PDF Isaiah 46-50

isa/02/16.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# ships of Tarshish ... beautiful sailing vessels
+# ships of Tarshish ... delightful sailing vessels
 
 These refer to large boats that people used to travel far on the sea and bring back goods to the cities.
 
@@ -6,3 +6,7 @@ These refer to large boats that people used to travel far on the sea and bring b
 
 "ships on which they go to Tarshish"
 
+# delightful
+
+"beautiful" or "desirable"
+

isa/47/12.md

@@ -2,7 +2,11 @@
 
 Yahweh continues to speak to Babylon about her downfall as if she were a queen who is humiliated. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]])
 
-# Persist in casting your spells ... perhaps you will scare away disaster
+# Persist in casting your spells ... perhaps you will cause trembling
 
 Yahweh mocks Babylon by telling her to continue to practice her sorcery to keep bad things away, but he knows that it will not help her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-irony]])
 
+# cause trembling
+
+The one whom Babylon would cause to tremble in fear is probably the personification of disaster. Babylon would be trying to keep disaster away or to avoid suffering disaster. Alternate translation: "cause disaster to tremble in fear and stay away" or "keep yourselves from suffering disaster" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
+

isa/48/17.md

@@ -14,3 +14,6 @@ See how you translated this phrase in [Isaiah 1:4](../01/04.md).
 
 Yahweh teaching the people how they should live is spoken of as if he were leading them to walk on the correct paths. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
 
+# to profit
+
+to succeed

isa/48/18.md

@@ -2,11 +2,15 @@
 
 Yahweh describes something that could have happened but did not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hypo]])
 
-# Then your peace and prosperity would have flowed like a river, and your salvation like the waves of the sea
+# Then your peace and prosperity would have flowed like a river, and your righteousness like the waves of the sea
 
 These two phrases share similar meanings. In both, Yahweh speaks of Israel's experiencing abundant blessings as if those blessings flowed like water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]])
 
-# your salvation like the waves of the sea
+# your righteousness like the waves of the sea
 
-The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "your salvation would have flowed like the waves of the sea" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]])
+The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "your righteousness would have flowed like the waves of the sea" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]])
+
+# righteousness
+
+This is probably a metonym for the salvation that come from righteousness. Alternate translation: "salvation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
 

isa/48/19.md

@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
 
 Yahweh continues telling Israel what would have happened if they had obeyed his commandments, but they had not obeyed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hypo]])
 
-# Your descendants would have been as numerous as the sand, and the children from your womb as numerous as the grains of sand
+# Your descendants would have been as numerous as the sand, and the offspring from your womb as numerous as the grains of sand
 
 These both mean that the people would have had more descendants than they could count. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]])
 
-# the children from your womb
+# the offspring from your womb
 
 Yahweh speaks of the descendants of the people of Israel as if they were children to which the nation gives birth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
 

isa/49/13.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Sing, heavens, and be joyful, earth; break into singing, you mountains!
+# Sing, heavens, and be joyful, earth; break into joyful shouting, you mountains!
 
 Isaiah turns his attention from the people of Israel and speaks to the heavens, earth, and mountains as if they were people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-apostrophe]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]])
 

isa/49/17.md

@@ -2,3 +2,7 @@
 
 Yahweh speaks of the people who are returning to live in Jerusalem as if they were the city's children. Alternate translation: "Your inhabitants are hurrying back" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
 
+# destroyed you and made you desolate
+
+This is a doublet. Alternate translation: "completely destroyed you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]])
+

isa/49/21.md

@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
 
 Yahweh continues speaking to Zion as if it were a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]])
 
+# say in your heart
+
+Here the word "heart" is a metonym for the whole person. Alternate translation: "say to yourself" or "ask yourself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
+
 # Who has borne these children for me?
 
 Zion speaks of the people who are returning to inhabit the city as if those people were her children. Zion's question expresses her surprise that so many children now belong to her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]])

isa/49/22.md

@@ -10,7 +10,11 @@ These two clauses mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: "I will
 
 See how you translated this in [Isaiah 5:26](../05/26.md).
 
-# They will bring your sons in their arms and carry your daughters on their shoulders
+# They will bring your sons in their bosoms and carry your daughters on their shoulders
 
 Yahweh speaks of the people who will inhabit Jerusalem as if they were the city's children. He also speaks of the people of other nations helping the Israelites to return to Jerusalem as if they were carrying the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
 
+# bosoms
+
+The word "bosom" refers to the chest, shoulders, and arms.
+

isa/49/24.md

@@ -2,11 +2,15 @@
 
 Yahweh continues speaking to Zion as if it were a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]])
 
-# Can the spoils be taken from the warrior, or captives be rescued from the fierce?
+# Can the booty be taken from the warrior, or captives be rescued from the ruthless?
 
-Isaiah uses a question to express the difficulty of taking anything from a mighty soldier or a very strong warrior. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "A person cannot take the spoils from a warrior or rescue captives from fierce soldiers." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
+Isaiah uses a question to express the difficulty of taking anything from a mighty soldier or a very strong warrior. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "A person cannot take the booty from a warrior or rescue captives from ruthless soldiers." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
 
-# spoils
+# booty
 
 valuable items taken from the losers in a battle
 
+# the ruthless
+
+This nominal adjective refers to any ruthless person, not to one particular ruthless person. Alternate translation: "ruthless people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]])
+

isa/49/25.md

@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
-# the captives will be taken away from the warrior, and spoils will be rescued
+# the captives will be taken away from the warrior, and booty will be rescued
 
-Yahweh says that he will do what is usually impossible for people to do. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will take the captives from the warrior, and I will rescue the spoils" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
+Yahweh says that he will do what is usually impossible for people to do. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will take the captives from the warrior, and I will rescue the booty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
+
+# the ruthless
+
+This nominal adjective refers to any ruthless person, not to one particular ruthless person. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 49:24](../49/24.md). Alternate translation: "ruthless people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]])
 
 # I will ... save your children
 

isa/50/01.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Yahweh speaks of sending the people into exile as if he were selling them. (See:
 
 Yahweh asks this question to emphasize that he did not sell them because he owed a debt to a creditor. It is implied that this is what the people had thought. Alternate translation: "I did not sell you because I owed a debt to someone." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]])
 
-# you were sold because of your sins, and because of your rebellion, your mother was sent away
+# you were sold because of your iniquities, and because of your rebellion your mother was sent away
 
 Yahweh gives the reason for sending the people into exile, which he speaks of as if he had sold them and divorced their mother. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I sold you because of your sins, and I divorced your mother because of your rebellion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])