# who lifts a hand to violate ... or to destroy

"who tries to violate ... or to destroy" or "who dares to violate ... or to destroy" 

# to violate this decree

"to violate what I have decreed" or "to do what this decree says no one should do" 

# I, Darius, hereby issue this decree

The phrase "hereby issue" means that Darius, by speaking, is issuing the decree.