diff --git a/jit/figs-distinguish/01.md b/jit/figs-distinguish/01.md index 679b6f7..bc43218 100644 --- a/jit/figs-distinguish/01.md +++ b/jit/figs-distinguish/01.md @@ -20,33 +20,38 @@ With the comma, the sentence is giving more information: ### Examples from the Bible -#### Words and phrases that are used to distinguish one item from other possible items +**Words and phrases that are used to distinguish one item from other possible items** These usually do not cause a problem in translation. ->The curtain is to separate the holy place from the most holy place. (Exodus 26:33 ULB) - -The words "holy" and "most holy" distinguish two different places from each other and from any other place. - >A foolish son is a grief to his father, and bitterness to the woman who bore him. (Proverbs 17:25 ULB) -The phrase "who bore him" distinguishes which woman the son is bitterness to. He is not bitterness to all women, but to his mother. +* The phrase "who bore him" distinguishes which woman the son is bitterness to. He is not bitterness to all women, but to his mother. -#### Words and phrases that are used to give added information or a reminder about an item +>The curtain is to separate the holy place from the most holy place. (Exodus 26:33 ULB) + +* The words "holy" and "most holy" distinguish two different places from each other and from any other place. + + +**Words and phrases that are used to give added information or a reminder about an item** These are a translation issue for languages that do not use these. ->Your righteous judgments are good. (Psalm 119:39 ULB) - -The word "righteous" simply reminds us that God's judgments are righteous. It does not distinguish his righteous judgements from his unrighteous judgements, because all of his judgments are righteous. - >How can Sarah, who is ninety years old, bear a son? (Genesis 17:17 ULB) -The phrase "who is ninety years old" is the reason that Abraham did not think that Sarah could bear a son. He was not distinguishing one woman named Sarah from another woman named Sarah who was a different age, and he was not telling anyone something new about her age. He simply did not think that a woman who was that old could bear a child. +* The phrase "who is ninety years old" is the reason that Abraham did not think that Sarah could bear a son. He was not distinguishing one woman named Sarah from another woman named Sarah who was a different age, and he was not telling anyone something new about her age. He simply did not think that a woman who was that old could bear a child. ->I will wipe away mankind whom I have created from the surface of the earth. (Genesis 6:7 ULB) +>I will call on Yahweh, who is worthy to be praised. (2 Samuel 22:4 ULB) -The phrase "whom I have created from the surface of the earth" is a reminder of the relationship between God and mankind. It is the reason God had the right to wipe away mankind. There is not another mankind. +* The phrase "who is worthy to be praised" is the speaker's reason for calling on Yahweh. + +> I hate those who serve worthless idols (Psalm 31:6 ULB) + +* By saying "worthless idols," David was commenting about all idols and giving his reason for hating those who serve them. He was not distinguishing worthless idols from valuable idols. + +>Your righteous judgments are good. (Psalm 119:39 ULB) + +* The word "righteous" simply reminds us that God's judgments are righteous. It does not distinguish his righteous judgements from his unrighteous judgements, because all of his judgments are righteous. ### Translation Strategies @@ -58,17 +63,16 @@ If people would understand the purpose of a phrase with a noun, then consider ke ### Examples of Translation Strategies Applied 1. Put the information in another part of the sentence and add words that show its purpose. - * **I hate those who serve worthless idols** (Psalm 31:6 ULB) - By saying "worthless idols," David was commenting about all idols and giving his reason for hating those who serve them. He was not distinguishing worthless idols from valuable idols. + * **How can Sarah, who is ninety years old, bear a son?** (Genesis 17:17-18 ULB) + * Can Sarah bear a son even when she is ninety years old? + * **I will call on Yahweh, who is worthy to be praised.** (2 Samuel 22:4 ULB) + * I will call on Yahweh, because he is worthy to be praised. + * **I hate those who serve worthless idols** (Psalm 31:6 ULB) * Because idols are worthless, I hate those who serve them. * **Your righteous judgments are good.** (Psalm 119:39 ULB) - * Your judgments are good because they are righteous. - * **How can Sarah, who is ninety years old, bear a son?** (Genesis 17:17-18 ULB) - The phrase "who is ninety years old" is a reminder of Sarah's age. It tells why Abraham was asking the question. He did not expect that a woman who was that old could bear a child. - * Can Sarah bear a son even when she is ninety years old? - * **I will call on Yahweh, who is worthy to be praised.** (2 Samuel 22:4 ULB) - There is only one Yahweh. The phrase "who is worthy to be praised" gives a reason for calling on Yahweh. - * I will call on Yahweh, because he is worthy to be praised. + * Your judgments are good because they are righteous. 1. Use one of your language's ways for expressing that this is additional information. * **You are my Son, whom I love. I am pleased with you.** (Luke 3:22 ULB) * You are my Son. I love you and I am pleased with you. - * Receiving my love, you are my Son. I am pleased with you.