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#### Outline of the Book of Jonah #### #### Outline of the Book of Jonah ####
1. Jonah tries to run away from Yahweh 1. Jonah tries to run away from Yahweh (1:1-2:10)
- Jonah's first call from Yahweh to go to Nineveh and his disobedience (1:1–3) - Jonah disobeys Yahweh's first call to go to Nineveh (1:1–3)
- Jonah and the Gentile sailors (1:4–16) - Jonah and the Gentile sailors (1:4–16)
- Yahweh provides a large fish to swallow Jonah (1:17) - Yahweh provides a large fish to swallow Jonah (1:17)
- Jonah's prayer from inside the large fish and his rescue (2:1–10) - Jonah prays from inside the fish and is rescued (2:1–10)
- Jonah's experience in Nineveh 1. Jonah in Nineveh (3:1-4:11)
- Jonah is called by God a second time to go to Nineveh, and he begins to proclaim God's message (3:1–4) - Yahweh again calls Jonah to go to Nineveh, and Jonah proclaims Yahweh's message (3:1–4)
- All the people in Nineveh repent (3:5) - Nineveh repents (3:5-9)
- The proclamation of the king of Nineveh (3:6–9)
- Yahweh decides not to destroy Nineveh (3:10) - Yahweh decides not to destroy Nineveh (3:10)
- Jonah is very angry at Yahweh (4:1–3) - Jonah is very angry at Yahweh (4:1–3)
- Yahweh teaches Jonah about grace and mercy (4:4–11) - Yahweh teaches Jonah about grace and mercy (4:4–11)
#### What is the Book of Jonah about? #### #### What is the Book of Jonah about? ####
This book is a narrative about the prophet Jonah. The purpose of this book is to tell how God showed mercy and grace to Gentiles. Jonah, son of Amittai, was a prophet from Gath Hepher (2 Kings 14:25). This book tells about what happened to Jonah. It tells how Yahweh shows mercy and grace to Gentiles. It also tells how the Ninevites repented and called out to Yahweh for mercy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]], and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])
It also tells how the Ninevites were willing to repent and to call out to Yahweh for mercy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]], and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])
God sent Jonah to warn the people of Nineveh that he was about to punish them. God said that if they would repent he would not harm them. However, Jonah was an Israeite and he did not want God to forgive the Ninevites. So, he tried to sail away in the opposite direction instead of doing what God told him to do. But, God stopped him by sending a large fish to swallow him. Yahweh sent Jonah to warn the people of Nineveh that he was ready to punish them. Yahweh said that if they would repent he would not harm them. However, Jonah was an Israelite and he did not want Yahweh to forgive the Ninevites. So he tried to sail away in the opposite direction instead of doing what Yahweh told him to do. But Yahweh stopped him by sending a storm and a large fish to swallow him.
Eventually, Jonah repented and went to warn the Ninevites. As a result, God taught him a lesson about his love for all human beings, not just the Israelites. Jonah repented and warned the Ninevites. As a result, Yahweh taught him that he is concerned about all people, not just the Israelites.
#### How should the title of this book be translated? #### #### How should the title of this book be translated? ####
Translators may decide to translate this traditional title "The Book of Jonah" in a way that is clearer to the readers. They may decide to call it, "The Book about Jonah." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) This book is traditionally titled "The Book of Jonah" or just "Jonah." Translators may decide to use a clearer title such as "The Book about Jonah." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
#### Who wrote the Book of Jonah? #### #### Who wrote the Book of Jonah? ####
The author of the Book of Jonah is unknown. The prophet Jonah lived in the northern kingdom of Israel. He prophesied sometime between 800-750 B.C. during the reign of King Jeroboam II. Jonah was probably involved in the writing of this book. However, scholars do not know who actually wrote it.
Jonah lived in the northern kingdom of Israel. He prophesied sometime between 800 and 750 B.C. during the reign of King Jeroboam II.
## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts ## ## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts ##
#### What was the nation of Assyria? #### #### What was the nation of Assyria? ####
During the time of Jonah, Assyria was the most powerful kingdom in the ancient Near East. It was known for its cruelty to its enemies. Eventually, God punished the Assyrians for the wicked things they did. During the time of Jonah, Assyria was the most powerful kingdom in the ancient Near East. Nineveh was the capital city of Assyria.
Assyria was cruel to its enemies. Eventually, Yahweh punished the Assyrians for the wicked things they did.
#### Did Assyria convert to Judaism? #### #### Did Assyria convert to Judaism? ####
Some scholars think that the Assyrians started worshipping Yahweh alone. However, most scholars think they continued to worship other false gods. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) Some scholars think that the Assyrians started worshiping Yahweh alone. However, most scholars think they continued to worship other false gods. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])