# A container full of sour wine was placed there

You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "Someone had placed there a full container of sour wine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])

# sour wine

"bitter wine"

# they put

Here "they" refers to the Roman guards.

# a sponge

a small object that can soak up and hold much liquid

# on a hyssop staff

"on a branch of a plant called hyssop"