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Henry Whitney 2018-06-13 13:54:07 -04:00
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# a teacher of little children
Here Paul compares those who do not know anything about the law to very small children. Alternate translation: "and you teach those who do not know the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
Here Paul compares those who do not know anything about the law to very small children. Alternate translation: "you teach those who do not know the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
# and that you have in the law the form of knowledge and of the truth
The knowledge of the truth that is in the law comes from God. Alternate translation: "because you are sure you understand the truth that God has given in the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
The knowledge of the truth that is in the law comes from God. Alternate translation: "and you are sure you understand the truth that God has given in the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

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# For what if some Jews were without faith? Will their unbelief abolish God's faithfulness?
Paul uses these questions to make people think. Alternate translation: "Some Jews have not been faithful to God. Should we conclude from this that God will not fulfill his promise?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
Paul uses these questions to make people think. Alternate translation: "Some Jews have not been faithful to God. We should not conclude from this that God will not fulfill his promise." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

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# But if our unrighteousness shows the righteousness of God, what can we say? Can we say that God is unrighteous to bring his wrath upon us?
Paul uses these questions to present what some people were arguing and to get his readers to think about whether or not this argument is true. Alternate translation: "Some people say that since our unrighteousness shows God's righteousness, then God is unrighteous when he punishes us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
Paul uses these questions to present what some people were arguing and to get his readers to think about whether or not this argument is true. Alternate translation: "Some people say that since our unrighteousness shows God's righteousness, then God is unrighteous when he punishes us." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
# to bring his wrath upon us

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# the world
The "world" is a metonym for the people who live in the world. Alternate translation: "anyone in the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
The "world" is a metonym for the people who live in the world. Alternate translation: "the people who live in the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

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# But if the truth of God through my lie provides abundant praise for him, why am I still being judged as a sinner?
Here Paul imagines someone continuing to reject the Christian gospel. That adversary argues, because his sin shows the righteousness of God, then God should not declare that he is a sinner on judgment day if, for example, he tells lies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
Here Paul imagines someone continuing to reject the Christian gospel. That adversary argues that because his sin shows the righteousness of God, then God should not declare that he is a sinner on judgment day if, for example, he tells lies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

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# Why not say ... come"?
Here Paul raises a question of his own, to show how ridiculous the argument of his imaginary adversary is. Alternate translation: "I might as well be saying ... come!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
Here Paul raises a question of his own, to show how ridiculous the argument of his imaginary adversary is. Alternate translation: "I might as well be saying ... come!'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
# as we are falsely reported to say
"some lie to tell others that this is what we are saying"
"as some lie to others, claiming that this what we are saying""
# The judgment on them is just
It will be only fair when God condemns these enemies of Paul, for telling lies about what Paul has been teaching.
It will be only fair when God condemns these enemies of Paul for telling lies about what Paul has been teaching.

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# There is no one who seeks after God
Here the phrase "seeks after God" means to have a relationship with God. Alternate translation: "No one sincerely tries to have a right relationship with God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
Here the phrase "seeks after God" means tries to have a relationship with God. Alternate translation: "No one sincerely tries to have a right relationship with God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

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# Their throat is an open grave
The word "throat" is a metonym for everything that people say that is unrighteous and disgusting. Here "open grave" is a metaphor that refers to the stench of the evil words of the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
The word "throat" is a metonym for everything that people say. Here "open grave" is a metaphor that refers to the stench of dead bodies, a metaphor for the evil words of the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
# Their tongues have deceived

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# There is no fear of God before their eyes
Here "fear" is a metonym that represents respect for God and willingness to honor him. Alternate translation: "Everyone refuses to give God the respect he deserves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
Here "fear" is a metonym that represents respect for God and willingness to honor him. Alternate translation: "They refuse to give God the respect he deserves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

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# This all happened for the demonstration of his righteousness at this present time
"He did this to show how God makes people right with himself"
"God did now this to show how he makes people right with himself"
# This was so he could prove himself just, and to show that he justifies anyone because of faith in Jesus

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Paul asks this question to show that there is no reason for people to boast about obeying the law. Alternate translation: "So there is no way that we can boast that God favors us because we obeyed those laws. Boasting is excluded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
# It is excluded
This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "God does not allow it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
# On what grounds? Of works? No, but on the grounds of faith
Paul asks and answers these rhetorical questions to emphasize that each point he is making is certainly true. You can translate this by including the words that Paul implies, and by using an active form. Alternate translation: "On what grounds should we exclude boasting? Should we exclude it because of our good works? No, rather, we should exclude it because of faith" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
You may need to fill in the words omitted in the ellipsis. Alternate translation: "On what grounds is boasting excluded? Is it excluded on grounds of works? No, it is excluded on the grounds of faith" You can also translate using active forms. Alternate translation: "On what grounds does God exclude boasting? Does he exclude it on the grounds of works? No, he excludes on the grounds of faith" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
# On what grounds? Of works?
Paul asks these questions to get his readers ready to receive the point he is making. Alternate translation: "Let me tell you on what grounds. It is not on the grounds of works." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

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# a person is justified by faith
Here "faith" is an abstract noun that refers to the person believing in God. The "person" here is any person. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "God justifies any person who believes in God" or "when God justifies a person, he does so because the person believes in God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
This can be translated in active form. Here the words "by faith" refers to either 1) the means by which God justifies a person. Alternate translation: "God justifies a person through that person's faith" Or 2) the reason for which God justifies a person. Alternate translation: "God justifies a person because he has faith" Faith is not the actor that justifies a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
# without works of the law

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# May it never be
This expression gives the strongest possible negative answer to the preceding rhetorical question. You may have a similar express in your language that you could use here. Alternate translation: "This is certainly not true" or "Certainly not" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
This expression gives the strongest possible negative answer to the preceding rhetorical question. You may have a similar express in your language that you could use here. Alternate translation: "This is certainly not true" or "Certainly not"
# we uphold the law

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#### Important figures of speech in this chapter ####
##### Rhetorical Questions #####
Paul frequently uses rhetorical questions in this chapter. It appears the intent of these rhetorical questions is to make the reader see their sin so they will trust in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/guilt]])
Paul frequently uses rhetorical questions in this chapter. It appears the intent of these rhetorical questions is to make the readers see their sin so they will trust in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/guilt]])
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