# has come ... has passed ... has stored ... have crossed ... lodge ... trembles ... has fled

Isaiah speaks of these future events as though they have already happened. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])

# Aiath ... Migron ... Michmash ... Geba ... Ramah ... Gibeah

These are all cities and villages near Jerusalem that the army of Assyria went through and caused trouble in. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

# Ramah trembles and Gibeah of Saul has fled

Here "Ramah" and "Gibeah of Saul" refer to the people who lived in those cities. AT: "The people of Ramah tremble and the people of Gibeah of Saul have fled" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])