# he reasoned

"he debated" or "he discussed." This means that his listeners also spoke and asked him questions. He was not the only speaker.

# others who worshiped God

This refers to Gentiles who gave praise to God and followed him but did not obey all of the Jewish laws.

# in the marketplace

"in the public square." This is a public place of business, where buying and selling of goods, cattle, or services take place.