PDF Exodus 1-15

exo/01/13.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# severely forced the Israelites to serve
+# severely forced the people of Israel to serve
 
-"harshly forced the Israelites work"
+"harshly forced the people of Israel to work"
 

exo/03/07.md

@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
-# taskmasters
+# their outcry
+
+Here the "outcry" is of pain because of the hard work the Egyptians were forcing the Israelites to do.
+
+# their taskmasters
 
 Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work. See how you translated this in [Exodus 1:11](../01/11.md).
 

exo/03/09.md

@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
-# the shouts of the people of Israel have come to me
+# the outcry of the people of Israel has come to me
 
-Here the word "shouts" are spoken of as if they were persons who are capable of moving on their own. Alternate translation: "I have heard the cries of the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]])
+Here the word "outcry" is spoken of as if it were a person capable of moving on his own. Alternate translation: "I have heard the outcry of the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]])
+
+# the outcry
+
+Here the "outcry" is of pain because of the hard work the Egyptians were forcing the Israelites to do. See how you translated "outcry" in [Exodus 3:7](../03/07.md). 
 

exo/04/31.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-# had observed the Israelites
+# had observed the people of Israel
 
-"saw the Israelites" or "was concerned about the Israelites"
+"saw the people of Israel" or "was concerned about the people of Israel"
 
 # they bowed down
 

exo/06/06.md

@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
-# say to the Israelites
+# say to the people of Israel
 
-This is a command from Yahweh to Moses. "Yahweh told Moses to say to the Israelites"
+This is a command from Yahweh to Moses. "Yahweh told Moses to say to the people of Israel"
+
+# mighty acts of judgment
+
+These "acts of judgment" will be acts with which Yahweh will punish the Egyptians.
 

exo/06/12.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# If the Israelites have not listened to me, why will Pharaoh listen to me, since I am not good at speaking?
+# If the people of Israel have not listened to me, why will Pharaoh listen to me, since I am not good at speaking?
 
-Moses asked this question hoping God would change his mind about using Moses. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Since the Israelites did not listen to me, neither will Pharaoh, because I am not good at speaking!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]])
+Moses asked this question hoping God would change his mind about using Moses. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "The people of Israel did not listen to me, so I can be sure that Pharaoh will not listen to me either because I am not good at speaking!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]])
 

exo/07/04.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 The words "my hand" represent God's great power. Alternate translation: "use my power against" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
 
-# by great judgments
+# great acts of judgment
 
-The word "judgments" is a metonym for the punishment that comes after the judge, Yahweh, declares Pharaoh guilty. Alternate translation: "by punishing the Egyptians" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
+These "acts of judgment" will be acts with which Yahweh will punish the Egyptians. See how you translated this in [Exodus 6:6](../06/06.md).
 

exo/09/04.md

@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+# set ... apart
+
+See how you translated this idea in [Exodus 8:22](../08/22.md).
+
 # livestock of Israel
 
 Here "Israel" refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "the livestock belonging to the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])

exo/10/10.md

@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
 # May Yahweh indeed be with you, if I ever let you go and your little ones go
 
-Pharaoh said this to emphasize that he would not let the Israelites take the children with them to worship Yahweh. When he said, "May Yahweh indeed be with you," he may have been warning Moses that the Israelites would need Yahweh to protect them from Pharaoh.  (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]])
+Pharaoh said this to emphasize that he would not let the Israelites take the women and children with them to worship Yahweh. When he said, "May Yahweh indeed be with you," he may have been warning Moses that the Israelites would need Yahweh to protect them from Pharaoh.  (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]])
+
+# little ones
+
+This phrase is a synecdoche for everyone in the family except the man (the father and husband), including wives, children, and servants.
 

exo/10/24.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# General Information:
+# little ones
 
-This page has intentionally been left blank.
+This phrase is a synecdoche for everyone in the family except the man (the father and husband), including wives, children, and servants. See how you translated this in [Exodus 10:10](../10/10.md).
 

exo/11/06.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# General Information:
+# great outcry
 
-This page has intentionally been left blank.
+Here the "outcry" is of pain and grief over the death of the children. See how you translated "outcry" in [Exodus 3:7](../03/07.md). 
 

exo/11/07.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# General Information:
+# making a distinction between
 
-This page has intentionally been left blank.
+He is setting the Israelites apart from the Egyptians. The words "making a distinction" translate the same Hebrew word as "set ... apart" in [Exodus 8:22](../08/22.md), so if your language has a word or phrase for both ideas, you may want to use it there and here.
 

exo/12/12.md

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-# I will bring punishment on all the gods of Egypt
+# I will do acts of judgment on all
+
+"I will bring judgment on all" or "I will punish all." These "acts of judgment" will be acts with which Yahweh will punish the gods of Egypt. See how you translated this in [Exodus 6:6](../06/06.md). 
 
-This can be stated with a verbal form. Alternate translation: "I will punish all the gods of Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]])
 

exo/12/17.md

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-# because it was on this day that I brought your divisions out of the land of Egypt
+# because it was on this day that I brought your hosts out of the land of Egypt
 
-God was about to bring his people out of Egypt, and he was giving them instructions about what they should do on that day and again later as they remembered that day. Alternate translation: "because it is on this day that I will have brought your divisions out of the land of Egypt" or "for it will remind you that it was on this day that I brought your divisions out of the land of Egypt"
+God was about to bring his people out of Egypt, and he was giving them instructions about what they should do on that day and again later as they remembered that day. Alternate translation: "because it is on this day that I will have brought your hosts out of the land of Egypt" or "for it will remind you that it was on this day that I brought your hosts out of the land of Egypt"
 
-# your divisions
+# your hosts
 
-A division is a military term referring to a large number of soldiers. God speaks of the many people of Israel as they were an army of many soldiers. Alternate translation: "your armies" or "your tribes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
+A host is a military term referring to a large number of soldiers. God speaks of the many people of Israel as they were an army of many soldiers. Alternate translation: "your armies" or "your tribes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
 

exo/12/29.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Here, "firstborn" always refers to the oldest male offspring. See how you transl
 
 This refers to Pharaoh.
 
-# the firstborn of the person in prison
+# the firstborn of the person in the dungeon
 
-"to the firstborn of people in prison." This refers to prisoners, in general, and not to a specific person in prison.
+"to the firstborn of people in the dungeon." This refers to prisoners in general, not to a specific person in the dungeon.
 

exo/12/30.md

@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
-# There was loud lamenting in Egypt
+# There was a loud outcry in Egypt
 
 This can be stated with a verbal form. Alternate translation: "All the Egyptians cried loudly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]])
 
+# loud outcry
+
+Here the "outcry" is of pain and grief over the death of the children. See how you translated "outcry" in [Exodus 3:7](../03/07.md). 
+
 # for there was not a house where there was not someone dead
 
 This double negative emphasizes the positive. Alternate translation: "because someone was dead in every house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]])

exo/12/37.md

@@ -6,3 +6,7 @@ Rameses was a major Egyptian city where grain was stored. See how you translated
 
 "They numbered about six hundred thousand men." The total number of men was about 600,000. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]])
 
+# little ones
+
+This phrase is a synecdoche for everyone in the family except the man (the father and husband), including wives, children, and servants. See how you translated this in [Exodus 10:10](../10/10.md).
+

exo/12/42.md

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-# to be observed by all the Israelites
+# to be observed by all the people of Israel
 
-This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that all the Israelites were to observe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
+This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that all the people of Israel were to observe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
 
-# all the Israelites throughout their people's generations
+# all the people of Israel throughout their people's generations
 
-"all the Israelites and the all the generations of their descendants"
+"all the people of Israel and the all the generations of their descendants"
 

exo/14/03.md

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-# Pharaoh will say about the Israelites, 'They are wandering in the land. The wilderness has closed in on them.'
+# Pharaoh will say about the people of Israel, 'They are wandering confused in the land. The wilderness has closed in on them.'
 
-This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "Pharaoh will say the Israelites are wandering in the land and the wilderness has closed in on them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]])
+This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "Pharaoh will say that the people of Israel are wandering confused in the land and that the wilderness has closed in on them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]])
 
 # The wilderness has closed in on them
 
-Pharaoh speaks of the wilderness as a person who has trapped the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]])
+Pharaoh speaks of the wilderness as a person who has trapped the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]])
 

exo/14/24.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# He caused panic among the Egyptians
+# He threw the Egyptians into confusion
 
-Panic is when someone becomes so afraid that they cannot think normally.
+The Egyptians were so afraid that they could not think normally.
 

exo/16/02.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# The whole community of Israelites complained
+# The whole community of the people of Israel complained
 
 "All the Israelites complained." This is a generalization. Moses and Aaron did not complain. Alternate translation: "The Israelites complained" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]])
 

exo/20/22.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-# This is what you must tell the Israelites
+# This is what you must tell the people of Israel
 
-"Tell the Israelites this"
+"Tell the people of Israel this"
 
 # You yourselves have seen that I have talked with you from heaven
 

exo/22/23.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# General Information:
+# their outcry
 
-This page has intentionally been left blank.
+Here the "outcry" is of people in pain because they are being oppressed. See how you translated "outcry" in [Exodus 3:7](../03/07.md). 
 

exo/24/11.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# God did not lay a hand on the Israelite leaders
+# God did not lay a hand on the leaders of the people of Israel
 
-This means that God did not harm the leaders. Alternate translation: "God did not harm the Israelite leaders" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
+This means that God did not harm the leaders. Alternate translation: "God did not harm the leaders of the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
 

exo/24/17.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 This means the glory of Yahweh was very large and seemed to burn brightly like a fire. Alternate translation: "like a big fire burning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]])
 
-# in the eyes of the Israelites
+# in the eyes of the people of Israel
 
-Their eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents their thoughts or judgment about they saw. Alternate translation: "to the Israelites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
+Their eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents their thoughts or judgment about they saw. Alternate translation: "to the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
 

exo/30/12.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 Possible meanings are 1) "you" refers to just Moses or 2) "you" refers to Moses and the leaders of Israel in future generations when they take a census. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]])
 
-# a census of the Israelites
+# a census of the people of Israel
 
-The leaders only counted the Israelite men.
+The leaders only counted the males of Israel.
 

exo/30/16.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# It must be a reminder to the Israelites before me, to make atonement for your lives
+# It must be a reminder to the people of Israel before me, to make atonement for your lives
 
-Possible meanings are 1) "It will remind the Israelites to make atonement for their lives" or 2) "It will remind the Israelites that they have made atonement for their lives."
+Possible meanings are 1) "It will remind the people of Israel to make atonement for their lives" or 2) "It will remind the people of Israel that they have made atonement for their lives."
 

exo/33/16.md

@@ -10,6 +10,10 @@ This can be expressed with an active form. Alternate translation: how will peopl
 
 Moses used this question in order to emphasize that if God does not go with them, no one will know that Moses had found favor in God's sight. Alternate translation: "no one will know ... people." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]])
 
+# I and your people will be distinct
+
+"everyone will know that I and your people are different." The words "be distinct" translate the same Hebrew word as "set ... apart" in [Exodus 8:22](../08/22.md), so if your language has one word or phrase for both ideas, you may want to use it there and here.
+
 # Will it not only be if
 
 "Will it not only be known if"

jdg/03/02.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# He did this to teach warfare to the new generation of the Israelites who had not known it before
+# He did this to teach warfare to the new generation of the people of Israel who had not known it before
 
-This changes from the main story. The narrator gives background information about why Yahweh left some of the people groups in Canaan. Alternate translation: "Yahweh left nations among the Israelites to teach the young men who had not fought in battle before how to fight" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]])
+This changes from the main story. The narrator gives background information about why Yahweh left some of the people groups in Canaan. Alternate translation: "Yahweh left nations among the people of Israel to teach the young men who had not fought in battle before how to fight" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]])
 

jdg/03/12.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. See how you tran
 
 The abstract noun "strength" can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "Yahweh made Eglon king of Moab strong" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]])
 
-# to Eglon king of Moab to overpower the Israelites
+# to Eglon king of Moab to overpower Israel
 
 Here "Eglon king of Moab" represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: "to Eglon king of Moab and his soldiers as they attacked the Israelite army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]])
 
@@ -14,3 +14,7 @@ Here "Eglon king of Moab" represents himself and his army. Alternate translation
 
 This is the name of a king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
 
+# to overpower Israel
+
+The name "Israel" here is a metonym for the army or the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "to defeat the army of Israel" or "to conquer the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
+

num/31/02.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-# Take vengeance on the Midianites for what they did to the Israelites
+# Take vengeance on the Midianites for what they did to the people of Israel
 
-Yahweh was punishing the Midianites for convincing the Israelites to worship idols.
+Yahweh was punishing the Midianites for convincing the people of Israel to worship idols.
 
 # you will die and be gathered to your people