# bowed down, and kissed him

These symbolic acts were the normal way that people showed great respect and devotion in that culture. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

# for Israel's sake

The word "Israel" represents the Israelite people. AT: "in order to help the Israelite people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

# all the hardships that had come to them

Moses writes of hardships happening to them as if hardships had come to them. AT: "all the hardships that had happened to them" or "all the hardships they had experienced" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])