# the young son came to himself

This phrase means he began to think clearly. Alternate translation: "he came to his senses" 

# How many of my father's hired servants have more than enough bread

This is part of an exclamation, and not a question. Alternate translation: "All my father's hired servants have more than enough bread to eat"

# bread

The word “bread” refers to food in general. Alternate translation: "food" 

# perishing

"dying"