# before your wickedness was revealed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "before you revealed your wickedness" or "before I revealed your wickedness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) # you have become a reproach The word "reproach" is a metonym for the way other people talk about Jerusalem. It is also an abstract noun that can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "now people reproach you" or "now people scorn you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]]) # the daughters of Edom and to all the daughters of the Philistines Here Yahweh speaks of the cities of Edom and Philistia as if they were the daughters of Edom and of the Philistines. The cities represent the people who live there. Alternate translation: "the Edomite people and to all the Philistine people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]) # despise hate very much