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## Characteristics of the ULB
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## Characteristics of the ULB
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The ULB seeks to represent the language forms of the original in a way that also makes sense in English and other Gateway Languages.
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The ULB seeks to represent the language forms of the original in a way that also makes sense in English and other Gateway Languages.
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* The ULB tends to reflect the grammatical structures of the biblical languages.
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* The ULB tends to reflect the grammatical structures of the biblical languages.
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* The ULB tends to reflectthe parts of speech of the biblical languages. For example, it seeks to use nouns where the original language uses nouns, adjectives where the original language uses adjectives, and so forth.
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* The ULB tends to reflect the parts of speech of the biblical languages. For example, it seeks to use nouns where the original language uses nouns, adjectives where the original language uses adjectives, and so forth.
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* The ULB tneds to reflect the semantically complex vocabulary of the original languages.
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* The ULB tends to reflect the semantically complex vocabulary of the original languages.
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* The ULB seeks to reproduce the form of the logical connections in the biblical languages. Thus, for example, the ULB has "the righteousness of faith" in Romans 4:13, and the logical relationship between righteousness and faith is not further specified. (Is it the righteousness that comes by faith? Is it the righteousness that vindicates faith?) All that "the righteousness of faith" explicitly signals is that there is some close association in the text between righteousness and faith, and that we can probably rule out a number of conceivable logical relationships between the two concepts, but not all possible relationships, as the foregoing example illustrates.
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* The ULB seeks to reproduce the form of the logical connections in the biblical languages. Thus, for example, the ULB has "the righteousness of faith" in Romans 4:13, and the logical relationship between righteousness and faith is not further specified. (Is it the righteousness that comes by faith? Is it the righteousness that vindicates faith?) All that "the righteousness of faith" explicitly signals is that there is some close association in the text between righteousness and faith, and that we can probably rule out a number of conceivable logical relationships between the two concepts, but not all possible relationships, as the foregoing example illustrates.
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* The ULB usually reproduces the linear succession of ideas found in the original, even when English may prefer a different arrangement of the same ideas.
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* The ULB usually reproduces the linear succession of ideas found in the original, even when English may prefer a different arrangement of the same ideas.
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* The ULB does not normally present information that is only implied in the original. For example, in Matthew 26:5, "For they were saying, 'Not during the festival, so that a riot does not arise among the people.'" The implied information is, "Let us not arrest Jesus [during the festival]." The ULB does not overtly represent this implied information.
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* The ULB does not normally present information that is only implied in the original. For example, in Matthew 26:5, "For they were saying, 'Not during the festival, so that a riot does not arise among the people.'" The implied information is, "Let us not arrest Jesus [during the festival]." The ULB does not overtly represent this implied information.
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The following are decisions that have been made concerning the ULB. This is not a comprehensive list, but it is here to help those who might wonder why the ULB is as it is.
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The following are decisions that have been made concerning the ULB. This is not a comprehensive list, but it is here to help those who might wonder why the ULB is as it is.
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### ULB Style
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### ULB Style
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The following are details concerning the use of punctuation, capitalization, and vocabulary in the ULB.
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The following are details concerning the use of punctuation, capitalization, and vocabulary in the ULB.
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* Titles are capitalized. (Son of Man, King David, the Messiah).
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* Titles are capitalized. (Son of Man, King David, the Messiah).
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* All pronouns, even those referring to God, are lower case (except when beginning sentences and except for the first singular "I").
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* All pronouns, even those referring to God, are lower case (except when beginning sentences and except for the first singular "I").
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