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# outwardly
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This refers to Jewish rituals, such as circumcision, which people can see.
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# merely outward in the flesh
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This refers to the physical change to a man's body when someone circumcises him.
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# flesh
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This is a synecdoche for the whole body. AT: "body" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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# he is a Jew who is one inwardly, and circumcision is that of the heart
These two phrases have similar meanings. The first phrase, "he is a Jew who is one inwardly," explains the second phrase, "circumcision is that of the heart." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
# inwardly
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This refers to the values and motivations of the person whom God has transformed.
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# of the heart
Here "heart" is a metonym for the inner person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
# in the Spirit, not in the letter
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Here "letter" is a synecdoche that refers to written Scripture. AT: "through the work of the Holy Spirit, not because you know the Scriptures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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# in the Spirit
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This refers to the internal, spiritual part of a person that "God's Spirit" changes .
# translationWords
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* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/jew]]
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* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/circumcise]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/flesh]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/praise]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/peoplegroup]]
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