diff --git a/rom/02/20.md b/rom/02/20.md index 88b8e0b1b6..da768c6bd8 100644 --- a/rom/02/20.md +++ b/rom/02/20.md @@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ # a teacher of little children -Here Paul compares those who do not know anything about the law to very small children. Alternate translation: "and you teach those who do not know the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) +Here Paul compares those who do not know anything about the law to very small children. Alternate translation: "you teach those who do not know the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) # and that you have in the law the form of knowledge and of the truth -The knowledge of the truth that is in the law comes from God. Alternate translation: "because you are sure you understand the truth that God has given in the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) +The knowledge of the truth that is in the law comes from God. Alternate translation: "and you are sure you understand the truth that God has given in the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) diff --git a/rom/03/03.md b/rom/03/03.md index 3ab2ae43c7..deba5b0a31 100644 --- a/rom/03/03.md +++ b/rom/03/03.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ # For what if some Jews were without faith? Will their unbelief abolish God's faithfulness? -Paul uses these questions to make people think. Alternate translation: "Some Jews have not been faithful to God. Should we conclude from this that God will not fulfill his promise?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) +Paul uses these questions to make people think. Alternate translation: "Some Jews have not been faithful to God. We should not conclude from this that God will not fulfill his promise." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) diff --git a/rom/03/05.md b/rom/03/05.md index 8e9e583ebf..b587f5fe76 100644 --- a/rom/03/05.md +++ b/rom/03/05.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # But if our unrighteousness shows the righteousness of God, what can we say? Can we say that God is unrighteous to bring his wrath upon us? -Paul uses these questions to present what some people were arguing and to get his readers to think about whether or not this argument is true. Alternate translation: "Some people say that since our unrighteousness shows God's righteousness, then God is unrighteous when he punishes us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) +Paul uses these questions to present what some people were arguing and to get his readers to think about whether or not this argument is true. Alternate translation: "Some people say that since our unrighteousness shows God's righteousness, then God is unrighteous when he punishes us." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) # to bring his wrath upon us diff --git a/rom/03/06.md b/rom/03/06.md index abb8b387c8..f4b2f7560b 100644 --- a/rom/03/06.md +++ b/rom/03/06.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ Paul uses this question to show that the arguments against the gospel are not va # the world -The "world" is a metonym for the people who live in the world. Alternate translation: "anyone in the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) +The "world" is a metonym for the people who live in the world. Alternate translation: "the people who live in the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) diff --git a/rom/03/07.md b/rom/03/07.md index 196e40cfe3..a41adf95b7 100644 --- a/rom/03/07.md +++ b/rom/03/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ # But if the truth of God through my lie provides abundant praise for him, why am I still being judged as a sinner? -Here Paul imagines someone continuing to reject the Christian gospel. That adversary argues, because his sin shows the righteousness of God, then God should not declare that he is a sinner on judgment day if, for example, he tells lies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) +Here Paul imagines someone continuing to reject the Christian gospel. That adversary argues that because his sin shows the righteousness of God, then God should not declare that he is a sinner on judgment day if, for example, he tells lies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) diff --git a/rom/03/08.md b/rom/03/08.md index 51e696ebb5..b0c9205402 100644 --- a/rom/03/08.md +++ b/rom/03/08.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # Why not say ... come"? -Here Paul raises a question of his own, to show how ridiculous the argument of his imaginary adversary is. Alternate translation: "I might as well be saying ... come!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) +Here Paul raises a question of his own, to show how ridiculous the argument of his imaginary adversary is. Alternate translation: "I might as well be saying ... come!'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) # as we are falsely reported to say -"some lie to tell others that this is what we are saying" +"as some lie to others, claiming that this what we are saying"" # The judgment on them is just -It will be only fair when God condemns these enemies of Paul, for telling lies about what Paul has been teaching. +It will be only fair when God condemns these enemies of Paul for telling lies about what Paul has been teaching. diff --git a/rom/03/11.md b/rom/03/11.md index 2e36168ceb..1930ca32c6 100644 --- a/rom/03/11.md +++ b/rom/03/11.md @@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ There is no one who understands what is right. Alternate translation: "No one re # There is no one who seeks after God -Here the phrase "seeks after God" means to have a relationship with God. Alternate translation: "No one sincerely tries to have a right relationship with God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) +Here the phrase "seeks after God" means tries to have a relationship with God. Alternate translation: "No one sincerely tries to have a right relationship with God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) diff --git a/rom/03/13.md b/rom/03/13.md index 58569445a9..80355342e6 100644 --- a/rom/03/13.md +++ b/rom/03/13.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ The word "their" refers to the "Jews and Greeks" of [Romans 3:9](../03/09.md). # Their throat is an open grave -The word "throat" is a metonym for everything that people say that is unrighteous and disgusting. Here "open grave" is a metaphor that refers to the stench of the evil words of the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) +The word "throat" is a metonym for everything that people say. Here "open grave" is a metaphor that refers to the stench of dead bodies, a metaphor for the evil words of the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) # Their tongues have deceived diff --git a/rom/03/18.md b/rom/03/18.md index dfe5553d07..330e05e192 100644 --- a/rom/03/18.md +++ b/rom/03/18.md @@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ This word refers to the Jews and Greeks in [Romans 3:9](../03/09.md). # There is no fear of God before their eyes -Here "fear" is a metonym that represents respect for God and willingness to honor him. Alternate translation: "Everyone refuses to give God the respect he deserves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) +Here "fear" is a metonym that represents respect for God and willingness to honor him. Alternate translation: "They refuse to give God the respect he deserves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) diff --git a/rom/03/26.md b/rom/03/26.md index cd255e8e84..ba951656f9 100644 --- a/rom/03/26.md +++ b/rom/03/26.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # This all happened for the demonstration of his righteousness at this present time -"He did this to show how God makes people right with himself" +"God did now this to show how he makes people right with himself" # This was so he could prove himself just, and to show that he justifies anyone because of faith in Jesus diff --git a/rom/03/27.md b/rom/03/27.md index 18127874dc..84b2dd0575 100644 --- a/rom/03/27.md +++ b/rom/03/27.md @@ -2,7 +2,15 @@ Paul asks this question to show that there is no reason for people to boast about obeying the law. Alternate translation: "So there is no way that we can boast that God favors us because we obeyed those laws. Boasting is excluded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) +# It is excluded + +This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "God does not allow it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) + # On what grounds? Of works? No, but on the grounds of faith -Paul asks and answers these rhetorical questions to emphasize that each point he is making is certainly true. You can translate this by including the words that Paul implies, and by using an active form. Alternate translation: "On what grounds should we exclude boasting? Should we exclude it because of our good works? No, rather, we should exclude it because of faith" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) +You may need to fill in the words omitted in the ellipsis. Alternate translation: "On what grounds is boasting excluded? Is it excluded on grounds of works? No, it is excluded on the grounds of faith" You can also translate using active forms. Alternate translation: "On what grounds does God exclude boasting? Does he exclude it on the grounds of works? No, he excludes on the grounds of faith" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) + +# On what grounds? Of works? + +Paul asks these questions to get his readers ready to receive the point he is making. Alternate translation: "Let me tell you on what grounds. It is not on the grounds of works." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) diff --git a/rom/03/28.md b/rom/03/28.md index 30da48816a..794dab9457 100644 --- a/rom/03/28.md +++ b/rom/03/28.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # a person is justified by faith -Here "faith" is an abstract noun that refers to the person believing in God. The "person" here is any person. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "God justifies any person who believes in God" or "when God justifies a person, he does so because the person believes in God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) +This can be translated in active form. Here the words "by faith" refers to either 1) the means by which God justifies a person. Alternate translation: "God justifies a person through that person's faith" Or 2) the reason for which God justifies a person. Alternate translation: "God justifies a person because he has faith" Faith is not the actor that justifies a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) # without works of the law diff --git a/rom/03/31.md b/rom/03/31.md index 5086cabd57..be55800aba 100644 --- a/rom/03/31.md +++ b/rom/03/31.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Paul asks a question that one of his readers might have. Alternate translation: # May it never be -This expression gives the strongest possible negative answer to the preceding rhetorical question. You may have a similar express in your language that you could use here. Alternate translation: "This is certainly not true" or "Certainly not" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) +This expression gives the strongest possible negative answer to the preceding rhetorical question. You may have a similar express in your language that you could use here. Alternate translation: "This is certainly not true" or "Certainly not" # we uphold the law diff --git a/rom/03/intro.md b/rom/03/intro.md index b1933c109f..8877f25b56 100644 --- a/rom/03/intro.md +++ b/rom/03/intro.md @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ Obeying the law cannot make a person right with God. Obeying God's law is a way #### Important figures of speech in this chapter #### ##### Rhetorical Questions ##### -Paul frequently uses rhetorical questions in this chapter. It appears the intent of these rhetorical questions is to make the reader see their sin so they will trust in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/guilt]]) +Paul frequently uses rhetorical questions in this chapter. It appears the intent of these rhetorical questions is to make the readers see their sin so they will trust in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/guilt]]) ## Links: ##