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# General Information:
Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
In the ancient Near East, it was common for a person to be punished by the testimony of a single person, especially if this was an important person. The rules in this chapter give protection to people, especially the poor by requiring multiple witnesses. This allowed justice to be done.
# One sole witness
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# must not rise up against a man
Here "rise up" means to stand up in court and speak against someone to a judge. Alternate translation: "must not speak to the judges about something bad that a man did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]])
"must not speak to the judges about something bad that a man did"
# in any matter that he sins
@ -16,9 +16,8 @@ Here "rise up" means to stand up in court and speak against someone to a judge.
# at the mouth of two witnesses, or at the mouth of three witnesses
Here "mouth" represents what the witnesses say. It is implied that there must be at least two or three witnesses. Alternate translation: "at the testimony of at least two or three people" or "based on what at least two or three people say happened" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
"at the testimony of at least two or three people" or "based on what at least two or three people say happened"
# must any matter be confirmed
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will you confirm that the man is guilty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
"will you confirm that the man is guilty"