty years old and upward 0 Alternate translation: “twenty years old and older” 14:32 aj16 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy your dead bodies will fall 0 Their dead bodies falling represents them dying. Alternate translation: “you will die” 14:33 kz3x Your children will be shepherds in the wilderness 0 Some modern versions choose to translate, “Your children will wander in the wilderness.” This is because in ancient times, shepherds usually wandered from place to place so their flocks and herds could find pasture. 14:33 qfw3 They must bear the consequences of your acts 0 Alternate translation: “They must suffer the consequences of your acts” or “They must suffer because of your acts” 14:33 np7a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy until the end of your corpses 0 A corpse is a dead body. The end of their corpses represents the last of the them dying. Alternate translation: “until the last one of you dies” or “until all of you die” 14:34 b4f1 bear the consequences of your sins 0 Alternate translation: “suffer the consequences of your sins” or “suffer because of your sins” 14:35 ymw2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit They will be completely cut off 0 This probably means that they will no longer exist. Alternate translation: “they will come to an end” or “they will all be destroyed” 14:37 s3ps rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit these men who had brought out a bad report about the land were struck down, and they died of a plague before Yahweh 0 The phrase “plague before Yahweh” shows that Yahweh struck them down. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh struck down these men who had brought out a bad report about the land, and they died” 14:40 a9pc Look, we are here 0 They use these words to emphasize that they have changed their minds and now want to do what they should have done the day before. Your language may have a different way of showing this. 14:41 ey92 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why are you now violating Yahweh’s command? 0 Moses asks this question to rebuke the people of Israel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not be violating Yahweh’s command again.” 14:42 lu7s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative אַֽל־תַּעֲל֔וּ 1 Here, **shall not** indicates a negative command. See the discussion of **shall not** in the [book introduction](../front/intro.md). 14:42 e9xw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Yahweh is not with you 0 Helping them is spoken of as being with them. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will not help you” 14:42 h2kl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive to prevent you from being defeated by your enemies 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “to prevent your enemies from defeating you” or “to give you victory over your enemies” 14:43 vu71 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy you will die by the sword 0 Here “the sword” refers to battle. Alternate translation: “you will die in battle” or “they will kill you when you fight against them” 14:43 wp6t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor you turned back from following Yahweh 0 Obeying Yahweh is spoken of as following him, and stopping doing that is spoken of as turning away from him. Alternate translation: “you stopped obeying Yahweh” or “you have decided not to obey Yahweh” 14:43 qj3c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor he will not be with you 0 Helping them is spoken of as being with them. Alternate translation: “he will not help you” 14:44 dy4m they presumed to go up into the hill country 0 Alternate translation: “they dared to go up into the hill country even though God did not approve” 14:44 c73c into the hill country 0 Much of the land of Israel is elevated. When the Israelites crossed the Jordan River valley to attack the Canaanites, there were hills that they had to climb in order to go farther into the land of Canaan. 15:intro s9dr 0 # Numbers 15 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Purifying the people\n\nAs the people travel through the wilderness, Yahweh is purifying them. He is doing this so that they are able to enter into the Promised Land. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/purify]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### Prostitution\n\nThe imagery of prostitution is commonly used in Scripture to indicate that Yahweh alone is to be worshiped. The people are compared to the prostitute because a husband is to only have a sexual relationship with his wife. Both the prostitute and the worship of other gods are violations of this exclusive relationship. Many cultures will struggle with this imagery because of a desire to use euphemisms. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) 15:1 kit4 0 # General Information:\n\nNumbers 15:1–32 tells what God told Moses to tell the people of Israel. 15:3 w63b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor to produce a pleasing aroma for Yahweh from the herd or the flock 0 The Lord’s pleasure with the aroma represents his pleasure with the person who burns the offering. Alternate translation: “to please Yahweh by burning a sacrifice from the herd or the flock” 15:4 x238 a burnt offering 0 This refers to the offerings spoken of in [Numbers 15:3](../15/03.md). 15:4 yb2v rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume a tenth of an ephah 0 An ephah is a unit of volume equal to about 22 liters. Alternate translation: “about 2 liters” or “two liters” 15:4 tf7w rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume one-fourth of a hin 0 A hin is a unit of volume equal to about 3.7 liters. Alternate translation: “about 1 liter” or “one liter” 15:6 c6bq rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume two-tenths of an ephah 0 An ephah is a unit of volume equal to about 22 liters. Alternate translation: “4 liters” or “four and a half liters” 15:6 n7vu rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume a third of a hin 0 A hin is a unit of volume equal to about 3.7 liters. Alternate translation: “one liter” 15:7 pp6e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor It will produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh 0 The Lord’s pleasure with the aroma represents his pleasure with the person who burns the offering. Alternate translation: “You will please Yahweh by offering it” 15:9 tu6y rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume three-tenths of an ephah 0 You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: “six and one half liters” 15:9 r51w rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume half a hin 0 You may convert this to a modern measure Alternate translation: “two liters” 15:10 l51m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive made by fire 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that you burn on the altar” 15:10 h4r6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor to produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh 0 The Lord being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offers the sacrifice is spoken of as if God were pleased with the aroma of the sacrifice. Alternate translation: “to please Yahweh by offering it” 15:11 f88g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive It must be done 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must do it” 15:12 a9x6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive must be done as described 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must do as I have described” 15:13 p4pt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive made by fire 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that they burn on the altar” 15:13 ziu6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor to produce an aroma that is pleasing to Yahweh 0 Yahweh being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offers the sacrifice is spoken of as if Yahweh were pleased with the aroma of the sacrifice. Alternate translation: “to please Yahweh by offering it” 15:14 l1di rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive he must make an offering made by fire 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he must burn an offering on the altar” 15:14 b1ia rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor to produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh 0 The Lord being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offers the sacrifice is spoken of as if God were pleased with the aroma of the sacrifice. Alternate translation: “to please Yahweh by offering it” 15:15 wi5k As you are, so also must be the traveler 0 This could mean: (1) “You and the traveler staying with you are alike before Yahweh” or (2) “The same law applies to both you and the traveler” 15:15 l678 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit He must act as you act before Yahweh 0 Because it says that they must act as the Israelites in Yahweh’s presence, it is implied that they must obey all of Yahweh’s commands. Alternate translation: “he must act as you act and obey all of Yahweh’s commands” 15:19 w5ic rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the food produced in the land 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the food that the land produces” or “the food that you produce in the land” 15:20 yt5q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the first of your dough 0 This could mean: (1) the first grain that they would gather during the harvest or (2) the dough that they would make from the first of their grain. 15:20 i3c9 a loaf 0 Calling it a loaf implies that they would cooked the dough first. 15:20 huf4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom to raise it up as a raised offering 0 This idiom “raise it up” refers to offering it as a gift. Alternate translation: “to offer it as a gift” 15:20 hum8 a raised offering from the threshing floor 0 The offering is spoken of as being from the threshing floor because this is where they would separate the grain from the other parts of the plant. 15:22 pp7r 0 # General Information:\n\nThe word “you” here refers to Israelite people. 15:24 mua7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor to produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh 0 The Lord being pleased with the sincere worshipers who offer the sacrifice is spoken of as if God were pleased with the aroma of the sacrifice. Alternate translation: “to please Yahweh by burning it” 15:24 l26t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive must be made a grain offering and drink offering 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must make a grain offering and drink offering” 15:24 w7mx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive as commanded by the decree 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as the decree commands” or “as I commanded when I made the decree” 15:25 xii5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive They will be forgiven 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will forgive them” 15:25 gs8c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive made by fire 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that they made by fire” or “that they burned on the altar” 15:26 scd4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive all the community of the people of Israel will be forgiven 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will forgive all the community of the people of Israel” 15:27 de37 a female goat a year old 0 Alternate translation: “a 1-year-old female goat” 15:28 xn5j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive That person will be forgiven when atonement has been made 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will forgive that person when the priest has made atonement” 15:30 i7a8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽהּ 1 The metaphor **cut off** could mean: (1) he must be sent away from Israel. (2) he must not be considered a member of the people of Israel anymore. (3) he must be killed. 15:30 x0ia rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽהּ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And his people must send him away” or “And I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” or “And you must kill him” 15:31 jjv8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִצְוָת֖וֹ הֵפַ֑ר 1 Not obeying a **commandment** of Yahweh is spoken of as breaking it. Alternate translation: “has disobeyed my commandment” or “has not obeyed what I commanded” 15:31 d6w9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עֲוֺנָ֥ה בָֽהּ 1 Here, **iniquity** could refer to: (1) the punishment for that sin or (2) the guilt of that sin. 15:31 dzls rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עֲוֺנָ֥ה בָֽהּ 1 Here, **iniquity** being **on him** is a metaphor that could mean: (1) he is being punished. Alternate translation: “I will punish him because of his sin” (2) he is guilty. Alternate translation: “I will consider him guilty” 15:34 rs36 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive it had not been declared what should be done with him 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh had not declared what they should do with him” 15:35 hw5x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive The man must surely be put to death 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must surely put the man to death” or “The man must surely die” 15:38 k8rm the descendants of Israel 0 Alternate translation: “the people of Israel” 15:39 hl7a to carry them out 0 Alternate translation: “to obey them” 15:39 gwl3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְלֹֽא־ תָתֻ֜רוּ אַחֲרֵ֤י לְבַבְכֶם֙ וְאַחֲרֵ֣י עֵֽינֵיכֶ֔ם 1 Here, **explore after** is a metaphor for thinking about something. Alternate translation: “so that you do not think about whatever your heart and eyes want” 15:39 iqf7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְלֹֽא־ תָתֻ֜רוּ אַחֲרֵ֤י לְבַבְכֶם֙ וְאַחֲרֵ֣י עֵֽינֵיכֶ֔ם 1 Here the **heart** represents what a person wants, and the **eyes** represent what a person sees and wants. Alternate translation: “And you must not think about whatever you want” 15:39 vhx4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֲשֶׁר־ אַתֶּ֥ם זֹנִ֖ים אַחֲרֵיהֶֽם 1 Being unfaithful to God by choosing to do whatever they want is spoken of as if they were women who were unfaithful to their husband by choosing to have sinful relationships with other men. 15:39 bbvk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֲשֶׁר־ אַתֶּ֥ם זֹנִ֖ים אַחֲרֵיהֶֽם 1 It can be stated clearly that this was a shameful thing to do. Alternate translation: “and be shamefully unfaithful to me” or “and do those things instead of obeying me” 15:40 x4hp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom call to mind 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “remember” 15:41 zvn9 I am Yahweh your God 0 This clause is repeated for emphasis. 16:intro q814 0 # Numbers 16 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Rebellion and punishment\n\nA certain Levite and a few men from the tribe of Reuben claimed that they were just as good as Moses and Aaron, and they also could do the work of sacrificing animals at the sacred tent. So Moses told them to come to the sacred tent and burn incense to Yahweh. God then made the earth open and swallow up these leaders and their families. He also sent fire to destroy 250 other men who had joined with those leaders. These actions showed that only the Levites, those whom Yahweh appointed, could be priests. Also, it taught the people that to rebel against Yahweh’s anointed was to rebel against Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/appoint]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/anoint]]) 16:1 xx9n Kohath 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md). 16:2 t69q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor rose up against Moses 0 Rebelling or criticizing someone in authority is spoken of as if they were standing up to fight. Alternate translation: “rebelled against Moses” 16:2 uge1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers two hundred and fifty 0 Alternate translation: “250” 16:2 xrx5 well-known members in the community 0 Alternate translation: “famous members of the community” or “important men in the community” 16:3 d8r9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom You have gone too far 0 This represents doing more than one should. Alternate translation: “You have done more than you should” or “You assume to have more authority than you should” 16:3 d8ny rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why do you lift up yourselves above the rest of Yahweh’s community? 0 The men ask this question to rebuke Moses and Aaron. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You are wrong to lift up yourselves above the rest of Yahweh’s community.” 16:3 df9e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor lift up yourselves above the rest 0 Considering someone to be important is spoken of as lifting it up. Alternate translation: “consider yourselves more important than the rest” 16:4 srs6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction he lay facedown 0 This indicates that Moses was humbling himself before God. He was afraid that God would punish the people for rebelling against God and his chosen leaders. 16:5 fhi5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive who is set apart to him 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom Yahweh has set apart for himself” 16:6 gjn6 censers 0 containers in which to burn incense 16:7 ch73 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom before Yahweh 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “in Yahweh’s presence” 16:7 mzq8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive that man will be set apart to Yahweh 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will set apart that man for himself” 16:7 d9vh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom You have gone too far 0 This represents doing more than one should. Alternate translation: “You have done more than you should” or “You assume to have more authority than you should” 16:9 e9pf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion is it a small thing for you … to serve them? 0 Moses uses this question to rebuke Korah and the men with him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You behave as though it is a small thing for you … to serve them!” or “You should not consider it a small thing … to serve them!” 16:9 b5rz a small thing for you 0 Alternate translation: “not enough for you” or “unimportant to you” 16:10 l58j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor you are seeking the priesthood also 0 Wanting to have the priesthood is spoken of as if they were looking for it. Alternate translation: “you want to have the priesthood too” or “you want to be priests also” 16:11 lf5d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Who is Aaron that you grumble against him? 0 Moses uses this question to show them that when they complain about what Aaron does, they are really complaining against Yahweh, because Aaron was doing what Yahweh told him to do. Alternate translation: “You are not really complaining about Aaron, but about Yahweh, whom Aaron obeys!” 16:13 mx6i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Is it a small thing that you have brought us … to kill us in the wilderness? 0 Dathan and Abiram use this question to rebuke Moses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You behave as though it was a small thing for you to bring us … and kill us in the wilderness.” 16:13 pgv9 a small thing 0 Alternate translation: “not enough” or “unimportant” 16:13 gs63 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מֵאֶ֨רֶץ זָבַ֤ת חָלָב֙ וּדְבַ֔שׁ 1 They spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the **milk and honey** from those animals and plants were flowing through the land. See how you translated this in [Numbers 14:8](../14/08.md). Alternate translation: “from a land that is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” or “from a very fertile land” 16:13 v8lm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole to kill us 0 The people exaggerate because they will hold Moses responsible if any of them die. Alternate translation: “to have us die” 16:14 bm99 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor as an inheritance 0 They spoke of what God would give them to be theirs forever as if it were an inheritance. 16:14 vux9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Now do you want to blind us with empty promises? 0 The people used this question to accuse Moses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Now you want to blind us with empty promises.” 16:14 j7zc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor to blind us 0 Deceiving people is spoken of as making them blind. Alternate translation: “to deceive us” 16:14 f558 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor with empty promises 0 They speak of promises that are not kept as if they are empty containers. Alternate translation: “with promises that you do not keep” or “by promising to do things that you do not do” 16:15 ic4x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche I have not taken one donkey from them 0 One donkey here represents anything that a person my take from someone else. Alternate translation: “I have not taken anything from them, not even one donkey” 16:17 u87u censer 0 a container in which to burn incense 16:21 f57b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor that I may consume them 0 Destroying them is spoken of as if God were to eat them. Alternate translation: “that I may destroy them” or “and I will destroy them” 16:22 zgg1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction lay facedown 0 This shows that Moses and Aaron were humbling themselves before God. 16:22 npf6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the God of the spirits of all humanity 0 Here “spirits” represents the ability to live. Alternate translation: “the God who gives life to all humanity” 16:22 xz17 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion if one man sins, must you be angry with all the community? 0 Moses and Aaron use this question to plead with God for the people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “please do not be angry with all the community because one man sins” 16:26 adx7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor you will be consumed 0 Being destroyed is spoken of as if they would be eaten. Alternate translation: “you will be destroyed” 16:26 r6nz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor you will be consumed by all their sins 0 Being destroyed because of their sins is spoken of as if the sins would destroy them. Alternate translation: “you will be destroyed because of all their sins” 16:26 t6ka rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive you will be consumed by all their sins 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “all their sins will destroy you” or “Yahweh will destroy you because of all their sins” 16:28 wbf7 By this you will know 0 Here “this” refers to what Moses will say next. 16:30 ntr5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile the earth opens its mouth and swallows them 0 Moses speaks as if the earth were alive and the opening in the ground into which these people would fall were a large mouth that would eat them. Alternate translation: “and they fall into it and are buried underneath the ground” 16:32 f596 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor The earth opened its mouth and swallowed them 0 Moses speaks of the earth as if it were alive, and the hole that the people fell into as if it were the earth’s mouth. Alternate translation: “The earth opened up like a large mouth, and they fell into it and were buried in it” or “There was a giant hole in the ground, and they fell into it and were buried in it” 16:33 ruw6 went down alive into Sheol 0 A similar phrase occurs in [Numbers 16:30](../16/30.md). See how you translated it there. 16:34 ti29 They exclaimed 0 Alternate translation: “They” refers to “All Israel.” 16:34 ap66 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor The earth may swallow us up also 0 The people speak of the earth as if it were alive. Alternate translation: “The earth might open up and we too will fall into it” or “If the earth opens up again, we too will fall into it and be buried” 16:35 hv92 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor fire flashed out from Yahweh and devoured the 250 men 0 Being destroyed by fire is spoken of as if they were eaten by the fire. Alternate translation: “fire flashed out from Yahweh and destroyed the 250 men” 16:35 m6g1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 250 men 0 Alternate translation: “two hundred and fifty men” 16:37 g7hj out of the flames 0 This refers to the flames that burned the 250 men. 16:38 i2t4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy those who lost their lives 0 Losing their lives represents dying. Alternate translation: “those who died” 16:38 bm9v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Let them be made 0 Here “them” refers to the censers. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Let Eleazar make them” 16:38 li47 they are set apart … They will be a sign 0 Here “they” and “They” refer to the censers. 16:39 as46 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive that had been used by the men who were burned up 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that the men whom the fire had burned up had used” 16:42 wnr1 Then it happened 0 This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. 16:42 bu59 had assembled against Moses and Aaron 0 Alternate translation: “had assembled to complain against Moses and Aaron” 16:42 fm5n behold, the cloud 0 Here “behold” shows that the people were surprised by what they saw. Alternate translation: “suddenly, the cloud” 16:45 f8q6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor so that I may consume them 0 God speaks of destroying them as if he would eat them. Alternate translation: “so that I may destroy them” or “and I will destroy them” 16:45 y1ae rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction lay down with their faces to the ground 0 This indicates that Moses and Aaron are humbling themselves before God. 16:46 pv5i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy anger is coming from Yahweh 0 Anger coming from God represents God showing his anger. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is showing us his anger” or “Yahweh is very angry and is acting according to his anger” 16:47 s2fi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy he put in the incense 0 Putting the incense in the censer here represents burning it. Alternate translation: “he burned the incense” 16:48 fgs5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the plague was stopped 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the plague stopped spreading” 16:49 e8gm rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 14,700 in number 0 Alternate translation: “fourteen thousand seven hundred in number” 17:intro b38c 0 # Numbers 17 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Which tribe should be special workers for God?\n\nGod told Moses that each tribe should bring one wooden staff and leave it overnight at the temple. The next day Aaron’s staff representing the tribe of Levi bloomed and produced ripe almond nuts. This showed that the tribe of Levi was still the tribe chosen to be Yahweh’s priests. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]]) 17:2 qi3j rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers twelve 0 Alternate translation: “12” 17:3 xg67 Levi’s staff 0 The name Levi here refers to the tribe of Levi. 17:3 w59t for each leader from his ancestors’ tribe 0 Here “his” refers to “each leader.” 17:4 hr73 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche the covenant decrees 0 The phrase “the covenant decrees” refers to the box that held the tablets that the covenant decrees were written on. Alternate translation: “the ark of the covenant” or “the box that holds the covenant decrees” 17:5 s9fj the staff of the man whom I choose will bud 0 Alternate translation: “buds will start to grow on the staff of the man whom I choose” 17:5 i4pa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns cause the complaints from the people of Israel to stop, which they are speaking against you 0 Here “complaints” is an abstract noun that can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “make the people of Israel stop complaining against you” 17:6 b916 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive selected from each of the ancestral tribes 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom Moses selected from each of the ancestor’s tribes” 17:7 md78 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche the tent of the covenant decrees 0 The phrase “the covenant decrees” refers to the box that held the tablets that the covenant decrees were written on. Alternate translation: “the tent of the covenant box” or “the tent that the covenant decrees are in” 17:8 sb52 behold 0 The word “behold” here shows that something especially important has happened. You might have a similar word in your language. 17:10 nwq2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche the covenant decrees 0 The phrase “the covenant decrees” refers to the box that held the tablets that the covenant decrees were written on. Alternate translation: “the ark of the covenant” or “the box that holds the covenant decrees” 17:10 n4ip rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns so that you may end complaints against me 0 The word “complaints” is an abstract noun that can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “so that you may stop them from complaining against me” 17:10 b4j8 or they will die 0 This is what would happen if the people were to continue complaining. God wanted to prevent this. Alternate translation: “so that they will not die” 17:12 m73b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism We will die here. We will all perish! 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. 18:intro s8q6 0 # Numbers 18 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Tithes and offerings\n\nThe tribes of Israel were required to bring a tithe to the Levites in order to free them to serve Yahweh as priests. There is a detailed description of what belonged to Yahweh in this chapter. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]]) 18:1 u2mx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive all sins committed against the sanctuary 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “all sins that anyone commits against the sanctuary” 18:1 g8xh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive all sins committed by anyone in the priesthood 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “all sins that anyone in the priesthood commits” 18:1 ljg9 anyone in the priesthood 0 Alternate translation: “any priest” 18:3 gri8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you They must serve you 0 Alternate translation: “They” refers to members of the tribe of Levi; the word “you” is singular and refers to Aaron. 18:3 yig6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns or they and also you will die 0 Here “they” refers to any member of the tribe of Levi who comes “near to anything in the sanctuary;” the word “you” is plural and refers to both Aaron and the rest of the Levites who are serving in approved roles. 18:4 b6pc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you They must join you 0 Alternate translation: “They” refers to members of the tribe of Levi; the word “you” is singular and refers to Aaron. 18:4 nn6e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you not come near you 0 Here “you” is plural and refers to both Aaron and the rest of the Levites. 18:5 zaj3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you You must take responsibility 0 Here “you” is plural and refers to both Aaron and the rest of the Levites. 18:5 lc1d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy so that my anger does not come on the people of Israel again 0 This could mean: (1) this represents God being extremely angry with his people. Alternate translation: “so that I do not become very angry with the people of Israel again” or (2) this represents God punishing them because of his anger. Alternate translation: “so that I do not punish the people of Israel again” 18:6 y9nk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor They are a gift to you 0 Yahweh appointing the Levites to help Aaron is spoken of as if they were a gift that Yahweh were giving to Aaron. Alternate translation: “They are like a gift to you” 18:6 h66d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy נְתֻנִים֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה 1 Here, **given to Yahweh** represents being set apart to serve God. Alternate translation: “who have been set apart to serve me” 18:6 kxwa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive נְתֻנִים֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which I have set apart for myself” or “and I have set them apart for myself” 18:7 eda8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you only you and your sons 0 Here “you” and “your” are singular and refer to Aaron. Other occurrences of “you” and “your” are plural and refer to Aaron and his sons. 18:7 vju4 exercise the priesthood 0 Alternate translation: “do the work of priests” 18:7 j8mn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy everything inside the curtain 0 Being inside the curtain represents being inside the room behind the curtain. Alternate translation: “everything in the room behind the curtain” 18:7 w3i9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Any foreigner who approaches must be put to death 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Any foreigner who approaches must die” or “You must put to death any foreigner who approaches” 18:7 ctt4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit who approaches 0 What they should not approach can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “who approaches the sacred things” 18:8 jdj3 I have given these offerings to you 0 God speaks as if he had already done this because it is a decision that he had already made. Alternate translation: “I give these offerings to you” 18:8 x3sq as your ongoing share 0 A share is a portion of something that someone receives. Alternate translation: “as the portion that you will continually receive” 18:9 c2dd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive kept from the fire 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that you do not completely burn on the altar” 18:12 d7gf the firstfruits 0 This refers to the first of the best oil, wine, and grain that they harvest. 18:13 urx1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Everyone who is clean in your family 0 Being acceptable to God is spoken of as if they were clean. Alternate translation: “Everyone in your family who is acceptable to me” 18:15 ym9k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism Everything that opens the womb, all the firstborn 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “Every firstborn male” 18:15 axb3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom Everything that opens the womb 0 The idiom “opens the womb” means to be the first male that a mother gives birth to. 18:15 a5y8 the people must certainly buy back every firstborn son 0 Instead of sacrificing their firstborn sons, people had to pay the priests for their sons. 18:16 w52g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Those that are to be bought back by the people must be bought back after becoming one month old 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The people must buy them back when they become one month old” 18:16 vr57 Those that are to be bought back 0 Most likely this refers only to firstborn humans that must be bought back and not to firstborn unclean animals. 18:16 xet4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight five shekels … which equals twenty gerahs 0 If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. Alternate translation: “five pieces of silver … each of which equals ten grams” or “fifty grams of silver, using the standard weights that are used in the sanctuary” 18:16 t62u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit five shekels 0 A shekel is a unit of weight. What was weighed can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “five shekels of silver” 18:16 r9ci rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight sanctuary shekel 0 There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. It weighed twenty gerahs, which was about 11 grams. 18:17 s5mf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit You must sprinkle their blood 0 That he must kill the animals first can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “You must kill them and sprinkle their blood” 18:17 rqa6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive made by fire 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that you make by fire” or “that you burn with fire on the altar” 18:17 dth7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor an aroma pleasing to Yahweh 0 The Lord’s pleasure with the aroma represents his pleasure with the person who burns the offering. Alternate translation: “and Yahweh will be pleased with you” 18:18 maz6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the raised breast and the right thigh 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the breast and the right thigh that you lift up as a gift to me” 18:19 a4zb I have given to you 0 God speaks as if he had already done this because it is a decision that he had already made. Alternate translation: “I give to you” 18:19 he1c as a continual share 0 A share is a portion of something that someone receives. Alternate translation: “as the portion that you will continually receive” 18:19 a21e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism an everlasting covenant of salt … a binding covenant forever 0 The two phrases refer to the same thing. Together they emphasize that the covenant will endure forever. Alternate translation: “an agreement forever” 18:19 y9je rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction an everlasting covenant of salt 0 Salt represented permanence and was used in offerings and covenant meals. Alternate translation: “a permanent covenant” or “an everlasting covenant” 18:20 hmh1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor You will have no inheritance in the people’s land 0 God speaks of the land that the other people will possess as if they will inherit it. Alternate translation: “You will not possess any of the people’s land” or “You will not receive any of the land that the Israelites will possess” 18:20 l9jb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I am your share and inheritance 0 God speaks of the great honor that Aaron and his descendants will have by serving him as priests as if God were something that they will inherit. Alternate translation: “Instead, I am what you will have” or “Instead, I will allow you to serve me and I will provide for you through that service” 18:21 b9ib look, I have given 0 The word “look” here adds emphasis to what follows. Alternate translation: “indeed, I have given” 18:21 c1zk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor as their inheritance 0 God speaks of what Aaron and his descendants will receive as if they will inherit it. Alternate translation: “as their portion of what I give to all Israel” 18:23 g23k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Among the people of Israel they must have no inheritance 0 God speaks of the land that the other people of Israel will possess as if they will inherit it. The Levites would not receive any of the land. Alternate translation: “they must not have any of the land that the other people of Israel receive” 18:24 wik9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor as their inheritance 0 God speaks of what Aaron and his descendants will receive as if they will inherit it. Alternate translation: “as their portion of what I give to all Israel” 18:26 j6qu When you receive from the people of Israel the tenth that I have given to you from them 0 The people of Israel would offer Yahweh a tenth of their crops and animals, and Yahweh would give that to the Levites. 18:26 wkn9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor for your inheritance 0 God speaks of what Aaron and his descendants will receive as if they will inherit it. Alternate translation: “as your portion of what I give to all Israel” 18:27 cx1b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Your contribution must be considered by you 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must consider your contribution” 18:28 k8mw you must give his contribution to Aaron the priest 0 Here “his” refers to Yahweh. It was Yahweh’s contribution in the sense that they had to give it to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “you must give Aaron the priest the contribution that you owe Yahweh” 18:29 g53l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive that have been given to you 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that the people of Israel give to you” 18:30 l7ak the best of it 0 Alternate translation: “the best of what you have received from the people of Israel” 18:31 g3lw the rest of your gifts 0 The “gifts” are the offerings that the Israelites give to God and that the Levites receive from them. 18:32 v4s3 You will not incur any guilt by eating and drinking it 0 Alternate translation: “You will not be guilty when you eat and drink it” 19:intro rnm7 0 # Numbers 19 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Ritually clean\n\nThis chapter talks about being clean. Some of these rituals were required to make a priest clean in order to set them apart to serve Yahweh. Other rituals were required because they prevented people from getting sick. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]]) 19:2 vs5r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet a statute, a law 0 These two words share similar meanings. Alternate translation: “a statute of the law” or “a legal statute” 19:2 u2gx bring to you 0 Here “you” is singular and refers to Moses. 19:2 x8cy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet flaw or blemish 0 These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that this animal is to have no imperfections. 19:5 rtx6 in his sight 0 Alternate translation: “in his view” or “so he could see it” 19:6 vjb7 priest must take cedarwood 0 Alternate translation: “The priest” refers to Eleazar. 19:6 q8lh scarlet wool 0 Alternate translation: “red wool” 19:7 zpt1 Then he must wash his clothes 0 Here “he” refers to Eleazar the priest. 19:7 kc6d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor he will remain unclean 0 Being unacceptable to God or unfit to do any sacred work is spoken of as not being clean. 19:9 a8bf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Someone who is clean 0 Being acceptable to God and fit to do sacred work is spoken of as being clean. 19:9 nn8t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive These ashes must be kept 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must keep these ashes” 19:9 wn85 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor in a clean place 0 Being acceptable to God is spoken of as being clean. 19:10 t9bq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor He will remain unclean 0 Being unacceptable to God or unfit to do any sacred work is spoken of as not being clean. 19:11 k7e9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 # General Information:\n\nThe ideas of “clean” and “purify” represent being acceptable to God. The ideas of “unclean,” “defile,” “impurity,” and “uncleanness” represent not being acceptable to God. 19:11 n7ev the dead body of any man 0 Alternate translation: “the dead body of any person” 19:12 d2fz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy purify himself 0 The person would ask someone who is clean to purify him by sprinkling on him some water mixed with the cows ashes. Asking someone to purify him is spoken of as if he were to purify himself. Alternate translation: “ask someone to purify him” 19:12 jjk6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives if he does not purify himself the third day, then he will not be clean on the seventh day 0 This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “he will be clean on the seventh day only if he purifies himself the third day” 19:13 fvi7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 Here the phrase **be cut off** means to be disowned and sent away. See how you translated this in [Numbers 9:13](../09/13.md). Alternate translation: “And that person must be sent away” or “And you must send that person away” 19:13 f6bq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the water for impurity was not sprinkled on him 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “no one sprinkled the water for impurity on him” 19:13 t2p6 the water for impurity 0 Alternate translation: “the water that is sprinkled on impure things to make them pure” or “the water for making things pure” 19:13 i3uy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism He will remain unclean; his uncleanness will remain on him 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. 19:14 n5mx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 # General Information:\n\nThe idea of “unclean” represents not being acceptable to God or fit for use. 19:15 aj43 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives Every open container with no cover becomes unclean 0 This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “Open containers will remain clean only if they have covers” 19:16 kwe8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive someone who has been killed with a sword 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone whom someone else has killed with a sword” 19:17 j1j3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 # General Information:\n\nThe idea of “unclean” represents not being acceptable to God or fit for use. 19:17 j1j4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 # General Information:\n\nThe ideas of “clean” and “purify” here represent being acceptable to God. 19:20 d5l6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 # General Information:\n\nThe ideas of “clean” and “purify” represent being acceptable to God and making something acceptable to God. The ideas of “unclean,” “defile,” and “impurity,” represent not being acceptable to God, making something unacceptable to God, and the state of being unacceptable to God. 19:20 mz5q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא 1 Here the phrase **be cut off** means to be disowned and sent away. See how you translated this in [Numbers 9:13](../09/13.md). Alternate translation: “that person must be sent away” or “you must send that person away” 19:20 u7dz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive The water for impurity has not been sprinkled on him 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “No one has sprinkled the water for impurity on him” 19:21 bs1a the water for impurity 0 See how you translated this in [Numbers 19:13](../19/13.md). Alternate translation: “the water that is sprinkled on impure things to make them pure” or “the water for making things pure” 20:intro uzx8 0 # Numbers 20 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Moses’ sin\n\nGod told Moses to command water to come out of a rock for the people who were complaining that they had no water. Moses became angry with the people and hit the rock twice. God told him that he and Aaron would not be allowed to go into Canaan because he disobeyed by hitting the rock instead of just speaking to it. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### “It would have been better if we had died when our fellow Israelites died in front of Yahweh”\nIt is possible that this statement should be taken as hyperbole, but it does not have to be taken this way. The translator should probably avoid treating this as hyperbole. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### Wilderness of Sin\n\nSin is the name of a place in this chapter. It is not a place that is known for its sin. The name is not related to the meaning of the word “sin.” (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) 20:1 wu8m rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate the wilderness of Zin 0 The word “Zin” here is the Hebrew name of the wilderness. 20:1 ht9k rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths the first month 0 This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. It marks when God rescued the Israelites from the Egyptians. The first month is during the last part of March and the first part of April on the Western calendar. 20:1 r66w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive was buried 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they buried her” 20:2 k64b they assembled 0 Here “they” refers to the community. 20:2 vim2 assembled together 0 Alternate translation: “came as a mob” 20:3 h9bg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy in front of Yahweh 0 This represents being in front of Yahweh’s tent. 20:4 g1xu Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nThe people of Israel continue to complain to Moses and Aaron. 20:4 l38d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why have you brought Yahweh’s community into this wilderness to die here, we and our animals? 0 The people use this question in order to complain against Moses and Aaron. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have brought Yahweh’s community into this wilderness to die here, we and our animals.” 20:5 ax68 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why did you make us come up out of Egypt to bring us to this horrible place? 0 The people use this question in order to complain against Moses and Aaron. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have made us leave Egypt to bring us to this horrible place.” 20:6 lpk3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction lay facedown 0 This indicates that Moses and Aaron are humbling themselves before God. 20:8 af3m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche before their eyes 0 Here the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: “while they watch you” 20:9 esu4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy from before Yahweh 0 This represents Yahweh’s tent. Alternate translation: “from Yahweh’s tent” 20:10 gz5h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Must we bring water out of this rock for you? 0 Moses asks this question out of frustration to rebuke the people for complaining. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You complain that there is no water. Well, we will make water come out of this rock.” or “You would not be happy even if we caused water to come out of this rock. But I will do it anyway.” 20:10 qa1u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive Must we bring 0 Here “we” refers to Moses and Aaron and may include Yahweh, but does not include the people. 20:12 m97g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit Because you did not trust me or honor me as holy in the eyes of the people of Israel 0 How Moses showed that he did not trust and honor God can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Because you did not trust me or honor me as holy in the eyes of the people of Israel, but struck the rock instead of speaking to it as I told you” 20:12 gt79 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche in the eyes of the people of Israel 0 Here the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: “while the people of Israel were watching you” 20:13 cxd4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive This place was called 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “People called this place” 20:14 tx1m Your brother Israel 0 Moses uses this phrase to emphasize that the Israelites and the Edomites are related because their ancestors, Jacob and Esau, were brothers. 20:16 ib9h When we called out to Yahweh 0 Alternate translation: “When we prayed to Yahweh begging him to help us” 20:16 t86p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy he heard our voice 0 Here “voice” represents their crying or what they said to him. Alternate translation: “he heard our cry” or “he heard what we asked for” 20:16 kh3u Look 0 The word “look” here shows that they have stopped speaking about the past and are now speaking about their present situation. 20:17 p7ra Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nThe messengers continue speaking to the king of Edom. 20:17 udz8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy We will not turn aside to the right hand or to the left 0 Here “turn aside” represents leaving the road. Alternate translation: “We will not leave the road in any direction” 20:17 mcu3 the king’s highway 0 This is the main road that connects Damascus in the north to the Gulf of Aqabah in the south. 20:18 dk9l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you לֹ֥א תַעֲבֹ֖ר בִּ֑י פֶּן־ בַּחֶ֖רֶב אֵצֵ֥א לִקְרָאתֶֽךָ 1 Here, **You** and **you** are singular and refer to Moses. 20:18 g6q4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לֹ֥א תַעֲבֹ֖ר בִּ֑י פֶּן־ בַּחֶ֖רֶב אֵצֵ֥א לִקְרָאתֶֽךָ 1 Here Moses represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Your people may not pass through me, or i will go out to meet them with the sword” 20:18 cw7v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I will come with the sword 0 Here the sword represents the king’s army. Alternate translation: “I will send my army” 20:19 y3fv the people of Israel 0 This phrase refers to the Israelite messengers. 20:19 fp34 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom walk through on foot 0 This idiom means that they would simply travel through the area by walking. They would not come in chariots to attack the people of Edom. 20:20 mia5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the king of Edom came against Israel with a strong hand with many soldiers 0 Here the hand represents the king’s powerful army. Alternate translation: “the king of Edom sent a strong army of many soldiers to attack Israel” 20:21 l8p8 cross over their border 0 Here “their” refers to the Edomites. 20:22 l1w6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet The people of Israel, the whole community 0 The phrase “the whole community” emphasizes that every person who was a part of “the people of Israel” was present, without exception. 20:24 eh14 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism Aaron must be gathered to his people 0 This is a gentle way to say that Aaron must die. It means that it is time for Aaron to die and for his spirit to go to the place where his ancestors are. Alternate translation: “Aaron must die” 20:24 z598 rebelled against my word 0 Alternate translation: “refused to do what I said” 20:26 af1h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism יֵאָסֵ֖ף וּמֵ֥ת שָֽׁם 1 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. They mean that it is time for Aaron to die and for his spirit to go to the place where his ancestors are. 20:26 yzob rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism יֵאָסֵ֖ף 1 The phrase **shall be gathered** means that it is time for Aaron’s spirit to go to the place where his ancestors are. This is a polite way of speaking about his death. 20:29 lcr9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers thirty days 0 Alternate translation: “30 days” 21:intro vi2c 0 # Numbers 21 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 21:14–15, 17–18, 27–30.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Ungrateful\n\nThe Israelites said, “Why have you brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness? There is no bread, no water, and we hate this miserable food.” After all Yahweh had done, they were very ungrateful. This showed their lack of faith and trust in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) 21:1 nsa6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy he fought against Israel 0 Here “he fought” means that his army fought. Alternate translation: “his army fought against Israel” 21:2 x3np rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Israel vowed 0 This refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “The people of Israel vowed” or “The Israelites made a vow” 21:3 j1ix rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy listened to Israel’s voice 0 Here “listen” means that Yahweh did as they asked. Alternate translation: “did what Israel asked” 21:3 y7v3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Israel’s voice 0 Here “voice” is a metonym that refers to their request. Alternate translation: “what Israel asked” 21:3 chr3 They completely destroyed them and their cities 0 Alternate translation: “The people of Israel completely destroyed the Canaanite army and their cities” 21:3 gde5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive That place was called Hormah 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “They called that place Hormah” 21:5 n6kt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why have you brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness? 0 The people used this question in order to rebuke Moses. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not made us leave Egypt to die in the wilderness!” 21:7 k7km we have spoken against Yahweh and you 0 Alternate translation: “we have said bad things about Yahweh and you” 21:7 chg1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive we have spoken … from us 0 The words “we” and “us” here refer to the people but not to Moses. 21:8 s82p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit Make a snake 0 Since it is impossible for Moses to make a real snake, it is implied that he was to make a model of a snake. This implied information can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Make a model of a snake” 21:8 sw8h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive everyone who is bitten 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “everyone whom a snake bites” 21:9 um5c a bronze snake 0 Alternate translation: “a snake out of bronze” 21:9 nu8p if he looked at the bronze snake, he survived 0 Here “he” refers to “any person” who was bitten by a snake. 21:11 c38s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom that faces Moab 0 Here “faces” is an idiom that means “is across from” or “is next to.” Alternate translation: “that is next to Moab” 21:13 pc3l forms the border of Moab, between Moab and the Amorites 0 This means that the two peoples lived on different sides of the river, which was a boundary between them. The Moabite people lived south of the river and the Amorites lived on the north. 21:14 r97m rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Waheb in Suphah 0 These are both names of places. 21:15 i244 the slope of the valleys that lead toward the town of Ar and lie along the border of Moab 0 Alternate translation: “the valleys that go downhill to the town of Ar and lie along the border of Moab” 21:16 s994 to Beer, the well 0 This can be stated as two sentences. Alternate translation: “to Beer. There was a well there” 21:16 hnm3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations where Yahweh said to Moses, “Gather the people together for me to give them water.” 0 This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “where Yahweh told Moses to gather the people together for him to give them water” 21:17 g2jm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עֲלִ֥י בְאֵ֖ר 1 Here, **well** represents the water in the well. Alternate translation: “Water, fill up the well” 21:17 lb1s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification עֲלִ֥י בְאֵ֖ר 1 The Israelites are speaking to the water in the well as if it were a person who could hear them, and they are asking for it to fill the well. 21:18 ms4y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism the well that our leaders dug, the well the nobles of the people dug 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the role of the leaders in digging the well. 21:18 mvp6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit with the scepter and their staffs 0 A scepter was carried by those with authority, and the staff was carried by everyone. Neither of these are digging tools. These two items emphasize that they were not too proud to use any means available. Alternate translation: “using even their scepter and staffs” 21:19 lgf8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Nahaliel … Bamoth 0 These are the names of places. 21:20 uv3q rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Mount Pisgah 0 This is the name of a mountain. 21:20 s19q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְנִשְׁקָ֖פָה עַל־ פְּנֵ֥י הַיְשִׁימֹֽן 1 Here, **looking down** is an idiom. It is a way of saying that the mountain is high. Alternate translation: “and rises above the wilderness” 21:20 exou rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְנִשְׁקָ֖פָה עַל־ פְּנֵ֥י הַיְשִׁימֹֽן 1 This speaks of the mountain as if it were a person who looks down to see the wilderness below him. 21:21 mqq6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Then Israel 0 Here “Israel” refers to the people of Israel, and especially to their leaders. Alternate translation: “Then the Israelites” 21:22 en73 We will not turn into any field or vineyard 0 Alternate translation: “We will not go into any of your fields or vineyards” 21:22 rgg6 the king’s highway 0 This is the main road that connects Damascus in the north to the Gulf of Aqabah in the south. See how you translated this in [Numbers 20:17](../20/17.md). 21:23 k1p3 to pass through their border 0 Here “their” refers to the Amorites. Alternate translation: “to cross over their border” 21:23 hx3p rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Jahaz 0 This is the name of a place. 21:23 g1x8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche he fought against Israel 0 Here “he” refers to King Sihon who represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “they fought against the Israelites” 21:24 e3nm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Israel attacked 0 Here “Israel” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “The Israelites attacked” 21:24 c7k2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy with the edge of the sword 0 The “edge of the sword” is associated with death and complete destruction. Alternate translation: “and completely defeated them” 21:24 ph3k took their land 0 Here the word “their” refers to the Amorites. Alternate translation: “conquered the land of the Amorites” 21:24 n2gs was fortified 0 The Israelites did not attack the Ammonites. Alternate translation: “was strongly defended” 21:25 c7tz Heshbon and all of its villages 0 Here “its” is possessive to show that a relationship existed between the city of Heshbon and these nearby villages. Alternate translation: “Heshbon and the nearby villages that it controlled” 21:26 v9rj Sihon had taken all his land 0 Here “his” refers to the king of Moab. 21:27 bf5s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism Heshbon … city of Sihon 0 These are two names that refer to the same city. 21:27 pw7i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Let the city of Sihon be rebuilt and established again 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Let someone rebuild and establish again the city of Sihon” 21:27 a4ni rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet rebuilt and established 0 These two terms are very similar and emphasize that the city will be fully rebuilt. Alternate translation: “completely rebuilt” 21:28 hxh1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism כִּי־ אֵשׁ֙ יָֽצְאָ֣ה מֵֽחֶשְׁבּ֔וֹן לֶהָבָ֖ה מִקִּרְיַ֣ת סִיחֹ֑ן 1 These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that destruction will begin at Heshbon. 21:28 qha8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor כִּי־ אֵשׁ֙ יָֽצְאָ֣ה מֵֽחֶשְׁבּ֔וֹן לֶהָבָ֖ה מִקִּרְיַ֣ת סִיחֹ֑ן 1 Here the destroying army is spoken of as if it were a fire. Alternate translation: “King Sihon led a strong army from the city of Heshbon” 21:28 di4e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor devoured Ar of Moab 0 The army of Sihon is spoken of as if it was an animal that ate up the city of Ar. Alternate translation: “destroyed the town of Ar in the land of Moab” 21:29 cu3d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism Moab … people of Chemosh 0 These two phrases refer to the same people. 21:29 r97r people of Chemosh 0 Alternate translation: “Chemosh” was the name of the false god whom the Moabites worshiped. Alternate translation: “the people who worship Chemosh” 21:29 n57w He has made his sons 0 Alternate translation: “He” and “his” refer to Chemosh. 21:30 k6au we have conquered 0 Here “we” refers to the Israelites who defeated Sihon. 21:30 aiy9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Heshbon is devastated 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “We have devastated Heshbon” 21:30 x525 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אָבַ֥ד חֶשְׁבּ֖וֹן עַד־ דִּיב֑וֹן & עַד־ נֹ֔פַח אֲשֶׁ֖רׄ עַד־ מֵֽידְבָֽא 1 **Heshbon**, **Dibon**, **Nophah**, and **Medeba** are all places in Sihon’s kingdom. 21:30 lwy9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism אָבַ֥ד חֶשְׁבּ֖וֹן עַד־ דִּיב֑וֹן & עַד־ נֹ֔פַח אֲשֶׁ֖רׄ עַד־ מֵֽידְבָֽא 1 These places connected by **as far as** means the Israelites destroyed these places and everywhere in between—Sihon’s entire nation. 21:32 f8n9 drove out 0 Alternate translation: “chased away” 21:33 jc4b went out against them 0 Alternate translation: “attacked them” 21:34 wk2t Do to him as you did to Sihon king of the Amorites 0 The Israelites had completely destroyed Sihon. Alternate translation: “Destroy him like you destroyed Sihon king of the Amorites” 21:35 mdc5 So they killed him 0 Alternate translation: “So the army of Israel killed Og” 21:35 b31n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive none of his people were left alive 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “all of his people were dead” 21:35 w1f2 they took over his land 0 Alternate translation: “they took control of his land” 22:intro hxi6 0 # Numbers 22 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe chapter begins a section on Balaam. The king of Moab wanted the prophet Balaam to come and curse Israel. God told him not to go but he wanted to go; so God told him to say only what God wanted him to say. Yahweh was able to use Balaam, even though he was not a prophet of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]) 22:1 vt4u on the other side of the Jordan River from the city 0 The Israelites were camped on the east side of the Jordan River. Jericho was on the west side of the river. 22:2 a4k1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Balak son of Zippor 0 Balak was king of Moab. 22:2 hqt3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Zippor 0 Zippor is the father of Balak. 22:3 hl8m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism Moab was very afraid of the people … Moab was in terror of the people of Israel 0 These two phrases mean the same thing, and emphasize how afraid Moab was. 22:3 ht2r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Moab was very afraid 0 Here “Moab” refers to the people of Moab. Alternate translation: “All of the Moabites were very afraid” 22:3 h36e because they were many 0 Alternate translation: “because there were many of them” 22:4 vv9z The king of Moab said to the elders of Midian 0 The Moabites and the Midianites were two different groups of people, but the Midianites were living in the land of Moab at that time. 22:4 dg4t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile This multitude will eat up all that is around us as an ox eats up the grass in a field 0 The way the Israelites will destroy their enemies is spoken of as if they were an ox eating up the grass in a field. 22:4 t57u rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background Now Balak son of Zippor was king of Moab at that time 0 This changes from the main story to background information about Balak. 22:5 gr45 He sent messengers 0 Alternate translation: “Balak sent messengers” 22:5 wr6v rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Beor 0 This is the name of Balaam’s father. 22:5 z33v rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Pethor 0 This is the name of a city. 22:5 s4sb of his nation and his people 0 Alternate translation: “of Balaam’s nation and people” 22:5 fr82 He called him 0 Balak did not speak to Balaam directly, but did so through the messengers he sent. Alternate translation: “Balak called Balaam” 22:5 vlg5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole They cover the face of the earth 0 This is an exaggeration to emphasize how many of them there were. Alternate translation: “They are extremely numerous” 22:5 h1t4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom the face of the earth 0 This refers to the surface of the earth. 22:6 fdd6 drive them 0 Alternate translation: “chase them” 22:6 cb7x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive I know that whomever you bless will be blessed, and whomever you curse will be cursed 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I know you have the power to bless or to curse people” 22:7 f3re rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns payment for divination 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **divination**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “money to pay Balaam to curse Israel” 22:7 gjm1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go They came to Balaam 0 You may prefer to say “They went to Balaam” 22:7 ipu7 spoke to him Balak’s words 0 Alternate translation: “told him the message from Balak” 22:7 xtx6 Balak 0 This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md). 22:8 m7kq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I will bring you 0 Balaam’s report is spoken of as if it were something that he would carry to the messengers. Alternate translation: “I will tell you” 22:9 nfd7 God came to Balaam 0 Alternate translation: “God appeared to Balaam” 22:9 jt4t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Who are these men who came to you? 0 Yahweh uses a question to introduce a new topic of conversation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Tell me about these men who came to you.” 22:10 lm86 Balak … Zippor 0 These are the names of men. See how you translated these in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md). 22:11 xa8q Look … drive them out 0 Balaam restates the message that Balak sent to him. See how you translated these phrases in [Numbers 22:5–6](./05.md). 22:11 vu2r drive them out 0 Alternate translation: “chase them away” 22:12 wbu5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive because they have been blessed 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “because I have blessed them” 22:13 h8t7 Balak 0 This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md). 22:15 xg9z Balak 0 This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md). 22:16 drr7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go They came to Balaam 0 You may prefer to say “They went to Balaam” 22:17 bm1v this people 0 The singular noun refers to the Israelites as a group. Alternate translation: “this group of people” 22:18 q97p Balak 0 This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md). 22:18 x1c1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo Even if Balak would give me his palace full of silver and gold 0 Balaam is describing something that would never happen. He is emphasizing that there is nothing that could make him disobey Yahweh. 22:18 j6cl I cannot go beyond the word of Yahweh … and do less or more than what he tells me 0 This means Balaam cannot disobey Yahweh in any way. 22:21 z7il saddled his donkey 0 A saddle is a seat put on the back of an animal in order to ride it. 22:22 sb7d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וַיִּֽחַר־ אַ֣ף אֱלֹהִים֮ 1 This is an idiom that speaks of the increase in God’s anger as if his **nose** was starting to burn. Alternate translation: “And God became very angry” 22:22 n3m5 as someone hostile to Balaam 0 Alternate translation: “as an enemy to Balaam” or “in order to stop Balaam” 22:23 gu3v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit with his drawn sword 0 A sword is drawn from its sheath in order to be ready to use. Alternate translation: “with his sword ready to attack” 22:23 ben2 The donkey turned off the road and went into a field 0 The donkey did this to avoid the angel of Yahweh. 22:23 r3sy to turn her back 0 Sometimes animals are referred to as “her” or “she.” Alternate translation: “to turn it back” 22:25 wf2x She went against the wall 0 This was an attempt to escape from the angel of Yahweh in the road. 22:25 uhb9 She went 0 Sometimes animals are referred to as “her” or “she.” Alternate translation: “It went” 22:25 w91q pinned Balaam’s foot against it 0 Alternate translation: “pushed Balaam’s foot against it” or “hurt Balaam’s foot against it” 22:27 jh49 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וַיִּֽחַר־ אַ֣ף בִּלְעָ֔ם 1 This is an idiom that speaks of the increase in Balaam’s anger as if his **nose** was starting to burn. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 22:22](../22/22.md). Alternate translation: “And Balaam became very angry” 22:28 imi3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Then Yahweh opened the donkey’s mouth so she could talk 0 Opening the mouth is associated with the ability to speak. Alternate translation: “Then Yahweh gave the donkey the ability to speak like a human would speak” 22:28 b84t She said to Balaam 0 Alternate translation: “The donkey said to Balaam” 22:30 hb6v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Am not I your donkey on which you have ridden all your life long to this present day? 0 This rhetorical question was used to convict Balaam that his judgment of the donkey was unfair. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am your donkey on which you have ridden all your life, right up to the present moment.” 22:30 f959 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Have I ever been in the habit of doing such things to you before? 0 This rhetorical question was used to further convict Balaam that his judgment of the donkey was unfair. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I have never been in the habit of doing such things to you!” 22:31 d2lh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Then Yahweh opened Balaam’s eyes, and he saw the angel of Yahweh 0 To “open one’s eyes” is associated with being able to see. Alternate translation: “Then Yahweh gave Balaam the ability to see the angel of Yahweh” 22:31 vwl7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit with his drawn sword 0 A sword is drawn from its sheath in order to be ready to use. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:23](../22/23.md). Alternate translation: “with his sword ready to attack” 22:31 xi4r rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction Balaam lowered his head and lay facedown 0 This indicates that Balaam is humbling himself before the angel. 22:32 mb9v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why have you struck your donkey these three times? 0 This rhetorical question is used to accuse Balaam of doing wrong. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have struck your donkey these three times.” 22:32 bfy4 as someone hostile to you 0 Alternate translation: “as an enemy to you” or “to oppose you” 22:33 nqy4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo If she had not turned … killed you and spared her life 0 This hypothetical statement indicated what could have happened, but it did not because the donkey’s actions saved Balaam. 22:34 hxf8 So now, if it is displeasing to you 0 Alternate translation: “So if you do not want me to continue going” 22:35 ihv5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative תְדַבֵּ֑ר 1 Here, **shall** indicates a command. See the discussion of **shall** in the [book introduction](../front/intro.md). 22:35 dyl3 with the leaders of Balak 0 See how you translated “Balak” in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md). Alternate translation: “with the leaders whom Balak had sent” 22:36 c4ji Arnon 0 This is the name of a river. See how you translated it in [Numbers 21:13](../21/13.md). 22:37 kjv9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Did I not send men to you to summon you? 0 This rhetorical question is used to rebuke Balaam for delaying to come. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Surely I sent men to summon you.” 22:37 f7wv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why did you not come to me? 0 This rhetorical question is used to rebuke Balaam for delaying to come. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should have come to me!” 22:37 pk2i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Am I not able to honor you? 0 This rhetorical question is used to rebuke Balaam for delaying to come. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Surely you know that I am able to pay you money for coming to me.” 22:38 y1j1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Do I now have any power to say anything? 0 Balaam uses this rhetorical question to tell Balak that he will not be able to do everything that Balak asks him to do. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “But I have no power to say anything I want” 22:38 re6i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor the words that God puts into my mouth 0 The message is spoken of as if it is something that God put into his mouth. Alternate translation: “the message that God wants me to say” 22:39 lt48 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Kiriath Huzoth 0 This is the name of a town. 22:40 e9l3 some meat 0 Alternate translation: “some of the meat from the sacrifices” 22:41 sx5n the high place of Baal 0 This could mean: (1) this refers to the same place as Bamoth in [Numbers 21:19](../21/19.md). The word Bamoth means “the high place,” or (2) this is another high place where people sacrificed to Baal. 23:intro kt51 0 # Numbers 23 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe story of Balaam continues in this chapter.\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 23:7–10, 18–24.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Cursing God’s people\n\nGod does not allow others to curse his people. Balaam blessed Israel twice when he was supposed to curse them. This may be taken as humor or an ironic situation. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) 23:1 js8j Balak 0 This is the king of Moab. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md). 23:1 yr7z prepare seven bulls and seven rams 0 Alternate translation: “kill seven bulls and seven rams as a sacrifice” 23:3 s7kv Stand at your burnt offering and I will go 0 Alternate translation: “Stay here with your burnt offering and I will go a distance away” 23:4 yji9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit I have offered up a bull and a ram 0 It has already been stated that he killed these animals as a burnt offering. Alternate translation: “I have killed a bull and a ram and burnt them as an offering” 23:5 nny6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Yahweh put a message in Balaam’s mouth 0 Here Yahweh giving Balaam a message to speak is spoken of as if Yahweh placed it in his mouth. Alternate translation: “Yahweh told Balaam what he wanted him to say to Balak” 23:7 wtg1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism Balak has brought me from Aram … the king of Moab from the eastern mountains 0 These phrases mean the same thing. 23:7 nuw3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism ‘Come, curse Jacob for me,’ & ‘Come, defy Israel.’ 0 Both of these statements mean the same thing. They emphasize that Balak wants Balaam to curse the people of Israel. 23:8 w1jk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion How can I curse those whom God has not cursed? How can I oppose those whom Yahweh does not oppose? 0 These rhetorical questions emphasize Balaam’s refusal to disobey God. They can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “But I cannot curse those whom God has not cursed. I cannot fight against those whom Yahweh does not fight!” 23:9 hq42 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism from the top of the rocks I see him … from the hills I look at him 0 These two phrases mean the same thing. Balaam viewed Israel from the top of a hill. 23:9 a551 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I see him … I look at him 0 Here “him” is a metonym that refers to the people of Israel. 23:9 mm7u there is a people 0 Alternate translation: “there is a group of people” 23:9 ni8f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes do not consider themselves as just an ordinary nation 0 This negative statement is used to stress that the opposite is true. Alternate translation: “they consider themselves to be a special nation” 23:10 hr4v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִ֤י מָנָה֙ עֲפַ֣ר יַעֲקֹ֔ב וּמִסְפָּ֖ר אֶת־ רֹ֣בַע יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 Here **dust of Jacob** is a metaphor that speaks of the number of Israelites as if they were as numerous as the specks of dust. 23:10 x7sy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מִ֤י מָנָה֙ עֲפַ֣ר יַעֲקֹ֔ב וּמִסְפָּ֖ר אֶת־ רֹ֣בַע יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “There are too many Israelites to count. No one could count even a fourth of them because there are so many.” 23:10 uxp9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the death of a righteous person 0 It is understood that this will be a peaceful death. This can be stated. Alternate translation: “the peaceful death of a righteous person” 23:10 am5i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy a righteous person … like his 0 These are metonymies that refer to the people of Israel as a single person. 23:11 x2xr Balak 0 This is the king of Moab. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md). 23:11 typ8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion What have you done to me? 0 Balak uses this question to scold Balaam. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I cannot believe you did this to me!” 23:11 e1a2 but look 0 This emphasizes the shocking action that follows. 23:12 xe42 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Should I not be careful to say only what Yahweh puts in my mouth? 0 Balaam uses this rhetorical question to defend his actions. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I must be very careful to say only what Yahweh tells me to say.” 23:12 yvq8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor to say only what Yahweh puts in my mouth 0 The message is spoken of as if it is something that God put into his mouth. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 22:38](../22/38.md). Alternate translation: “to say only what Yahweh wants me to say” 23:13 x381 There you will curse them for me 0 Alternate translation: “There you will curse the Israelites for me” 23:14 a29b rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names field of Zophim 0 Translators may add a footnote that says: “The word ‘Zophim’ means ‘to watch’ or ‘to spy.’” 23:14 zz2b rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Mount Pisgah 0 This is the name of a mountain. See how you translated this in [Numbers 21:20](../21/20.md). 23:16 fc1n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor put a message in his mouth 0 The message is spoken of as if it is something that God put into his mouth. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 22:38](../22/38.md). Alternate translation: “told him what to say” 23:16 yn5x He said 0 Alternate translation: “Then Yahweh said” 23:18 kka5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism Balak, and hear … Listen to me, you son of Zippor 0 These two phrases mean the same thing and are repeated to emphasize how important it was for Balak to pay attention. 23:18 d6y8 Balak … son of Zippor 0 See how you translated these names in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md). 23:19 q4wm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism הַה֤וּא אָמַר֙ וְלֹ֣א יַעֲשֶׂ֔ה וְדִבֶּ֖ר וְלֹ֥א יְקִימֶֽנָּה 1 Both of these clauses mean the same thing and emphasize that God does what he says he will. 23:19 cqsi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הַה֤וּא אָמַר֙ וְלֹ֣א יַעֲשֶׂ֔ה וְדִבֶּ֖ר וְלֹ֥א יְקִימֶֽנָּה 1 These rhetorical questions can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “He has never promised a thing without fulfilling what he promised. He has always done exactly what he said he would do.” 23:20 tga7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive I have been commanded to bless 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God has commanded me to bless the Israelites” 23:21 w1xp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism hardship in Jacob … trouble in Israel 0 These two phrases mean the same thing. This could mean: (1) God has given Israel only good things or (2) there is no sin in Israel that would cause him to judge them. 23:21 i4xz shouts for their king are among them 0 Alternate translation: “they shout with joy because Yahweh is their king” 23:22 bnk6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile with strength like that of a wild ox 0 This simile says that Yahweh’s great strength is equal to an ox. 23:23 q3q1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism כִּ֤י לֹא־ נַ֨חַשׁ֙ בְּיַעֲקֹ֔ב וְלֹא־ קֶ֖סֶם בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 These two lines mean the same thing, that no curse that anyone puts on the nation of **Israel** will be effective. 23:23 rriu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy כִּ֤י לֹא־ נַ֨חַשׁ֙ בְּיַעֲקֹ֔ב וְלֹא־ קֶ֖סֶם בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 Here **Jacob** is a metonym that refers to **Israel**. 23:23 xhg8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive it must be said 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “people must say” 23:23 yvh5 Look what God has done! 0 It is implied that what God did for them was good. Alternate translation: “Look at the good things God has done for them!” 23:24 jm1j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor the people rise like a lioness … he has killed 0 This verse is a long metaphor that speaks of Israel defeating her enemies as if Israel was a lion devouring its prey. 23:25 yxn3 Balak 0 This is the king of Moab. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md). 23:26 sl4c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Did I not tell you that I must say all that Yahweh tells me to say? 0 Balaam uses this rhetorical question to remind Balak that Balaam refused to disobey God even before he came to Balak. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I told you before that I must say all that Yahweh tells me to say.” 23:28 jd2z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit which looks down on the wilderness 0 It is understood that this wilderness was where Israel was camped. Alternate translation: “which looks down on the wilderness where Israel was” 24:intro g6vw 0 # Numbers 24 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe story of Balaam continues in this chapter.\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 24:3–9, 15–24.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Cursing God’s people\n\nGod does not allow others to curse his people. Balaam blesses Israel again and the king is angry and sends him home. This may be taken as humor or an ironic situation. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) 24:1 w9kx as at the other times 0 Alternate translation: “like he did the previous times” 24:2 wa9k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom He raised his eyes 0 Here “raised his eyes” is an idiom that means to look up. Alternate translation: “He looked up” 24:2 vd4a Spirit of God came on him 0 This mean’s God’s Spirit took control of him to prophesy. 24:3 sec1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive He received this prophecy 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God gave him this prophecy” 24:3 mke8 Balaam son of Beor 0 Beor was Balaam’s father. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:5](../22/05.md). 24:3 rt1a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom whose eyes are wide open 0 This idiom means he sees and understands clearly. 24:4 g4v6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person He speaks … He sees … he bows 0 Here Balaam refers to himself as “He.” 24:4 ktc8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction he bows down 0 This is an act of humility. 24:4 ej3r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom with his eyes open 0 Here “eyes open” is an idiom that means Balaam has received the ability to know what God wants to say. 24:5 ba5v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism How beautiful are your tents, Jacob, the place where you live, Israel! 0 Both of these statements mean the same thing. They emphasize the Israelite camp was beautiful to Balaam. 24:6 qar4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile Like valleys they spread out 0 Balaam speaks of the Israelies as if they were numerous enough to cover entire valleys. 24:6 j8eg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile like gardens by the riverside 0 Balaam speaks of the Israelies as if they were well-watered gardens that produce an abundant harvest. 24:6 l53y rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown כַּאֲהָלִים֙ נָטַ֣ע יְהוָ֔ה 1 Aloes are plants with a pleasant smell that grow well even in dry conditions. 24:6 v5qb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כַּאֲהָלִים֙ נָטַ֣ע יְהוָ֔ה 1 Balaam speaks of the Israelites as if they would thrive and be pleasant like aloe plants. 24:6 aw4k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile like cedars beside the waters 0 Cedar trees were the largest trees in Israel. Balaam speaks of the Israelies as if they grew as large as well-watered cedar trees. 24:7 fl12 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Water flows … well-watered 0 Abundant water is associated with God’s blessing on the crops of the land. Alternate translation: “God will bless Israel with plenty of water for their crops” 24:7 a4i7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy their seed is well-watered 0 Well-watered seed refers to God’s blessing on his people so that they will have abundant crops. Alternate translation: “they will have plenty of water for their seed to grow healthy crops” 24:7 zlh1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism Their king is to be higher … their kingdom will be honored 0 These two phrases have similar meaning, emphasizing how much God will bless them compared to other nations. 24:7 h0mq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְיָרֹ֤ם מֵֽאֲגַג֙ מַלְכּ֔וֹ 1 Here **higher** refers to having greater honor and power. This means the future king of Israel will have more honor and will be more powerful than **Agag**. 24:7 ftd7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names וְיָרֹ֤ם מֵֽאֲגַג֙ מַלְכּ֔וֹ 1 **Agag** was king of the Amalekites. 24:7 b156 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive their kingdom will be honored 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “other people will give honor to their kingdom” 24:8 x28i God brings him 0 Alternate translation: “God brings the Israelites” 24:8 n9ze rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile with strength like a wild ox 0 This simile emphasizes that the Israelites have great strength. 24:8 y9vx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor He will eat up the nations 0 Balaam speaks of the Israelites as if they are wild animals that eat their enemies. This means they will destroy their enemies. 24:9 rx4y 0 # General Information:\n\nBalaam finishes the prophecy under the control of the Spirit of God. 24:9 kq6q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile He crouches down like a lion, like a lioness 0 In this simile, Balaam compares the Israelites to both male and female lions. This means they are dangerous and always ready to attack. 24:9 l12k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Who dares disturb him? 0 Balaam uses a question to warn all the people to not provoke the Israelites. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one dares to disturb him!” 24:9 iv8q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive May everyone who blesses him be blessed; may everyone who curses him be cursed 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “May God bless those who bless the Israelites; may he curse those who curse the Israelites” 24:10 m1vp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וַיִּֽחַר־ אַ֤ף בָּלָק֙ 1 This is an idiom that speaks of the increase in Balak’s anger as if his nose was starting to burn. Alternate translation: “And Balak became very angry” 24:10 rgi1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction struck his hands together in anger 0 This was a sign of great frustration and anger. 24:13 gi9a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo Even if Balak gave me his palace full of silver and gold 0 Balaam is describing something that would never happen. This statement emphasizes that there is nothing that would make Balaam disobey God. 24:13 a4su rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Did I not say this to them? 0 Balaam uses a question to remind Balak about what he said earlier. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. “Alternate translation: I said this to them.” 24:14 m83i this people 0 Alternate translation: “the Israelites” 24:15 bp57 Balaam son of Beor 0 Beor was Balaam’s father. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:5](../22/05.md). 24:15 bpl3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom whose eyes are wide open 0 This idiom means he sees and understands clearly. See how you translated this in [Numbers 24:3](../24/03.md). 24:16 bfa4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns who has knowledge from the Most High 0 The abstract term “knowledge” can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: “who knows things that God Most High has revealed to him” 24:16 m31x rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction bows down 0 This is a sign of submission to God. 24:17 xt9l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism I see him, but he is not here now. I look at him, but he is not near 0 Both of these statements mean the same thing. Balaam is having a vision of a future event. The word “him” refers to a future leader of Israel. 24:17 zg5v rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage A star will come out of Jacob 0 Here “star” refers to an Israelite king that will rise in power. 24:17 dbs9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy out of Jacob 0 Here “Jacob” refers to the descendants of Jacob. Alternate translation: “from among the descendants of Jacob” 24:17 ev9h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism a scepter will rise out of Israel 0 This means the same thing as the first part of the sentence. Here “scepter” refers to a powerful king. 24:17 m5w5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy out of Israel 0 Here “Israel” refers to future Israelites. Alternate translation: “from among the Israelites in the future” 24:17 evy3 shatter Moab’s leaders 0 This could mean: (1) he will break the heads of the leaders of Moab or (2) he will destroy the leaders of Moab. 24:17 r3pg all the descendants of Seth 0 This also refers to the Moabites, who were descendants of Seth. 24:18 l7jt 0 # General Information:\n\nBalaam finishes the first of his four prophecies. 24:18 nu8t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Edom will become a possession of Israel 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The Israelites will occupy Edom” 24:18 w7ft rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְהָיָ֧ה יְרֵשָׁ֛ה שֵׂעִ֖יר 1 Here **Seir** refers to the people who lived near Mount Seir.Alternate translation: “and the people of Seir will become a possession” 24:18 ysaa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְהָיָ֧ה יְרֵשָׁ֛ה שֵׂעִ֖יר 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Israel will also conquer the people of Seir” 24:19 u3rj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Out of Jacob a king will come 0 Jacob was the ancestor of the Israelites. “Jacob” is a metonym that refers to the whole people group. 24:19 d85v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit of their city 0 This refers to the city of Ar where Balak met Balaam. 24:20 j37m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person his final end 0 A singular pronoun is used because the Amalekites are spoken of as a single person. 24:21 n23b rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names the Kenites 0 This is the name of a people group who descended from Kain. 24:21 b7wk The place where you live is strong 0 Alternate translation: “The place were you live is well defended” 24:21 htj2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor your nest is in the rocks 0 This is a metaphor that means that they live in a secure place. Alternate translation: “your location is as secure as a nest high in the rocks” 24:22 ce4c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Nevertheless you Kenites will be consumed by fire when Assyria carries you away captive 0 Here the destruction of the Kenites is spoken of as if they were burned up in a fire. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Nevertheless the Assyrians will destroy you Kenites like a fire, and take you away as captives” 24:23 bj5v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Who will survive when God does this? 0 If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one will survive when God does this!” 24:24 rl4t rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Kittim 0 This is the name of a city on an island in the Mediterranean Sea. 24:24 zm8g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns they, too, will end in destruction 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **destruction**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “God will destroy them also” 24:25 wf69 Balak 0 This is the king of Moab. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md). 25:intro vs5m 0 # Numbers 25 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe story of Balaam concludes in this chapter.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Foreign women\n\nBalaam told the young women from Moab to act friendly to the Israelite men and invite them to feasts in honor of their god Baal. The men went to the feasts and worshiped Baal. God was angry and killed 24,000 Israelite men. Foreign women are often the source of problems in Israel. They caused the men to worship their false gods. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) 25:1 bx2y rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Shittim 0 This is the name of a place in Moab. 25:2 zud9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction bowed down 0 This was an act of worship. 25:3 bum9 Peor 0 Peor was the name of a mountain. See how you translated this in [Numbers 23:28](../23/28.md). 25:3 idj8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וַיִּֽחַר־ אַ֥ף יְהוָ֖ה 1 This is an idiom that speaks of the increase in Yahweh’s anger as if his nose was starting to burn. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 21:20](../21/20.md). Alternate translation: “And Yahweh became very angry” 25:4 ea9b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit all the leaders of the people 0 It is implied that this refers to the leaders who were guilty of idolatry. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “all the leaders of the people who are guilty of idolatry” 25:4 yg38 to expose them in the daylight 0 This means that the leaders of Israel will kill these people and leave their dead bodies out where all the people can see them. 25:5 by2q to Israel’s leaders 0 Alternate translation: “to Israel’s leaders who were not guilty of idolatry” 25:5 d7ds Peor 0 Peor was the name of a mountain. See how you translated this in [Numbers 23:28](../23/28.md). 25:6 ze7n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit brought among his family members a Midianite woman 0 It is implied that he brought her among his camp to have sex with her. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “brought a Midianite woman to the Israelite camp to sleep with her” 25:6 h1be rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom in the sight of Moses and all the community of the people of Israel 0 Here “in the sight of” is an idiom that means they heard about it, or found out about it. 25:7 b58q Eleazar 0 This is the name of Aaron’s son. See how you translated it in [Numbers 3:2](../03/02.md). 25:8 kww8 He followed 0 Alternate translation: “Phinehas followed” 25:11 z3sf Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nYahweh begins to speak to Moses. 25:11 j3xu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor turned my rage away from the people of Israel 0 God’s rage is spoken of as if it were something that could be physically pushed aside in order to stop it. Alternate translation: “caused me to no longer be angry with the people of Israel” 25:11 lt3f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I have not consumed the people of Israel in my fierceness 0 God is spoken of as if he were a fierce animal that could have eaten up the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “I have not destroyed the people of Israel in my terrible anger” 25:13 eu4w Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nThis is the end of Yahweh’s speech that begins in verse 11. 25:14 u1w2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background Now 0 This switches from the main story line to background information about Zimri and Kozbi. 25:14 xw6i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive who was killed 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom Phinehas killed” 25:14 r6ve rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Zimri … Salu 0 These are names of men. 25:15 e341 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Zur 0 This is the name of a man. 25:15 pqc7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Kozbi 0 This is the name of a woman. 25:18 uaj4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns with their deceitfulness 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **deceitfulness**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “by deceiving you” 25:18 kw2l They led you into evil 0 Alternate translation: “They persuaded you to do this evil thing” 25:18 dj72 in the case of Peor … in the matter of Peor 0 Both of these phrases mean that these things happened at Mount Peor. 25:18 h4fy Peor 0 Peor was the name of a mountain. See how you translated this in [Numbers 23:28](../23/28.md). 25:18 vp48 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive who was killed 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom Phinehas killed” 26:intro h5mw 0 # Numbers 26 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe ULT sets the lines in 26:12–17, 20–26, 29–32, 35, 38–39, 44–45, 48–49, 57–58 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are long lists.\n\nThe people are counted in preparation for entering into the Promised Land. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### A new generation\n\nNone of the adults who came out of Egypt with Moses were still alive except the two faithful spies, Joshua and Caleb. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]]) 26:2 i1ce rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit Count all the community 0 They were only to count the men, not the women. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Count all the men of the community” 26:2 vni2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers twenty years old and up 0 Alternate translation: “20 years old and older” 26:3 z8gq spoke to them 0 Alternate translation: “spoke to the Israelite leaders” 26:3 i73q plains 0 A plain is a large flat area of land. 26:4 sjq1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers twenty years old and up 0 Alternate translation: “20 years old and older” 26:5 l25r rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nThe leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. 26:5 jv53 was the firstborn of Israel 0 Here “Israel” refers to the man also known as Jacob. 26:5 blb4 From his son 0 The word “his” refers to Rueben. 26:7 ukj3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 43,730 men 0 Alternate translation: “forty-three thousand seven hundred and thirty men” 26:8 vzn3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nThe leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. 26:8 q6k2 Eliab 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 16:1](../16/01.md). 26:9 i6m2 Eliab … Dathan … Abiram 0 See how you translated these men’s names in [Numbers 16:1](../16/01.md). 26:10 d33w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification The earth opened its mouth and swallowed them up 0 Here the earth is spoken of as if it were a person opening its mouth and eating something. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused the earth to split open, and the men fell in the hole” 26:10 l16k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification fire devoured 250 men 0 Here the fire is spoken of as if it were a large animal devouring something. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused a fire that killed 250 men” 26:10 y2z4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 250 men 0 Alternate translation: “two hundred and fifty men” 26:11 nb3j Korah’s line 0 Alternate translation: “all of Korah’s family” 26:11 y8qj die out 0 Alternate translation: “end” 26:12 utp6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nThe leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. 26:14 y9j2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 22,200 men 0 Alternate translation: “twenty-two thousand two hundred men” 26:15 rb4h rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nThe leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. 26:18 nkh7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 40,500 men 0 Alternate translation: “forty thousand five hundred men” 26:19 hbe7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nThe leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. 26:22 ar7q rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 76,500 men 0 Alternate translation: “seventy-six thousand five hundred men” 26:23 f73t rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nThe leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. 26:25 da8l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 64,300 men 0 Alternate translation: “sixty-four thousand three hundred men” 26:26 w3fz rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nThe leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. 26:27 j5hx rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 60,500 men 0 Alternate translation: “sixty thousand five hundred men” 26:28 fqy4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nThe leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. 26:30 b45q rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nThe leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. 26:33 slu8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nThe leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. 26:34 af6u rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 52,700 men 0 Alternate translation: “fifty-two thousand seven hundred men” 26:35 jhj1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nThe leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. 26:37 y5mi rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 32,500 men 0 Alternate translation: “thirty-two thousand five hundred men” 26:37 np8k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit These were Joseph’s descendants, counted 0 The word “these” refers to all of the men descended from Joseph’s sons, Ephraim and Manasseh. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “These were Joseph’s descendants, descended from his sons Manasseh and Ephraim, counted” 26:37 fxl7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive counted in each of their clans 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they counted them in each of their clans” 26:38 fb9i rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nThe leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. 26:41 t1c5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 45,600 men 0 Alternate translation: “forty-five thousand six hundred men” 26:42 x61c rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nThe leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. 26:43 s5va rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 64,400 men 0 Alternate translation: “sixty-four thousand four hundred men” 26:44 lci1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nThe leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. 26:47 lw59 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 53,400 men 0 Alternate translation: “fifty-three thousand four hundred men” 26:48 v1j8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nThe leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. 26:50 pgj7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 45,400 men 0 Alternate translation: “forty-five thousand four hundred men” 26:51 l55t the complete count 0 Alternate translation: “the total number” 26:51 tr8m rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 601,730 0 Alternate translation: “six-hundred and one thousand, seven hundred and thirty” 26:53 k6p3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive The land must be divided 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must divide the land” 26:53 ut1a these men 0 This refers to all of the men that were counted in their clans, beginning in [Numbers 26:5](../26/05.md). 26:53 d4z2 according to the number of their names 0 Alternate translation: “by the number of people in each clan” 26:54 y96p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit give more inheritance 0 In this passage, the word “inheritance” refers to land inherited. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “give more land as an inheritance” 26:54 zpe1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive who were counted 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom the leaders of Israel counted” 26:55 a5bi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the land must be divided 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must divide the land” 26:55 gx96 by random lots 0 Alternate translation: “by casting lots” 26:55 zwx4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive it will be divided 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you will divide it” 26:56 gvl8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive distributed to them 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and you must distribute the land to them” 26:57 l46r rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nThis is a list of the Levite clans. Moses counts the Levites separately from the other tribes because they did not receive any land. 26:57 r6qa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive counted clan by clan 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that the leaders also counted clan by clan” 26:57 mt4u Gershon … Kohath … Merari 0 See how you translated these men’s names in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md). 26:58 au4a Amram’s 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 3:19](../03/19.md). 26:59 pqk6 Amram 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 3:19](../03/19.md). 26:59 zb3x She bore to Amram their children 0 Alternate translation: “She and Amram had children” 26:60 wwe5 Nadab … Abihu … Ithamar 0 See how you translated these men’s names in [Numbers 3:2](../03/02.md). 26:61 qsd1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy they offered before Yahweh unacceptable fire 0 Here the word “fire” is used to refer to “burning incense.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “they burned an incense offering to Yahweh in a way that he did not approve of” 26:62 ane3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive who were counted 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom the leaders counted” 26:62 ac2r rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה וְעֶשְׂרִים֙ אֶ֔לֶף 1 Alternate translation: “twenty-three thousand” 26:62 kw5d one month old and up 0 Alternate translation: “one month old and older” 26:62 atk6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive they were not counted 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “but the leaders did not count them” 26:62 e3dt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כִּ֠י לֹא־ נִתַּ֤ן לָהֶם֙ נַחֲלָ֔ה בְּת֖וֹךְ בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 Here, **inheritance** refers to land they inherited. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “because land in the midst of the sons of Israel was not given to them” 26:62 snpx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כִּ֠י לֹא־ נִתַּ֤ן לָהֶם֙ נַחֲלָ֔ה בְּת֖וֹךְ בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “because Yahweh said they would not receive any land as an inheritance” 26:63 l1g7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive who were counted by Moses and Eleazar the priest 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom Moses and Eleazar the priest counted” 26:64 fpg9 there was no man 0 Alternate translation: “there were no men” 26:64 bwj6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive who had been counted by Moses and Aaron the priest 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom Moses and Aaron the priest had counted” 26:64 xc7s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive when the descendants of Israel were counted 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “when they counted the descendants of Israel” 26:65 zm6j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives There was not a man left among them, except 0 The word “them” refers to all of the people who were counted in the wilderness of Sinai. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “The only ones who were still alive were” 26:65 sl65 son of Jephunneh 0 Jephunneh was Caleb’s father. See how you translated this in [Numbers 13:6](../13/06.md). 26:65 j2tl son of Nun 0 Nun was Joshua’s father. See how you translated this in [Numbers 11:28](../11/28.md). 27:intro g57e 0 # Numbers 27 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Daughters\n\nThe daughters of Korah received no land because their father was punished by Yahweh. Yahweh still graciously gave them their father’s portion of land. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]])\n\n### The new leader is Joshua\n\nGod told Moses to appoint Joshua as the new leader. Joshua became Yahweh’s anointed leader. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/appoint]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/anoint]]) 27:1 r2z7 Then to Moses came the daughters of Zelophehad … son of Joseph 0 This tells us the genealogy of Zelophehad. Alternate translation: “Then the daughters of Zelophehad son of Hepher son of Gilead son of Machir son of Manasseh, of the clans of Manasseh son of Joseph came to Moses” 27:1 xh5x Zelophehad son of Hepher … Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milkah, and Tirzah 0 See how you translated these men’s names in [Numbers 26:33](../26/33.md). 27:1 f1ul Gilead … Machir 0 See how you translated these men’s names in [Numbers 26:29](../26/29.md). 27:2 ma3g They stood 0 Alternate translation: “The daughters of Zelophehad stood” 27:3 a6nu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit who conspired against Yahweh in the company of Korah 0 The people in the company of Korah gathered together and rebelled against Yahweh. Yahweh caused them to die, because of their sin. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “who died because they were among Korah’s followers who rebelled against Yahweh” 27:3 tn9z for his own sin 0 Alternate translation: “because of his own sin” 27:4 g3j5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why should our father’s name be taken away from among his clan members because he had no son? 0 At that time, only sons received land as an inheritance. The daughters use this question to suggest that they should receive the inheritance and continue the family clan. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not remove our father’s name from the clan members just because he did not have a son.” 27:4 xm1p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit Give us land among our father’s relatives 0 This means that they are asking to inherit land near where their father’s relatives are inheriting land. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Give us land where our father’s relatives live” 27:7 nrv6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit among their father’s relatives 0 This means that they will be inherit land where their father’s relatives are inheriting land. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “where their father’s relatives live” 27:11 j9yd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive be a law established by decree for the people of Israel 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “be a law that all the people of Israel must obey” 27:11 l371 has commanded me 0 Here “me” refers to Moses. 27:12 qn5k rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names mountains of Abarim 0 This is a range of mountains in Moab. 27:12 ak5m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor that I have given to the people of Israel 0 Here Yahweh speaks about the land that his is giving the Israel as if he has already given it to them. He speaks this way to emphasize that his committed to give it to them. Alternate translation: “that I will give to the people of Israel” 27:13 q4kv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism you, too, must be gathered to your people 0 This is a euphemism that means Moses will die and his spirit will go to the place where his ancestors are. Alternate translation: “you must die” 27:13 r7vj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis like Aaron your brother 0 You can make clear the understood information that Aaron died. Alternate translation: “like your older brother Aaron died” 27:14 le2i you two rebelled 0 This refers to Moses and Aaron. 27:14 wu26 wilderness of Zin 0 See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 13:21](../13/21.md). 27:14 uty1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit when the water flowed from the rock, in your anger 0 This refers to an event when Yahweh made water miraculously flow out of a rock. God told Moses to speak to the rock. Instead, Moses hit the rock because he was angry with the people. 27:14 xyy8 you failed to honor me as holy 0 Alternate translation: “you did not treat me as holy” 27:14 a4ny rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche before the eyes of the whole community 0 Here the people of the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they saw. Alternate translation: “in front of the whole community” 27:14 u1wv waters of Meribah 0 See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 20:13](../20/13.md). 27:16 z8x6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche the God of the spirits of all humanity 0 This could mean: (1) here “spirits” refers to all people.” Alternate translation: “the God over all of humanity” or (2) the reference to “spirits” refers to God having given life and breath to all people. Alternate translation: “the God who gives breath to all people” or “the God who give life to all humanity” 27:16 zz8p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom a man over the community 0 To be “over” a group of people means to have authority to lead them. Alternate translation: “a man to lead the community” 27:17 s1me rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom a man who may go out and come in before them and lead them out and bring them in 0 This is an idiom that means a person who will lead all the people and also lead the army into battle. 27:17 t27b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile so that your community is not like sheep that have no shepherd 0 This is a simile that means without a leader the people will wander and be helpless. 27:18 t7dn Take Joshua son of Nun, a man in whom my Spirit lives 0 Yahweh’s Spirit is in Joshua, meaning that Joshua obeys Yahweh and follows his commands. 27:18 p1rd rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction lay your hand on him 0 This is a sign of dedicating someone to God’s service. Alternate translation: “lay your hand on him to appoint him” 27:19 naq8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche command him before their eyes to lead them 0 Here the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: “in front of all of them command Joshua to lead the people of Israel” 27:20 k5n4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor You must put some of your authority on him 0 Here Yahweh speaks of Moses giving some of his authority to Joshua as if it were an article of clothing that he could put on him. Alternate translation: “You should give him some of your authority” or “Let him decide what the people should do” 27:21 xn7p rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown Urim 0 This was a sacred stone that the High Priest wore on his chest plate. He used it to determine God’s will. 27:21 p15t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism It will be at his command that the people will go out and come in 0 This means that Joshua will have authority to command the movements of the community of Israel. “Going out” and “coming in” are two opposite commands used to emphasize that he will have full command over their movements. Alternate translation: “He will command the community’s movements” 27:21 h413 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism both he and all the people of Israel with him, the whole community 0 Both of these phrases mean the same thing, and they are used together for emphasis. Alternate translation: “both he and the entire nation of Israel” 27:22 bms6 placed him before 0 Alternate translation: “told him to stand in front of” 27:23 gcp5 He laid his hands on him and commanded him to lead 0 Alternate translation: “He” refers to Moses, and “him” refers to Joshua. 27:23 cb8n rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction He laid his hands on him 0 The laying on of hands was a way of setting a person apart to do a special task for God. 27:23 nk4a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis to lead 0 You can make clear the understood information to lead the people. Alternate translation: “to lead the people” or “to be the leader of the Israelites” 27:23 cw8h as Yahweh had commanded him to do 0 Here “him” refers to Moses. 28:intro yh9y 0 # Numbers 28 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Offerings for special days\n\nGod commanded the Israelites to make special offerings for Sabbaths, new months, Passover and firstfruits. On each of these occasions, specific sacrifices were required. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/other/firstfruit]]) 28:2 vl5n at the appointed times 0 Alternate translation: “at the times that I haven chosen” 28:2 d2nc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the food of my offerings made by fire to produce 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the food offerings that you will burn on the altar produce” 28:2 ii63 a sweet aroma for me 0 Alternate translation: “a smell I enjoy” 28:3 ng8v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the offering made by fire 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “the burnt offering” or “the offering you have burned by fire on the altar” 28:5 xae3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive mixed with 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “which you have mixed with” 28:5 n3fd rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction וַעֲשִׂירִ֧ית הָאֵיפָ֛ה 1 A **tenth** means one part out of ten equal parts. 28:5 x6xh rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume וַעֲשִׂירִ֧ית הָאֵיפָ֛ה 1 You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters of” or “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters) of” 28:5 y354 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction רְבִיעִ֥ת הַהִֽין 1 One **fourth** means one part out of four equal parts. 28:5 r9di rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume רְבִיעִ֥ת הַהִֽין 1 You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “a liter of” or “one-fourth of a hin (which is almost 1 liter) of” 28:5 gu2x beaten oil 0 This refers to oil that has been pressed out of olives. Alternate translation: “pressed oil” or “pure olive oil” 28:6 r7yz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive that was commanded at Mount Sinai 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh commanded at Mount Sinai” 28:6 i5mv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive made by fire 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that you burned on the altar” 28:7 j24a rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction רְבִיעִ֣ת הַהִ֔ין 1 The **fourth** means one part out of four equal parts. 28:7 mkas rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume רְבִיעִ֣ת הַהִ֔ין 1 This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “shall be a liter” or “shall be one-fourth of a hin (which is almost 1 liter)” 28:7 uf3m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit You must pour out in the holy place a drink offering of strong drink to Yahweh 0 This sentence describes the drink offering that is to accompany the lamb. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “It must be a drink offering of strong drink and you must pour it out in the holy place to Yahweh” 28:8 sd8n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive like the one offered 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “like the one you offered” 28:9 nv9k rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction וּשְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֧לֶת 1 The **two-tenths** means two parts out of ten equal parts. 28:9 vgpx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וּשְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֧לֶת 1 The words “of an ephah” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “and two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour” 28:9 l25u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive mixed with oil 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which you have mixed with oil” 28:9 rgb3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the drink offering with it 0 Many offerings had a drink offering that was required to be offered with them. The full meaning of the can be made clear. Alternate translation: “the drink offering that accompanies it” 28:12 rs1i rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction וּשְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֤לֶת 1 The **three-tenths** means three parts out of ten equal parts. 28:12 sid3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וּשְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֤לֶת 1 The words “of an ephah” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “and three-tenths of an ephah of fine flour” 28:12 sa2r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive mixed with oil 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which you have mixed with oil” 28:12 vr13 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction וּשְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֤לֶת 1 The **two-tenths** means two parts out of ten equal parts. 28:12 pu5x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וּשְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֤לֶת 1 The words “of an ephah” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “and two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour” 28:12 fcmo rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume וּשְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֤לֶת 1 This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “and four and a half liters of fine flour” or “and two-tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters) of fine flour” 28:13 kh7w rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction וְעִשָּׂרֹ֣ן עִשָּׂר֗וֹן סֹ֤לֶת 1 A **tenth** means one part out of ten equal parts. 28:13 lme4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְעִשָּׂרֹ֣ן עִשָּׂר֗וֹן סֹ֤לֶת 1 The words “of an ephah” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “and a tenth of an ephah of fine flour” 28:13 wjym rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume וְעִשָּׂרֹ֣ן עִשָּׂר֗וֹן סֹ֤לֶת 1 You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters of fine flour” 28:13 sbx3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive made by fire 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that you burned on the altar” 28:14 fi54 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction חֲצִ֣י הַהִין֩ 1 A **half** means one part out of two equal parts. 28:14 if3y rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume חֲצִ֣י הַהִין֩ 1 You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “two liters of” or “half a hin (which is two liters) of” 28:14 uy8x rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction וּשְׁלִישִׁ֧ת הַהִ֣ין 1 A **third** means one part out of three equal parts. 28:14 wif2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume וּשְׁלִישִׁ֧ת הַהִ֣ין 1 You can express in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “1.2 liters of” or “one and one-fifth liters of” or “half a hin (which is 1.2 liters) of” 28:14 t84u rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction וּרְבִיעִ֥ת הַהִ֛ין 1 A **fourth** means one part out of four equal parts. 28:14 gekh rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume וּרְבִיעִ֥ת הַהִ֛ין 1 You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “a liter” or “one-fourth of a hin (which is almost 1 liter)” 28:15 pi9d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive One male goat as a sin offering to Yahweh must be offered 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must offer one male goat to Yahweh as a sin offering” 28:16 vq3q rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths וּבַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָרִאשׁ֗וֹן בְּאַרְבָּעָ֥ה עָשָׂ֛ר י֖וֹם לַחֹ֑דֶשׁ 1 This refers to the first **month** of the Hebrew calendar. 28:16 k2hc comes Yahweh’s Passover 0 Alternate translation: “you must celebrate Yahweh’s Passover” 28:17 agz5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths וּבַחֲמִשָּׁ֨ה עָשָׂ֥ר י֛וֹם לַחֹ֥דֶשׁ הַזֶּ֖ה 1 This refers to the first **month** of the Hebrew calendar. 28:17 l12w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive a feast is to be held 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “you must have a feast” 28:17 gw3f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive bread without yeast must be eaten 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “you must eat bread without yeast” 28:18 jgc4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בַּיּ֥וֹם הָרִאשׁ֖וֹן 1 This refers to the **first day** of the feast. You can state this clearly. Alternate translation: “On day 1 of the feast” 28:18 wcl9 there must be a holy assembly to honor Yahweh 0 The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. Alternate translation: “you must gather together to worship and honor Yahweh” 28:19 v698 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive you must offer a sacrifice made by fire, a burnt offering 0 The idea of “burnt” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must burn an offering on the altar” 28:20 ztc9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction שְׁלֹשָׁ֨ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜ים 1 The **three-tenths” means three parts out of ten equal parts. 28:20 fvxg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis שְׁלֹשָׁ֨ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜ים 1 The words “of an ephah” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “three-tenths of an ephah” 28:20 gieg rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume שְׁלֹשָׁ֨ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜ים 1 You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters” 28:20 nb8c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive mixed with oil 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which you have mixed with oil” 28:20 lcc6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction וּשְׁנֵ֧י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֛ים 1 The **two-tenths** means two parts out of ten equal parts. 28:20 iyr6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וּשְׁנֵ֧י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֛ים 1 The words “of an ephah of fine flour” are understood from the previous phrase. You can repeat them here. Alternate translation: “two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour” 28:20 mz27 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume וּשְׁנֵ֧י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֛ים 1 You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters” 28:21 u36t rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction עִשָּׂר֤וֹן עִשָּׂרוֹן֙ 1 A **tenth** means one part out of ten equal parts. 28:21 pxrj rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume עִשָּׂר֤וֹן עִשָּׂרוֹן֙ 1 This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters” 28:21 q5zp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis עִשָּׂר֤וֹן עִשָּׂרוֹן֙ 1 The words “of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “One-tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil” 28:22 ma18 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns to make atonement 0 The phrase “make atonement” can be expressed with the verb “atone.” Alternate translation: “to atone” 28:23 u3dt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive required each morning 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which Yahweh requires each morning” 28:24 whx2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive As described here 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “As I, Yahweh, have described here” 28:24 dh1t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the food of the offering made by fire 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must burn the food offering on the altar” 28:24 zv8n a sweet aroma for Yahweh 0 Alternate translation: “as a sweet aroma for Yahweh” 28:24 g7rd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive It must be offered 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must offer it” 28:25 niw8 have a holy assembly to honor Yahweh 0 The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. Alternate translation: “gather together to worship and honor Yahweh” 28:26 m6k3 the day of the firstfruits 0 This refers to the day during the Festival of Weeks when they offer the grain offering to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “the day of the firstfruits, that is the day” 28:26 bm4a have a holy assembly to honor Yahweh 0 The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. Alternate translation: “gather together to worship and honor Yahweh” 28:28 hu83 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive בְּלוּלָ֣ה בַשָּׁ֑מֶן 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which you have mixed with oil” 28:28 p6rr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ 1 The **three-tenths** means three parts out of ten equal parts. 28:28 w5qw rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ 1 This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters” 28:28 qfh5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction שְׁנֵי֙ עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים 1 The **two-tenths** means two parts out of ten equal parts. 28:28 amlx rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume שְׁנֵי֙ עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים 1 This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters” 28:28 t0od rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis שְׁנֵי֙ עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים 1 The words “of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil” are understood from the previous phrase and can be repeated. Alternate translation: “two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour (which is about 4.5 liters) mixed with oil” 28:29 tdh2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction עִשָּׂרוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן 1 A **tenth** means one part out of ten equal parts. 28:29 bm0k rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume עִשָּׂרוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן 1 This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters” 28:29 t9h7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive fine flour mixed with oil 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour which you mix with oil” 28:30 yj1e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns to make atonement 0 The word “atonement” can be expressed with the verb “atone.” Alternate translation: “to atone” 28:31 k54h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession their drink offerings 0 This refers to the drink offerings that are required to accompany each of the animals when they are sacrificed. Alternate translation: “the drink offerings that are offered with them” or “the drink offerings that accompany them” 29:intro gs9v 0 # Numbers 29 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter continues the material from the previous chapter about offerings on specific days. 29:1 n5nd 0 # General Information:\n\nYahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. 29:1 wr36 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths וּבַחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜י בְּאֶחָ֣ד לַחֹ֗דֶשׁ 1 This refers to the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. Alternate translation: “And on day 1 of month 7” 29:1 c4iy have a holy assembly to honor Yahweh 0 The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. Alternate translation: “gather together to worship and honor Yahweh” 29:1 d1mb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche It will be a day when you blow trumpets 0 The word “you” refers to the people of Israel who here represent the priests. The priests blew the trumpet to begin a worship service or to gather the community together. Alternate translation: “It will be a day when the priests blow trumpets” 29:3 k2nl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession their grain offering 0 This refers to the grain offerings that are required to accompany each of the animals when they are sacrificed. Alternate translation: “the grain offerings that are offered with them” or “the grain offerings that accompany them” 29:3 mh5z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive mixed with oil 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which you have mixed with oil” 29:3 yys9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ 1 The **three-tenths** means three parts out of ten equal parts. 29:3 cruv rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ 1 This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters” 29:3 wfp3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ 1 The phrase “of fine flour mixed with oil” is understood from the previous phrase and can be repeated. Alternate translation: “three-tenths of an ephah (which is about six liters) of fine flour mixed with oil” 29:3 c9pg rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction שְׁנֵ֥י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֖ים 1 The **two-tenths** means two parts out of ten equal parts. 29:3 l8ml rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume שְׁנֵ֥י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֖ים 1 This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters” 29:3 yylr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis שְׁנֵ֥י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֖ים 1 The phrase “of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil” is understood from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “two-tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters) of fine flour mixed with oil” 29:4 chq7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction וְעִשָּׂר֣וֹן אֶחָ֔ד 1 The **one-tenth** means one part out of ten equal parts. 29:4 uehg rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume וְעִשָּׂר֣וֹן אֶחָ֔ד 1 This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters” 29:4 fdnd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְעִשָּׂר֣וֹן אֶחָ֔ד 1 The phrase “of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil” is understood from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters) of fine flour mixed with oil” 29:5 b36k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns to make atonement 0 The word “atonement” can be expressed with the verb “atone.” Alternate translation: “to atone” 29:6 frt3 of each month: the special burnt offering … with it 0 This is the offering that is made on the first day of each month. Alternate translation: “of each month—the special burnt offering … with it” 29:6 h1cf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession the regular burnt offering, its grain offering, and its drink offerings 0 This refers to the offerings the priests were to give every day. The grain offering and drink offering were to be offered with the regular burnt offering. Alternate translation: “the regular burnt offering, with the grain offering and drink offerings that accompany it” 29:6 nh25 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive you will obey what has been decreed 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you will obey Yahweh’s decree” or “you will obey what Yahweh had decreed” 29:6 kle9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive an offering made by fire to Yahweh 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “an offering you burnt on the altar to Yahweh” 29:7 v8xp rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal וּבֶעָשׂוֹר֩ לַחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜י הַזֶּ֗ה 1 Alternate translation: “And on day 10 of month 7” 29:7 v4f3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths וּבֶעָשׂוֹר֩ לַחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜י הַזֶּ֗ה 1 The word **month** refers to those in the Hebrew calendar. 29:7 dka4 have a holy assembly to honor Yahweh 0 The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. Alternate translation: “gather together to worship and honor Yahweh” 29:9 k4tv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive fine flour mixed with oil 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour which you have mixed with oil” 29:9 ufz8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ 1 The **three-tenths** means three parts out of ten equal parts. 29:9 qwhd rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ 1 This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters” 29:9 argg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ 1 The words “of an ephah” are understood from earlier in the verse. Alternate translation: “three-tenths of an ephah (which is about six liters) ” 29:9 bde9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction שְׁנֵי֙ עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים 1 The **two-tenths** means two parts out of ten equal parts. 29:9 muuk rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume שְׁנֵי֙ עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים 1 This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters” 29:9 k18z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis שְׁנֵי֙ עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים 1 The words “of an ephah” are understood from earlier in the verse. They can be repeated here. Alternate translation: “two-tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters)” 29:10 n1nx rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction עִשָּׂרוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן 1 The **tenth** means one part out of ten equal parts. 29:10 isyt rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume עִשָּׂרוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן 1 This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters” 29:10 y5ik rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis עִשָּׂרוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן 1 The words “of an ephah” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters)” 29:11 ray5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns of atonement 0 The word “atonement” can be expressed with the verb “atone.” Alternate translation: “that atones for you” 29:11 cc81 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession its grain offering, and their drink offerings 0 The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them” 29:12 kw4n rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal וּבַחֲמִשָּׁה֩ עָשָׂ֨ר י֜וֹם לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י 1 Alternate translation: “day 15 of month 7” 29:12 zkng rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths וּבַחֲמִשָּׁה֩ עָשָׂ֨ר י֜וֹם לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י 1 The word **month** refer to those in the Hebrew calendar. 29:12 e72q have a holy assembly to honor Yahweh 0 The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. Alternate translation: “gather together to worship and honor Yahweh” 29:12 e2ym rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom you must keep the festival for him 0 This is an idiom. Here the word “keep” means to observe or celebrate. The word “him” refers to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “you must observe the festival for Yahweh” or “you must celebrate the festival for Yahweh” 29:13 lh4l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive a sacrifice made by fire 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “you must burn it on the altar” 29:13 u88p rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers thirteen young bulls, two rams, and fourteen male lambs 0 Alternate translation: “13 young bulls, 2 rams, and 14 male lambs” 29:14 ja5h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive fine flour mixed with oil 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour which you have mixed with oil” 29:14 idt9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction שְׁלֹשָׁ֨ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜ים 1 The **three-tenths** means three parts out of ten equal parts. 29:14 h524 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume שְׁלֹשָׁ֨ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜ים 1 This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters” 29:14 lvme rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis שְׁלֹשָׁ֨ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜ים 1 The phrase “an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil” is understood from earlier in the sentence and can be repeated. Alternate translation: “three-tenths of an ephah (which is about six liters) of fine flour mixed with oil” 29:14 hgf4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers thirteen bulls 0 Alternate translation: “13 bulls” 29:14 qmq4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction שְׁנֵ֤י עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ 1 The **two-tenths** means two parts out of ten equal parts. 29:14 r1ry rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume שְׁנֵ֤י עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ 1 This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters” 29:14 xcn4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis שְׁנֵ֤י עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ 1 The phrase “of an ephah of fine flour” is understood from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “two-tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters) of fine flour mixed with oil” 29:15 jj7t rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers fourteen lambs 0 Alternate translation: “14 lambs” 29:15 qqa5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction וְעִשָּׂרׄוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן 1 The **tenth** means one part out of ten equal parts. 29:15 z8vc rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume וְעִשָּׂרׄוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן 1 This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “two liters” 29:15 i5np rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְעִשָּׂרׄוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן 1 The phrase “of fine flour” is understood from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters) of fine flour mixed with oil” 29:16 vxx2 its grain offering, and the drink offering with it 0 The grain offering and drink offering accompany the regular burnt offering. 29:17 r62t rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal On the second day of the assembly 0 Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. Alternate translation: “On day 2 of the festival” 29:17 dus6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers twelve young bulls, two rams, and fourteen male lambs 0 Alternate translation: “12 young bulls, 2 rams, and 14 male lambs” 29:18 sk9u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive as were commanded 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded” 29:19 f57m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession its grain offering, and their drink offerings 0 The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. Drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them” 29:20 mi8p rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the third day of the assembly 0 Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. Alternate translation: “day 3 of the festival” 29:20 r4i9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers eleven bulls, two rams, and fourteen male lambs 0 Alternate translation: “11 bulls, 2 rams, and 14 male lambs” 29:21 q47t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive as were commanded 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded” 29:22 fe9m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession its grain offering, and their drink offerings 0 The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them” 29:23 kxu3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the fourth day of the assembly 0 Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. Alternate translation: “day 4 of the festival” 29:23 v266 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers fourteen male lambs 0 Alternate translation: “14 male lambs” 29:24 g8rl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive as were commanded 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded” 29:25 y2d2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession its grain offering, and their drink offerings 0 The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them” 29:26 jr4e rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the fifth day of the assembly 0 Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. Alternate translation: “day 5 of the festival” 29:26 wa33 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers fourteen male lambs 0 Alternate translation: “14 male lambs” 29:27 y83f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive as were commanded 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded” 29:28 dde7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession its grain offering, and their drink offerings 0 The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them” 29:29 l7vr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the sixth day of the assembly 0 Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. Alternate translation: “day 6 of the festival” 29:29 dix2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers fourteen male lambs 0 Alternate translation: “14 male lambs” 29:30 x5lx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive as were commanded 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded” 29:31 mq57 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession its grain offering, and their drink offerings 0 The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them” 29:32 mwy5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the seventh day of the assembly 0 Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. Alternate translation: “day 7 of the festival” 29:32 x55k rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers fourteen male lambs 0 Alternate translation: “14 male lambs” 29:33 rxm4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive as were commanded 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded” 29:34 vk22 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession its grain offering, and their drink offerings 0 The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them” 29:35 a9cf 0 # General Information:\n\nYahweh tells Moses what the people must do after the seven-day festival in the seventh month. 29:35 hs6t rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal eighth day 0 This “eighth” is the ordinal number for eight. 29:35 x6n9 have another solemn assembly 0 This is another assembly similar to the one on the first day of the festival. Alternate translation: “gather together again to worship Yahweh” 29:36 h37k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive an offering made by fire 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must burn it on the altar” 29:37 hc7w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession their grain offering and their drink offerings 0 These offerings were to be offered with the bull, the ram, and the lambs. Alternate translation: “the grain offerings and the drink offerings” 29:37 m6nc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive as were commanded 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded” 29:38 nyr3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession its grain offering, and their drink offerings 0 The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them” 29:39 zpq3 These are what you must offer 0 Alternate translation: “These offerings are what you must offer” 29:39 y3wf fixed festivals 0 These are festivals that occurred at regularly scheduled times. The word “fixed” means “set” or “predetermined.” Alternate translation: “planned festivals” 30:intro e9dr 0 # Numbers 30 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Vows\n\nBecause a vow is a type of promise, men must do what they have vowed to do. A father or a husband has one day in which to cancel a woman’s vow. Otherwise, she must do what she vowed she would do. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) 30:2 n92a a man makes a vow 0 The words “a man” refer to any man, not one particular man. It refers only to men and does not include women. Alternate translation: “any man” 30:2 yep5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor to bind himself with a binding promise 0 Here Moses speaks of a person promising to do something as if his promise were a physical object that he ties to himself. Alternate translation: “committing to fulfill a promise” or “promising to do something” 30:2 d5ft rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism he must not break his word. He must keep his promise to do everything that comes out of his mouth 0 These two sentences have similar meanings and are combined to emphasize that he must fulfill his promises. Here “word” is a metonym that refers to what he said. 30:2 nf8m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לֹ֥א יַחֵ֖ל דְּבָר֑וֹ 1 The phrase **his word** refers to a man’s oaths and vows. Alternate translation: “he must fulfill his promises” 30:2 krx2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy everything that comes out of his mouth 0 Here the word “mouth” is a metonym for the things that the man says. Alternate translation: “to do everything that he says he will do” 30:3 rh7v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor binds herself with a promise 0 Here Moses speaks of a woman promising to do something as if her promise were a physical object that she ties to herself. Alternate translation: “commits herself to fulfilling a promise” or “promises to do something” 30:4 u957 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet the vow and the promise 0 These two phrases have very similar meanings. They emphasize what she has promised to do. Alternate translation: “the vow” 30:4 xw8r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor by which she has bound herself 0 Here Moses speaks of how a woman has committed herself to fulfilling a promise as if her promise were a physical object that she had bound to her body. Alternate translation: “that she has committed herself to fulfill” 30:4 c1r2 he says nothing to reverse her 0 Alternate translation: “he does not cancel what she has said” 30:4 vp6b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom will stand 0 This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and that she will be required to fulfill them. Alternate translation: “she will be obligated to fulfill” 30:5 m6gk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet her vows or the pledges 0 These two phrases have very similar meanings. They emphasize what she has promised to do. Alternate translation: “her vows” 30:5 u255 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom will stand 0 This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and she will be required to fulfill them. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 30:4](../30/04.md). Alternate translation: “she will be obligated to fulfill” 30:5 r6kd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit Yahweh will release her 0 This refers to Yahweh forgiving her for not fulfilling her vows. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will forgive her for not fulfilling her vows” 30:6 qq7y rash 0 something done without thinking 30:6 r4gc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor by which she has bound herself 0 Here Moses speaks of how a woman has committed herself to fulfilling a promise as if her promise were a physical object that she had bound to her body. Alternate translation: “which she has committed herself to fulfill” 30:7 s8e5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis says nothing to her 0 You may need to specify that he says nothing to her about her vow. Alternate translation: “says nothing to her about her vow” or “does not tell her to have Yahweh release her from the vow” 30:7 nh9k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor by which she bound herself 0 Here Moses speaks of how a woman has committed herself to fulfilling a promise as if her promise were a physical object that she had bound to her body. Alternate translation: “that she has committed herself to fulfill” See how this is translated in [Numbers 30:4](../30/04.md). 30:7 vj3j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom will stand 0 This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and that she will be required to fulfill them. Alternate translation: “she will be obligated to fulfill” See how this is translated in [Numbers 30:4](../30/04.md). 30:8 n9fw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism the vow that she has made … the rash talk of her lips 0 These two phrases refer to the same thing. The second phrase describes the vow that the woman made. Alternate translation: “the vow that she has made … that is, the rash talk of her lips” 30:8 j925 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche the rash talk of her lips 0 The phrase “the rash talk” refers to the rash promise that she made. Here “her lips” means the woman herself. She is referred to as “her lips” because lips are related to what she says. Alternate translation: “the rash things she has said” or “her rash promise” 30:8 pen9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor with which she has bound herself 0 Here Moses speaks of how a woman has committed herself to fulfilling a promise as if her promise were a physical object that she had bound to her body. Alternate translation: “that she has committed herself to fulfill” See how this is translated in [Numbers 30:4](../30/04.md). 30:9 vr6d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive a divorced woman 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “a woman whom a man has divorced” 30:9 aab4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom will stand against her 0 This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and she will be required to fulfill them. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 30:4](../30/04.md). Alternate translation: “she will be obligated to fulfill” 30:10 svt7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit If a woman made a vow in her husband’s house 0 This refers to a married woman. You can make the meaning of this statement clear. Alternate translation: “If a married woman makes a vow” 30:11 m4jf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom then all her vows will stand 0 This is an idiom. The phrase “will stand” means that her vows will remain in effect and she will be required to fulfill them. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 30:4](../30/04.md). Alternate translation: “then she must fulfill all her vows” 30:12 p61z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy then whatever came out of her lips 0 Here what the woman said is referred to as something that came out of her lips. Alternate translation: “then whatever she said” 30:12 r31m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom will not stand 0 This is an idiom. It means that her vows will not remain in effect and she will be not required to fulfill them. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 30:4](../30/04.md). Alternate translation: “she will not be obligated to fulfill” 30:13 rng1 binding oath to afflict her 0 an oath by which the woman says that unless she fulfills the oath, God or other poeple have the right to afflict her 30:14 sq3z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor binding promises 0 Moses describes a woman’s promises as if they were something that she is physically bound by. Alternate translation: “obligations” or “promises” 30:14 ntv6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom will stand 0 This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and that she will be required to fulfill them. Alternate translation: “she will be obligated to fulfill” See how this is translated in [Numbers 30:4](../30/04.md). 30:14 w9nv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis because he has said nothing to her 0 You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “because he has said nothing to her about them” 30:15 z7x5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit then he will be responsible for her guilt 0 This means that he will be guilty of her sin instead of her if she does not fulfill her vow. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “if she does not fulfill her vow, she will not be guilty of her sin, and he will be guilty instead of her” 31:intro p1di 0 # Numbers 31 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Midianites\n\nIsrael killed the Midianites, including Balaam, for tempting them to worship Baal. This battle was at Yahweh’s command. Yahweh would bring justice. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) 31:2 u6qq Take vengeance on the Midianites for what they did to the Israelites 0 Yahweh was punishing the Midianites for convincing the Israelites to worship idols. 31:2 gcqb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism תֵּאָסֵ֥ף אֶל־ עַמֶּֽיךָ 1 This is a polite way to emphasize that it is time for Moses to die and for his spirit to go to the place where his ancestors are. 31:3 z1v2 Arm some of your men for war 0 Alternate translation: “Give weapons to some of your men” 31:3 jkm1 go against Midian and carry out Yahweh’s vengeance on it 0 Alternate translation: “go fight a war against the Midianites and punish them for what they did to us” 31:4 zf2p rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers a thousand 0 Alternate translation: “1,000” 31:5 i7mh rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers twelve thousand 0 Alternate translation: “12,000” 31:5 i3cm Israel’s thousands of men 0 Alternate translation: “the thousands of Israel’s men” 31:5 bef8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive one thousand was provided from each tribe 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “every tribe sent 1,000 men to war” 31:5 qqa6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit twelve thousand men armed for war 0 All 12 tribes sent men, including the tribe of Levi. Each tribe sent 1,000 men into battle. 31:8 n3ta rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Evi, Rekem, Zur, Hur, and Reba 0 These are names of kings of Midian. 31:8 e2d3 Balaam son of Beor 0 Beor was Balaam’s father. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:5](../22/05.md). 31:9 y5k2 They took these as plunder 0 Alternate translation: “They took the Midianites’ possessions as their own” 31:10 xji1 They burned all their cities where they lived and all their camps 0 Alternate translation: “Israel’s army burned all the Midianites’ cities where the Midianites lived and all the Midianites’ camps” 31:11 yll7 They took 0 Alternate translation: “The army of Israel took” 31:11 ghi1 plunder 0 This refers to the material goods they recovered from killing the Midianite men. 31:12 zi9f plains 0 a large area of flat land 31:14 r7xx rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers the commanders of thousands and the captains of hundreds 0 This could mean: (1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers that these commanders and captains led. Alternate translation: “the commanders of 1,000 soldiers and the captains of 100 soldiers” or (2) the words translated as “thousands” and “hundreds” do not represent exact numbers, but are the names of larger and smaller military divisions. Alternate translation: “the commanders of large military divisions and the captains of smaller military divisions” 31:15 q7z6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Have you let all the women live? 0 The law was explicit on who would be permitted to live. The army violated the law by allowing all the women and children to live. This was a rebuke to the army leaders. 31:16 zwr2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom Look 0 This word is used here to draw the audience’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen” 31:17 x8nq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism has known a man by lying with him 0 Alternate translation: “has had sexual relations with a man” 31:18 f9zv 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses speaks to the commanders of the Israelite army about becoming clean before God. 31:18 m1ae rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism who have not known a man by lying with him 0 This refers to girls who were virgins. Alternate translation: “who have not had sexual relations with any man” 31:19 esz2 All of you 0 Moses is referring to anyone who fought in battle, not just the commanders. 31:19 u6bv you must purify yourselves 0 They must become spiritually clean again before entering the camp. 31:20 bml5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive everything made of animal hide and goats’ hair, and everything made of wood 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “everything that someone has made of animal hide, goats’ hair, or wood” 31:21 se97 0 # General Information:\n\nEleazar teaches the soldiers the customs of becoming ceremonially clean before Yahweh after going to war. 31:22 m16e gold, silver, bronze, iron, tin, and lead 0 metals that were used during that time period 31:23 t8y8 that resists fire 0 Alternate translation: “that will not burn” 31:23 an62 put it through the fire 0 Alternate translation: “put it into the fire” 31:23 lv3d water of cleansing 0 This refers to water that someone has mixed with ashes from a sin offering. See: [Numbers 19:17–19](../19/17.md). 31:24 y8tf then you will become clean 0 These are the customs of becoming ceremonially clean before Yahweh. 31:26 gv9a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Count all the plundered things that were taken 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Count all of the possessions that the soldiers took” 31:26 i5qv the leaders of the community’s ancestor’s clans 0 Alternate translation: “the leaders of each clan” 31:28 ar4h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Then levy a tax to be given to me from the soldiers who went out to battle 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Collect a tax from the soldiers’ plunder and give it to me” 31:28 hv3b rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers every five hundred 0 Alternate translation: “every 500” 31:29 w6nr from their half 0 Alternate translation: “from the soldiers’ half” 31:29 eds7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive to be presented to me 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which he will present to me” 31:30 e7ze Also from the people of Israel’s half 0 Alternate translation: “Also from the people of Israel’s half of the plunder” 31:30 s2xh who take care 0 those who oversee and maintain the tabernacle and sacrifices to Yahweh 31:32 s6hw Now 0 This word is used here to mark a break in the main teaching. Here Moses begins listing the amount of plunder and how much went to the soldiers, to the people, and to Yahweh. 31:32 jc9u rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 675,000 sheep 0 Alternate translation: “six hundred and seventy-five thousand sheep” 31:33 en2l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers seventy-two thousand oxen 0 Alternate translation: “72,000 oxen” 31:34 m1fr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers sixty-one thousand donkeys 0 Alternate translation: “61,000 donkeys” 31:35 mz61 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers thirty-two thousand women 0 Alternate translation: “32,000 women” 31:35 h8xs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism women who had not known a man by lying with him 0 This refers to women who are virgins. Alternate translation: “women who had no had sexual relations with a man” 31:36 k5us rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses is listing the plunder that goes to the soldiers and the tax that goes to Yahweh. 31:36 hx4b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive The half that was kept for the soldiers 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The soldiers’ part of the sheep” 31:36 xz5a rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 337,000 sheep 0 Alternate translation: “three hundred and thirty-seven thousand sheep” 31:37 kxp6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers was 675 0 Alternate translation: “was six hundred and seventy-five” 31:38 tpd3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers thirty-six thousand 0 36,000 31:38 yn5y rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers seventy-two 0 72 31:39 id45 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses is listing the plunder that goes to the soldiers and the tax that goes to Yahweh. 31:39 vj4q rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers were 30,500 0 Alternate translation: “were thirty thousand five hundred” 31:39 ryh3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers sixty-one 0 61 31:40 p6gv rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers sixteen thousand 0 16,000 31:40 db8h rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers thirty-two 0 32 31:41 t161 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive to be an offering presented to Yahweh 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “to be an offering to Yahweh” 31:42 uzx5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses is listing the plunder that goes to the people and the tax that goes to Yahweh. 31:43 tq4z rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 337,500 sheep 0 Alternate translation: “three hundred and thirty-seven thousand five hundred sheep” 31:44 iiy9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers thirty-six thousand oxen 0 36,000 oxen 31:46 htl1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers וְנֶ֣פֶשׁ אָדָ֔ם שִׁשָּׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר אָֽלֶף 1 You can state this number in words. Alternate translation: “and sixteen thousand human lives” 31:46 ad6b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְנֶ֣פֶשׁ אָדָ֔ם שִׁשָּׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר אָֽלֶף 1 It has been stated earlier that all the males and the married women captives were put to death. Alternate translation: “and 16,000 women” 31:47 kg6l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses is listing the plunder that goes to the people and the tax that goes to Yahweh. 31:47 kg6m 0 # General Information:\n\nThe tax on the people’s portion was higher than the tax on the soldiers’ portion. 31:48 vf7u rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers the commanders over thousands and the captains over hundreds 0 This could mean: (1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers that these commanders and captains led. Alternate translation: “the commanders over 1,000 soldiers and the captains over 100 soldiers” or (2) the words translated as “thousands” and “hundreds” do not represent exact numbers, but are the names of larger and smaller military divisions. Alternate translation: “the commanders over large military divisions and the captains over smaller military divisions” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 31:14](../31/14.md). 31:49 f2pw Your servants have counted 0 The commanders refer to themselves as “your servants.” This is a polite way to speak to someone with greater authority. 31:49 v7td rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes not one man is missing 0 This can be stated in a positive statement. “we know for certain that every man is here” 31:50 xin3 0 # General Information:\n\nThe officers of the army continue speaking to Moses. 31:50 a59f armlets and bracelets, signet rings, earrings, and necklaces 0 These are all types of jewelry that people wore. 31:50 zw94 to make atonement for ourselves before Yahweh 0 Alternate translation: “to thank God for saving our lives” 31:51 q5dj the gold and all the articles of craftsmanship 0 Alternate translation: “all the articles of gold” or “all the golden jewelry” 31:52 grf3 All the gold of the offering that they gave to Yahweh—the offerings from the commanders of thousands and from the captains of hundreds—weighed 0 Alternate translation: “All the gold of the offering that the commanders of thousands and the captains of hundreds gave to Yahweh weighed” 31:52 qri3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers from the commanders of thousands and from the captains of hundreds 0 This could mean: (1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers that these commanders and captains led. Alternate translation: “from the commanders of 1,000 soldiers and from the captains of 100 soldiers” or (2) the words translated as “thousands” and “hundreds” do not represent exact numbers, but are the names of larger and smaller military divisions. Alternate translation: “from the commanders of large military divisions and from the captains of smaller military divisions” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 31:14](../31/14.md). 31:52 b57h rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 16,750 0 Alternate translation: “sixteen thousand, seven hundred and fifty” 31:52 gj47 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney shekels 0 A shekel is 11 grams. 31:54 r1uq as a reminder of the people of Israel for Yahweh 0 The gold will remind the people that Yahweh gave them victory. It will also remind Yahweh that the people fulfilled his revenge on the Midianites. 32:intro yg1s 0 # Numbers 32 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n### Reuben and Gad’s inheritance\n\nReuben and Gad were given the land conquered east of the Jordan River. This land had good pastures, and suited these tribes because they had many sheep, goats and cattle. They had not yet entered into the Promised Land, and it would have been sinful to not fight with the rest of Israel. So they promised to enter the land to fight with the other tribes, and then return to their own land. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) 32:1 t4bt rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background Now 0 This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Moses tells background information about the tribes of Reuben and Gad. 32:3 dwl6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Ataroth, Dibon, Jazer, Nimrah, Heshbon, Elealeh, Sebam, Nebo, and Beon 0 These are names of cities. 32:4 fd7v 0 # General Information:\n\nThe people from Reuben and Gad continue speaking to Moses, Eleazar, and the other leaders. 32:4 t4lw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor the lands that Yahweh attacked before the community of Israel 0 Yahweh enabling the Israelites to conquer the people who lived in the land is spoken of as if Yahweh went before the Israelites and attacked the people. Alternate translation: “the lands where Yahweh enabled us to defeat the people living there” 32:4 a77c We, your servants 0 The people of the tribes of Reuben and Gad refer to themselves in this way to show respect to a person of higher authority. 32:5 kbeb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אִם־ מָצָ֤אנוּ חֵן֙ בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ 1 Here, **eyes** are a metonym for sight. Alternate translation: “If we have found favor in your sight” 32:5 pl1g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אִם־ מָצָ֤אנוּ חֵן֙ בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ 1 Here, **found favor** is an idiom that means be approved of or that the leaders are pleased with them. Alternate translation: “If you are pleased with us” 32:5 ig4m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אִם־ מָצָ֤אנוּ חֵן֙ בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ 1 Here, for Moses to see with his **eyes** is a metaphor representing his evaluation. Alternate translation: “If we have found favor with you” 32:5 q5ik rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive let this land be given to us 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “give this land to us” 32:5 gd1t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit Do not make us cross over the Jordan 0 They wanted the land on the east side of the Jordan River instead of crossing over to the west side and claiming land there. Alternate translation: “Do not make us cross over the Jordan to take possession of land on that side” 32:6 sua3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Should your brothers go to war while you settle down here? 0 Moses asks this question to rebuke the people from the tribes of Gad and Reuben. Alternate translation: “It is wrong for you to settle down in this land while your brothers go to war.” 32:7 c23x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why discourage the hearts … the land that Yahweh has given them? 0 Moses asks this question to correct the people from the tribes of Gad and Reuben. Alternate translation: “Do not discourage the hearts … the land that Yahweh has given them.” or “Your actions would discourage the hearts … the land that Yahweh has given them.” 32:7 yrl5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche discourage the hearts of the people of Israel from going 0 Here the word “hearts” represents the people themselves and refers to the seat of their emotions. Alternate translation: “discourage the people of Israel from going” or “cause the people of Israel to not want to go” 32:9 ge3e rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Valley of Eshkol 0 This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [Numbers 13:23](../13/23.md). 32:9 jta2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit They saw the land 0 This refers to seeing what was in the land. Alternate translation: “They saw the strong people and cities in the land” 32:9 z21f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche discouraged the hearts of the people of Israel 0 Here the word “hearts” represents the people themselves and refers to the seat of their emotions. See how you translated this in [Numbers 32:7](../32/07.md). Alternate translation: “discouraged the people of Israel” 32:10 hpu7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַיִּֽחַר־ אַ֥ף יְהוָ֖ה 1 Yahweh becoming angry is spoken of as if his **nose** begins to burn. Alternate translation: “Yahweh became very angry” 32:11 wb16 none of the men 0 This phrase refers to both men and women. Alternate translation: “none of the people” 32:11 m7bw rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers twenty years old and up 0 Alternate translation: “20 years old or older” 32:11 a6wn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor completely followed me 0 Being devoted to Yahweh and obeying him are spoken of as if they were following Yahweh. Alternate translation: “completely obeyed me” or “been completely devoted to me” 32:12 m62i rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Jephunneh … Nun 0 These are names of men. 32:12 dt3y rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Kenizzite 0 This is the name of a people group. 32:13 n7kk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַיִּֽחַר־ אַ֤ף יְהוָה֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 Yahweh becoming angry is spoken of as if his **nose** begins to burn. Alternate translation: “Yahweh became very angry with Israel” 32:13 qr9t rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers forty years 0 Alternate translation: “40 years” 32:13 mca3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive all the generation … sight was destroyed 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he destroyed all the generation … sight” or “all the generation … sight had died” 32:13 z1be rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom who had done evil in his sight 0 Being in someone’s sight means to be in front of that person where he can see. Alternate translation: “who had done evil before Yahweh” or “who had done evil in Yahweh’s presence” 32:14 j6ik rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor you have risen up in your fathers’ place 0 The people of Reuben and Gad acting like their ancestors did is spoken of as if they were standing in the place where their ancestors did. Alternate translation: “you have begun to act just like your ancestors” 32:14 t3rd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor to add to Yahweh’s burning anger toward Israel 0 The people causing Yahweh to become angrier is spoken of as if his anger was a fire and the people are adding more fuel to that fire. Alternate translation: “to cause Yahweh to be even more angry with Israel” 32:15 n14t all this people 0 Alternate translation: “this entire people” or “all this generation of people” 32:17 ni8k will be ready and armed 0 Alternate translation: “will be ready with weapons” or “will be ready to fight a war” 32:17 c639 in the fortified cities 0 Alternate translation: “in the secured cities” 32:18 lu48 0 # General Information:\n\nThe leaders of Gad and Reuben continue speaking. 32:18 k2zl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor has obtained his inheritance 0 The land that the people were to receive as a permanent possession is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they were to obtain. Alternate translation: “has taken possession of his portion of the land” 32:20 s681 if you arm yourselves 0 Alternate translation: “if you take your weapons” 32:20 sb1z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom before Yahweh 0 This means Yahweh will go with them to battle and enable them to defeat their enemy and take their land. Alternate translation: “in the presence of Yahweh” 32:21 w22a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor until he has driven out his enemies from before him 0 The pronouns here all refer to Yahweh. Yahweh enabling the Israelites to defeat their enemies is spoken of as if Yahweh were fighting their battles. Alternate translation: “until Yahweh has enabled your soldiers to defeat the enemy and force them away from his presence” 32:22 he19 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְנִכְבְּשָׁ֨ה הָאָ֜רֶץ לִפְנֵ֤י יְהוָה֙ 1 Here, **land** refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation: “and the people of the land are subdued before the face of Yahweh” 32:22 chic rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִכְבְּשָׁ֨ה הָאָ֜רֶץ לִפְנֵ֤י יְהוָה֙ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and the Israelites have subdued the people who live in the land before Yahweh” 32:22 i7x4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit you may return 0 It is implied that they will return to the east side of the Jordan. Alternate translation: “you may return to this land on the east side of the Jordan” 32:22 rj5v You will be guiltless toward Yahweh and toward Israel 0 This could mean: (1) “You will have fulfilled your obligation to Yahweh and to Israel” or (2) “There will be nothing for which Yahweh or the people of Israel can blame you.” 32:23 g2nz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification Be sure that your sin will find you out 0 Moses speaks of sin as if it were a person who will condemn the guilty person. This means that the people cannot escape the punishment that their sin deserves. Alternate translation: “Know for sure that Yahweh will punish you for your sin” 32:25 ygw2 Your servants 0 The people of Gad and Reuben refer to themselves as “your servants.” This is a polite way of speaking to someone with greater authority. 32:27 j571 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit will cross over 0 You can make it clear that they will cross over the Jordan. Alternate translation: “will cross over the Jordan River” 32:27 w8i3 every man who is armed for war 0 Alternate translation: “every man prepared for war” 32:29 ml25 every man who is armed 0 Alternate translation: “every man who is ready with his weapon” 32:29 x7ul rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive if the land is subdued before you 0 Here the word “land” refers to the people who live there. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “if Yahweh subdues before you the people living in the land” or “if they help you subdue the people living in the land” 32:30 c7xh then they will acquire their possessions among you in the land of Canaan 0 Alternate translation: “then the descendants of Gad and Reuben will receive land with you in Canaan” 32:32 v4jp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit We will cross over armed 0 You can make it clear that they will cross the Jordan. Alternate translation: “We will cross over the Jordan ready to fight” 32:32 zxx7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor our possessed inheritance 0 The land that the people were to receive as a permanent possession is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they were to obtain. Alternate translation: “the portion of land that we will possess” 32:32 p5vi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom will remain with us 0 This idiom refers to ownership. Alternate translation: “will be ours” 32:33 d9qr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names סִיחֹן֙ & ע֖וֹג 1 **Sihon** and **Og** are names of kings who ruled two separate kingdoms. 32:34 x51u rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Dibon, Ataroth, Aroer 0 These are names of cities. 32:35 h5rs rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Atroth Shophan, Jazer, Jogbehah 0 These are names of cities. 32:36 q92b rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Beth Nimrah, and Beth Haran 0 These are names of cities. 32:37 ln11 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Heshbon, Elealeh, Kiriathaim 0 These are names of cities. 32:38 du4l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Nebo, Baal Meon … Sibmah 0 These are names of cities. 32:38 a8pp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive their names were later changed 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people later changed the names of these cities” 32:39 we8f Machir 0 This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in [Numbers 26:29](../26/29.md). 32:41 h5li rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Jair 0 This is the name of a man. 32:41 mn6c rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Havvoth Jair 0 This is the name of a city. 32:42 rm3m rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Nobah 0 This is the name of a man. 32:42 r3cx rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Kenath 0 This is the name of a city. 33:intro s7u7 0 # Numbers 33 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is a summary of Israel’s exodus from Egypt to the Promised Land, including their wandering through the desert. The phrase “they set out” means “they left.” 33:1 va6t by their armed groups 0 This means that each tribe had their own men, who were armed, to protect them. See how you translated “armed groups” in [Numbers 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “by their military divisions” 33:2 gx4i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive as commanded by Yahweh 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded” 33:2 y7p2 departure after departure 0 Alternate translation: “from one place to another place” 33:3 ak5s rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. 33:3 na6v rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָֽרִאשׁ֔וֹן בַּחֲמִשָּׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֛ר י֖וֹם לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָרִאשׁ֑וֹן 1 Here, **first** is the ordinal number one. 33:3 gdmd rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָֽרִאשׁ֔וֹן בַּחֲמִשָּׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֛ר י֖וֹם לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָרִאשׁ֑וֹן 1 This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The fifteenth day is near the beginning of April on Western calendars. 33:3 gaw7 the people of Israel left openly, in the sight of all the Egyptians 0 Alternate translation: “the Israelites left in plain view of the Egyptians” 33:4 gt7n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit their firstborn 0 This refers to the firstborn sons. Alternate translation: “their firstborn sons” 33:4 nq9p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor he also inflicted punishment on their gods 0 Yahweh proving that he is more powerful than all of the false gods that the Egyptians worshiped is spoken of as if Yahweh punished those false gods. Alternate translation: “he also proved that he is greater than their gods” 33:5 wdj9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. 33:5 tm1p set out from 0 Alternate translation: “departed from” 33:6 y8bu on the edge of the wilderness 0 Alternate translation: “on the border of the wilderness” 33:8 bu1s rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. 33:8 j48d passed through the middle of the sea 0 This refers to when Yahweh divided the Red Sea so that the Israelites could escape from the Egyptian army. 33:9 ii9y rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers twelve springs … seventy palm trees 0 Alternate translation: “12 springs … 70 palm trees” 33:11 x491 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. 33:14 f1vp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive where no water was found for the people to drink 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “where the people could not find water to drink” 33:15 u8kr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. 33:19 mm4x rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. 33:23 q827 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. 33:27 ii4p rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. 33:31 gpz3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. 33:35 uzs2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. 33:38 sp6v rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal in the fortieth year after 0 Here “fortieth” is the ordinal number for forty. Alternate translation: “40 years after” 33:38 lpa5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal בַּחֹ֥דֶשׁ הַחֲמִישִׁ֖י בְּאֶחָ֥ד לַחֹֽדֶשׁ 1 Here, **fifth** is the ordinal number for five. 33:38 o1ro rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths בַּחֹ֥דֶשׁ הַחֲמִישִׁ֖י בְּאֶחָ֥ד לַחֹֽדֶשׁ 1 This is the **fifth month** of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the middle of July on Western calendars. 33:39 sx7z rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 123 years old 0 Alternate translation: “one hundred and twenty-three years old” 33:40 b5x6 The Canaanite, the king of Arad 0 Alternate translation: “The Canaanite king of Arad” 33:40 fa11 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Arad 0 This was the name of a Canaanite city. 33:40 tp5h heard of the coming of the people of Israel 0 Alternate translation: “heard that the people of Israel were coming” 33:41 ug4w rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. 33:44 b2kj rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. 33:47 ilj5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. 33:48 hc7z plains 0 a large area of flat land 33:52 ua9d demolish all their high places 0 Alternate translation: “destroy all of their high places” 33:54 q2gz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor inherit the land 0 The Israelites claiming the land as their permanent possession is spoken of as if they were inheriting the land. 33:54 m66j Wherever the lot falls to each clan, that land will belong to it 0 Alternate translation: “Each clan will receive the land according to how the lot falls” 33:55 l4n8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile like objects in your eyes and thorns in your sides 0 Just like a small object in a person’s eye or a small thorn that sticks into a person skin can cause great irritation, so even a small portion of the Canaanites, if left in the land, would cause great trouble for the Israelites. 34:intro z166 0 # Numbers 34 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe ULT sets the lines in 34:19–28 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are long lists.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### The boundaries\n\nMoses told them all of the land they would inherit and live in and said that they should divide it up by casting lots. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]]) 34:3 c7ax wilderness of Zin 0 See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 33:12](../33/12.md). 34:7 ucc8 Mount Hor 0 See how you translated this name in [Numbers 20:22](../20/22.md). 34:13 v8m7 to the nine tribes and to the half tribe 0 This means the remaining tribes of Israel who will live on the west side of the Jordan River in the land of Canaan. The tribes of Reuben and Gad and the half tribe of Manasseh had already received their land on the east side of the Jordan River. 34:14 t2jx following the assignment of property to their ancestor’s tribe 0 Alternate translation: “according to how Yahweh assigned the property to their ancestor’s tribe” 34:15 e78v The two tribes and the half tribe 0 Alternate translation: “The tribes of Reuben and Gad, and half of the tribe of Manasseh” 34:17 dt2u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you divide the land for your inheritance 0 Here “your” is plural and refers to the people of Israel. These men will cast lots to divide the land. Then they will distribute it to the tribes. 34:19 d75w rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nThis is the list of men who will help divide the land among the tribes. 34:27 hsm6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 # General Information:\n\nThis concludes the list of men who will help divide the land among the tribes. 35:intro rg3i 0 # Numbers 35 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter continues the material from the previous chapter.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Revenge\n\nYahweh told Moses to establish safe places for people who accidentally killed other people. This prevented revenge killings. Justice is an important concept in this chapter. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) 35:1 z6sc plains 0 a large area of flat land 35:2 ww25 give some of their own shares of land to the Levites 0 Yahweh did not give the Levites their own land, so they had to live in cities that belonged to other tribes. 35:2 hlb8 pastureland 0 an area of land where animals feed on grass 35:4 fb2e rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers אֶ֥לֶף אַמָּ֖ה 1 You can state this number in words. Alternate translation: “one thousand cubits” 35:4 fzlt rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance אֶ֥לֶף אַמָּ֖ה 1 If it is necessary to use modern distance units, here is a way of doing it. Alternate translation: “457 meters” 35:5 cr3z rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers אַלְפַּ֪יִם בָּֽאַמָּ֟ה & אַלְפַּ֨יִם בָּאַמָּ֜ה & אַלְפַּ֣יִם בָּֽאַמָּ֗ה 1 You can state these numbers in words. Alternate translation: “two thousand cubits … two thousand cubits … two thousand cubits” 35:5 zzrs rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance אַלְפַּ֪יִם בָּֽאַמָּ֟ה & אַלְפַּ֨יִם בָּאַמָּ֜ה & אַלְפַּ֣יִם בָּֽאַמָּ֗ה 1 You can state this in modern measurements. A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “920 meters … 920 meters … 920 meters” 35:6 g8wz a person who has killed someone 0 This refers to people who have killed someone, but it had not yet been determined whether they killed the person intentionally or accidentally. 35:6 q5lc rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers forty-two 0 Alternate translation: “42” 35:7 jnp2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers forty-eight 0 Alternate translation: “48” 35:11 fy84 unintentionally 0 accidentally or without wanting to or trying to 35:12 vp5m the avenger 0 This refers to a close relative that seeks vengeance by killing the accused man. 35:12 le4k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive so that the accused man will not be killed without first standing trial before the community 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “so that no one will kill the accused man before the community is able to judge him in court” 35:16 z14e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive מ֥וֹת יוּמַ֖ת הָרֹצֵֽחַ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must certainly execute the one who murders another person” 35:19 wx13 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy The avenger of blood 0 Here the word “blood” is a metonym for the murder. Alternate translation: “The one who avenges the murder” or “The relative seeking vengeance” 35:22 umg8 without premeditated hate 0 Alternate translation: “without planning it out of hate ahead of time” 35:22 p8t8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor without lying in wait 0 Someone intentionally seeking a way to harm another person is spoken of as if someone were hiding in order to ambush that other person. Alternate translation: “without intentionally having tried to harm the victim” 35:24 gs31 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the avenger of blood 0 Here the word “blood” is a metonym for the murder. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 35:19](../35/19.md). Alternate translation: “the one who avenges the murder” or “the relative seeking vengeance” 35:25 nz1w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit The community must rescue the accused 0 This means if the community judges that the death was accidental then they must save the accused man from the relative who wants to kill him. If the community judges that the death was not accidental, then the relative must execute the accused man. 35:25 f819 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the one who was anointed with the holy oil 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the one you anointed with holy oil” 35:27 db74 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the avenger of blood 0 Here the word “blood” is a metonym for the murder. See how you translated these words in [Numbers 35:19](../35/19.md). Alternate translation: “the one who avenges the murder” or “the relative seeking vengeance” 35:29 b5jp through all your people’s generations 0 Alternate translation: “and all of your descendants who will live after you” 35:30 l81w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the murderer must be killed 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone must execute the murderer” 35:30 e5vq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive as testified to by the words of witnesses 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “according to the testimony of witnesses” or “as witnesses testify to the murder” 35:30 y1ik rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive But one witness’ word alone may not cause any person to be put to death 0 The testimony of one witness is not enough to execute a person for murder. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But the word of only one witness is not enough for you to execute a person” 35:31 th5f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive מ֖וֹת יוּמָֽת 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must execute him” 35:32 pv6j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit You must not … allow him to reside on his own property 0 This implied that the man would have left the city of refuge and returned home. Alternate translation: “You must not … allow him to leave the city of refuge and return home to live on his own property” 35:32 a9qa in this way 0 Alternate translation: “by accepting a ransom” 35:33 gzd5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Do not pollute in this way the land where you live, because blood from murder pollutes the land 0 Making the land unacceptable to Yahweh is spoken of as if it were physically polluting the land. Alternate translation: “Do not make the land where you live unacceptable to me in this way, because blood from murder makes the land unacceptable to me” 35:33 df8z in this way 0 This means by disobeying the laws concerning a person who kills someone. 35:33 pl2f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive No atonement can be made for the land when blood has been shed on it, except by the blood of the one who shed it 0 This refers to when a person intentionally kills another person. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “When someone has shed blood in the land, only the execution of the murderer can make atonement for the land” 36:intro ej9v 0 # Numbers 36 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n### Female heirs\n\nWomen who inherited land from their father must marry men from their tribe so the inheritance does not leave the tribe. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]]) 36:1 if4m rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Machir 0 This is the name of a man. See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 26:29](../26/29.md). 36:2 gt4r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive You were commanded by Yahweh 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh commanded you” 36:2 wj3z rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Zelophehad 0 This is the name of a man. See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 26:33](../26/33.md). 36:3 lt8u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive will be removed from our ancestor’s share 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “will no longer belong to our ancestor’s share” 36:3 x8b6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive It will be added 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “It will belong to” 36:3 p8s2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive it will be removed from the assigned share of our inheritance 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “it will no longer be a part of our inheritance” 36:4 rfa6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the year of Jubilee of the people 0 This refers to a celebration which happens once every fifty years. In this celebration, all land that someone sold or traded must return to the original owner. 36:4 mw2i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive their share will be joined 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “their share will belong” 36:4 zr9r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive their share will be taken away from the share of our ancestors’ tribe 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they will take our tribe’s share of the land” 36:5 z3fi at Yahweh’s word 0 Alternate translation: “according to what Yahweh said” 36:6 f822 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Let them be married to whom they think best 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Let them marry whom they want” 36:6 lcf4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive they must marry only within the family of their father’s tribe 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “but they may only marry someone from their father’s tribe” 36:7 ysn3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy No share 0 The word “share” represents the portion of land that each tribe received as an inheritance. Alternate translation: “No portion of the land” 36:8 aed4 who owns a share in her tribe 0 Alternate translation: “who owns a share of land in her tribe” 36:8 q4e7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor may own an inheritance 0 The land that each clan possesses is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received. 36:9 enm8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor No share may change hands from one tribe to another 0 Transferring ownership from one tribe to another is spoken of as if the property passed from one person’s hands to another person’s hands. Alternate translation: “No one may transfer the ownership of any share of land from one tribe to another” 36:11 y95h rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Mahlah, Tirzah, Hoglah, Milkah, and Noah 0 See how you translated these women’s names in [Numbers 26:33](../26/33.md). 36:12 i8zd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor their inheritances 0 The land that each of Zelophehad’s daughters possessed is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received. Alternate translation: “the lands that they received as an inheritance” 36:13 z8ke plains 0 a large area of flat land 1:26 jsxt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם 1 1:26 bdn9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת See how you translated this phrase in [1:2](../01/02.md). 2:16 etwk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מְאַ֨ת אֶ֜לֶף וְאֶחָ֨ד וַחֲמִשִּׁ֥ים אֶ֛לֶף וְאַרְבַּע־ מֵא֥וֹת וַחֲמִשִּׁ֖ים This refers to the men. Alternate translation: “ are 151,450 men”