Possible meanings of the rhetorical question "What" are 1) "What are you doing?" or "You should not be doing what you are doing" or 2) "What shall I tell you?" or "Listen to what I am telling you" or 3) "Do not do the things I am about to warn you against." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
# my son ... son of my womb ... son of my vows
The speaker wants the hearer to notice carefully and to respect the one who is talking to him.
# son of my womb
The womb is a synecdoche for the person. It is best to use a polite term for the body part in which babies grow before they are born.
# son of my vows
The "vows" could be 1) the mother's marriage vows or 2) a vow after she married that if God allowed her to have a child she would dedicate him to God.
# Do not give your strength to women
"Do not work hard trying to have sex with women," either outside of marriage or with concubines.
# or your ways to those who destroy kings
"or allow those who destroy kings to advise you"
# your ways
Possible meanings are 1) "the way you live your life" or 2) "the work you do"
# those who destroy kings
probably the immoral "women" to whom he is not to give his strength
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