# Joshua 9

## Joshua 9:1

### the Jordan

a shortened name for the Jordan River (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

## Joshua 9:2

### under one command

Here "command" represents the one who commanded them. Being under him represents obeying his commands. Alternate translation: "obeying the commands of one leader" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])

## Joshua 9:3

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## Joshua 9:4

### cunning plan

a crafty scheme intended to trick Joshua and the Israelites

## Joshua 9:5

### dry and moldy

"dry and filled with fungus" or "stale and ruined"

## Joshua 9:6

### men of Israel

This refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]])

## Joshua 9:7

### the Hivites

This is another name for the Gibeonites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

### Perhaps you live near us. How can we make a covenant with you?

Joshua is emphasizing that the people of Israel have to follow the command of Yahweh above all else. Alternate translation: "If you do live near us, we cannot make a covenant with you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]])

## Joshua 9:8

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## Joshua 9:9

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## Joshua 9:10

### Sihon

This is the name of the defeated Amorite king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

### Heshbon

This is the name of the royal city of the nation of Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

### Og

This is the name of the defeated king of Bashan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

### Ashtaroth

This is the name of a city known for worshiping the goddess of the same name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

## Joshua 9:11

### in your hand

This phrase means "take with you." Here the word "hand" represents the possession by the Gibeonites of the provisions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]])

### meet them and say to them

The word "them" refers to the people of Israel.

## Joshua 9:12

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## Joshua 9:13

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## Joshua 9:14

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## Joshua 9:15

### Joshua made peace with them and made a covenant with them, to let them live. The leaders of the people also made a vow to them.

These two sentences are saying that the same thing occurred. Joshua, the leader of the nation of Israel, promised not to kill the Gibeonites. The leaders of the nation of Israel, likewise, made the same covenant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]])

### the people

Here this refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])

## Joshua 9:16

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## Joshua 9:17

### third day

This refers to number three in order. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]])

### Kephirah

This is one of the cities of the Gibeonites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

### Beeroth

This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

### Kiriath Jearim

This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

## Joshua 9:18

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## Joshua 9:19

### the people

Here this phrase refers to the nation of Israel.

## Joshua 9:20

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## Joshua 9:21

### the Gibeonites became cutters of wood and drawers of water

"the Gibeonites became woodcutters and water carriers"

## Joshua 9:22

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## Joshua 9:23

### house of my God

Here this phrase refers to the dwelling place of Yahweh, the Tabernacle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])

## Joshua 9:24

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## Joshua 9:25

### Whatever seems good and right

The words "good" and "right" mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: "Whatever seems fair and just" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]])

## Joshua 9:26

### for them

The word "them" here refers to the Gibeonites.

## Joshua 9:27

### to this day

"even up to now." This means that the people had continued to do these things even up to the day that the writer was living.