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All the city was excited
The word "All" here is an exaggeration for emphasis. The word "city" represents the people in Jerusalem. AT: "Many people in the city became angry at Paul" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy)
laid hold of Paul
"seized Paul" or "grabbed Paul"
the doors were immediately shut
They shut the doors so that there would not be rioting in the temple area. This can be stated in active form. AT: "Some of the Jews immediately shut the temple doors" or "The temple guards immediately shut the doors" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive)
news came up to the chief captain of the guard
Here "news" refers to the messenger who went to speak the news. AT: "someone gave news to the chief captain of the guard" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy)
news came up to the chief captain
The phrase "came up to" is used because the chief captain was in a fortress connected to the temple that was higher in elevation than the temple courtyard.
the chief captain
a Roman military officer or leader of about 600 soldiers
all Jerusalem was in an uproar
The word "Jerusalem" here represents the people of Jerusalem. The word "all" is an exaggeration to show a large crowd was upset. AT: "a lot of people in Jerusalem were in an uproar" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy)