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489 B
489 B
according to the ways of this world
The apostles also used "world" to refer to the selfish behaviors and corrupt values of the people living in this world. Alternate translation: "according to the values of people living in the world" or "following the principles of this present world" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy)
the ruler of the authorities of the air
This refers to the devil or Satan.
the spirit that is working
"the spirit of Satan, who is working"